Monthly filing: January 2020

"Zizhi Tongjian" Zhou Ji 18

Ten years ago (Bingchen, 305 BC), comets appeared.

King Zhao felled Zhongshan and took Danqiu, Shuangyang and Hongzhisai, as well as Jiu, Shiyi, Fenglong and Dongyuan. Zhongshan offered four cities for peace.

Qin Xuan, the empress dowager's half brother, said Rang Hou (r á ng straw of rice, wheat, etc.) Wei Ran, with his father and younger brother, called Mi Rong, Emperor Huayang; Wang Zhitong's mother and younger brother are called Gao Ling Jun and Jing Yang Jun. Wei Ran was the most virtuous, and he served and employed when he was king Huiwang and king Wu. The younger brothers of King Wu fought for the throne, but Wei Ranli was the only one who could make the throne. King Zhao ascended the throne, took Ran as the general and defended Xianyang. At the age of, Wei Ran killed the commoners, their elders and ministers, and the princes who plotted against them; and (Involvement; connection) Empress Huiwen was not allowed to die well. Empress Wu mourned and returned to Wei. Wei Ran killed those Wang brothers who were not good. Wang Shao, who proclaimed the autonomy of the empress dowager, appointed Wei Ran as the ruler, and shook the state of Qin.

Ten years ago (Bingchen, 305 BC), comets appeared in the sky.

King Zhao attacked the State of Zhongshan, captured Danqiu, Shuangyang and Hongzhi Fortress, and captured the city, Shiyi, Fenglong and Dongyuan. Zhongshan had to offer four cities for peace.

In the State of Qin, the empress dowager's half brother was Rang Hou Wei Ran, and the same father was Mi Rong, the emperor of Huayang; The same mother and younger brother of the King of Qin were Gao Ling and Jing Yang. Among them, Wei Ran is the most virtuous and good, and has held important positions since the time of King Hui and King Wu of Qin. After the death of King Wu of Qin, the brothers fought for the throne. Only Wei Ran could help King Zhao of Qin alone. After King Zhao of Qin ascended the throne, he appointed Wei Ran as the general to guard Xianyang. In those days, Wei Ran suppressed the conspiracy of the commoner named Zhuang and his ministers and princes; After Huiwen was implicated, she was killed. Queen Mou Wu also left the State of Qin and exiled to the State of Wei. Wei Ran executed all the brothers who disagreed with King Qin Zhao. Since King Zhao of Qin was young, Empress Dowager Xuan managed the country herself and appointed Wei Ran to power, which made him intimidate the whole country.

In the 11th year (Ding Si, 304 BC), the King of Qin and the King of Chu joined forces in Huangji; Qin Fu and Chu Shangyong.

Twelve years ago (Wuwu, 303 BC), comets were seen.

Qin took Wei Puban, Jinyang and Fengling; And Han Wusui.

Qi, Han and Wei Yichu fought against their relatives and attacked Chu together. The king of Chu sent the prince Heng to Qin to ask for help. Qin Guest minister (The State of Qin invited people from other countries to become officials in his own country. The official position was Qing, and he was treated with courtesy, so it was called Guest minister Later, it generally refers to outsiders who are officials in their own country.) through The soldiers saved Chu, and the Three Kingdoms led the soldiers.

In the 13th year (Jiwei, 302 BC), the King of Qin, the King of Wei, and the Prince Han met in Linjin, and the Prince Han returned to Xianyang; Qin Fu and Wei Puban.

The doctor Qin had a private fight with the crown prince of Chu. The crown prince killed him and died.

In the 14th year (Gengshen, 301 BC), there was food every day, as well as (Eat up. It means total solar eclipse or total lunar eclipse).

The Qin people took Han Rang.

Shu Shouhui rebelled against Qin, and Qin Sima was wrong to punish him.

Qin Shuchang Huan met with Han, Wei and Qi troops to attack Chu, defeated his division in Chongqiu, and killed Tang Mei; Therefore, the heavy hill is taken.

The king of Zhao attacked Zhongshan, and the king of Zhongshan rushed to Qi.

Fifteen years ago (Xinyou, 300 BC), Qin Jingyang was the king of Qi.

Qin Huayang, the monarch of Chu, attacked the Chu division, beheaded 30000 people, killed his general Jingque, and took Xiangcheng of Chu. The king of Chu was afraid, so he asked the prince to make peace.

