0 yuan won the bid, which led to disputes in cloud computing market bidding
After Tencent Cloud's one minute bid budget of 495 million yuan, the Xiamen government cloud, the controversial "lowest bid", set off a broader discussion.
Money _meitu_2
The quotation of 1 cent is indisputably lower than the cost of the quotation, regardless of the labor cost and technical cost. According to the "Bidding Law", the "Anti Unfair Competition Law", and the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Bidding Law", unfair competition below the bidding cost is invalid. However, Tencent's offer was not deemed invalid and still won.
It should be noted that, according to the contract, Tencent's price is 80% lower than the budget price, and the bid also needs to pay "low price". The risk is equal to the budget price minus the price, which means Tencent also needs to pay the Xiamen government $495 million "low price insurance".
The emerging cloud computing industry may be the future of telecommunications in the bidding field. The industry has proposed that 1 yuan bidding is common for ultra-low price bidders. At the beginning of last year, China Unicom's 4G base station bidding only spent 400 million yuan to buy equipment worth 13 billion yuan. Most cloud computing companies are worried about "whether this will become the norm of the cloud computing industry so dry that no one can play too big a giant.".
Loss, two or three incomes
At the beginning of 2016, the professors of Beijing Normal University wrote down "the lowest bid seems like a good or bad bid", expressing all the shortcomings of winning the bid. In 2017, there were two sessions of construction industry veterans who asked to cancel the "low bid".
In recent years, the low bid is the norm of the whole bidding industry, but because "lower than the quoted cost" is regarded as invalid bids are rare.
In January 2016, a city hospital procurement doctor system implemented government procurement, and three suppliers provided 10 million, 8 million, and 50000 yuan. According to Article 51 of the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Bidding Law", the evaluation committee provided 5 million yuan of company quotation below the cost price, and the bidding was invalid.
This is one of the few cases of online procurement by the Chinese government. Because the quotation below the cost is invalid, it is not very open. The author of Tianjin Government Procurement Center wrote that "ultra-low prices often appear in software system procurement projects". The cost of system software consists of two parts: development cost and maintenance cost. In order to occupy the market, some suppliers deliberately reduce the cost of bidding, and the bidder is low. Subsequently, these suppliers establish technical barriers through system development, create the difficulty of interoperability and other system development projects to control, use and maintain, and charge follow-up fees for secondary development.
In fact, the telecommunications industry is generally like this. When mining for the first time, the manufacturer will break out a price close to 0 yuan to Happy Valley. However, in the subsequent expansion, maintenance, and operators are kidnapped by equipment manufacturers. In the maintenance and expansion, they can only obey the equipment business and gradually recover costs and profits. Although operators often promote interoperability standards through interoperability testing, it still cannot change the fate of "being kidnapped".
In addition, a cloud computing company, for example, in January 2016, ZTE Software Innovation bid for the public security network instant messaging system at 0.01 yuan. In April 2016, China Mobile bid for Wenzhou government network at 1 yuan. "Cloud computing in telecom business is as good as these fields.
In the field of cloud computing, the first winner still enjoys advantages in subsequent expansion. Similarly, in Xiamen, for example, in 2015, Xiamen Information Port Development Co., Ltd. tendered for the e-government cloud platform with 395 million yuan, followed by two expansion tenders. The winning bidder was still Xiamen Information Port.
However, compared with the telecommunications industry, the ultra-low price of cloud computing industry has not become a trend. According to the data provided by the well-known bidding information service platform "Jian", there were 2867 public bidding projects in the field of national cloud computing in 2016, with a total bidding amount of 14.15 billion yuan, of which 8 projects are worth underestimating, accounting for 0.29% of the overall project statistics, including 482 domestic governments, central enterprise procurement platforms, and website data.
"Pay As You Need" Promotes Difficulties
While Tencent Cloud's 1p attracted attention at the same time, there were successful bidders of 0 yuan - Telecom, mobile phone, cloud matching Chile's 0 yuan bid for the 12 million yuan Shanghai e-government cloud plan. However, it should be noted that this is not a true bid of 0 yuan, but a payment on demand. The government department cannot determine the late use of procurement, and will determine the unit price according to the bid price, and charge according to the follow-up. This is also the advantage of cloud computing, which can realize flexible billing and truly save government procurement costs.
In fact, since 2012, manufacturers have been advocating the "on-demand" model in promoting government procurement of cloud computing, which can save a lot of idle resources and improve the efficiency of government funds.
However, according to the statistics of China Government Procurement Network, from March 2015 to March 2017, there were 184 projects involved in the government cloud plan, with a total award amount of $1.48 billion, of which only 8 were required for successful bidding. Most on-demand programs have not announced the product price and billing standards.
At present, most cloud computing companies recognize that the future belongs to the public cloud market, but the domestic government cloud computing is still dominated by private clouds. The long-term plan of the cloud computing policy department told reporters: "Although the public cloud has received a lot of recognition, it is still a new thing in the eyes of local governments. They can accept the projects they can see, so they still insist on investing in the computer room, building their own, and deploying their own networks. Of course, considering more local investment can stimulate the local GDP, which is also a local guarantee.
In 184 cloud cases, the reporter found that in the government cloud plans for public bidding in Shandong, Jiangxi, Ningxia, Fujian, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Guangxi and other provinces, almost all the bidders were local enterprises, some enterprises were system integration businesses, some were local cloud computing companies, and only Beijing, Guangdong and foreign-funded enterprises were bidding for survival. A senior enterprise involved in cloud computing projects told the reporter: "For government projects, basically do not go to local enterprises, they should pull them to work."