Qin Chuli died quickly, and Zhao Renlou Huan was the prime minister.

King Wuling of Zhao loves his youngest son He and his desire living (living).

In the eleventh year (Ding Si, 304 BC), the King of Qin and the King of Chu met in Huangji, and the State of Qin returned Shangyong to the State of Chu.

In the 12th year (Wuwu, 303 BC), comets appeared in the sky.

The State of Qin captured Puban, Jinyang and Fengling of the State of Wei; And took Wusui from South Korea.

Qi, South Korea and Wei joined forces to attack Chu because Chu betrayed the anti Qin alliance. The King of Chu sent the Crown Prince Mi Heng as a hostage to ask the State of Qin for help. The State of Qin sent Ke Qing, named Tong, to lead the army to rescue the State of Chu, and the Allied Forces of the Three Kingdoms retreated.

In the 13th year (Jiwei, 302 BC), the King of Qin, the King of Wei, and the Crown Prince Han Ying of South Korea held a meeting in Linjin. The Crown Prince of South Korea went to Xianyang of the State of Qin before returning. The State of Qin returned Puban to the State of Wei.

There was a doctor in the State of Qin who fought with the Crown Prince of Chu privately. The Crown Prince of Chu killed him and fled back to the State of Chu.

In the 14th year (Gengshen, 301 BC), there was a total solar eclipse.

State Qin seizes Rangcheng, South Korea.

Ying Hui, the governor of Shu, rebelled against the State of Qin, and the State of Qin sent Sima Cuo to put him to death.

The State of Qin sent a commoner named Huan to join forces with Han, Wei and Qi to attack the State of Chu. He defeated the Chu army in Chongqiu, killed Tang Mei, the general of Chu, and captured Chongqiu.

King Zhao sent troops to attack Zhongshan, and the king of Zhongshan fled to Qi.

Fifteen years (Xinyou, 300 BC)

King Jingyang of the State of Qin went to the State of Qi as a hostage.

The State of Qin sent the Lord Huayang to attack the State of Chu, breaking through the Chu army, killing 30000 people, including the general of Chu, Jing Que, and seizing Xiangcheng. The king of Chu was very frightened and sent the prince to the state of Qi to ask for reconciliation.

After Chuli Ji died, Qin appointed Lou Huan, Zhao Ren, as Prime Minister.

King Wuling of Zhao loved his youngest son Zhao He and wanted to make him king of the country while he was alive.

"Zizhi Tongjian" Zhou Ji 17

In the sixth year (Renzi, 309 BC), the early Qin Dynasty set the prime minister, Chuli Ji as the right prime minister.

Seven years ago (Guichou, 308BC), Qin and Wei met in answer (Lushan County, Henan Province).

Gan Mao, the envoy of the King of Qin, asked Wei to attack Han, and Xiang Shou to accompany him. Gan Mao ordered him to return to Shou, saying that Wang said, "Wei is listening to his officials, so I hope the king will not fight!" Wang greeted Gan Mao and asked him why. He said, "The county of Yiyang is actually a county. Today, the king is very dangerous. He travels thousands of miles. It is difficult to attack. People in the Lu Dynasty killed people with the same name. People told his mother, and her mother was like that. And three people told him that her mother threw herself off the loom and left over the wall. The virtue of her officials is not like that of her. The trust of her officials is not like that of her mother, and the suspicion of her officials is not like that of her mother Feite (Not only, but also) three officials feared the king's investment. Marquis Wei Wen ordered Le Yang to attack Zhongshan and pull it out within three years. On the contrary, the first libel of Wen Hou Shi Suitcase (A small box is a tool for hiding things. A big box is a small suitcase.). Yue Yang bowed to Ji Shou again and said, 'This is not the merit of a minister, but the power of a monarch!' This minister, Detention (sojourning abroad), Chulizi, Gongsun Prince( shì )The king will listen to the discussion of Han. The king bullied the king of Wei and his officials suffered Public waste (The Prime Minister of South Korea, an old friend of Gan Mao, means that there is a suspicion of "connecting with foreign countries") The king said, "I can't listen to you. Please make an alliance with your son!" This alliance is close to the border. In autumn, Gan Mao and his concubines appointed marshals to attack Yiyang.

In the sixth year (Renzi, 309 BC), the State of Qin set up the post of Prime Minister and appointed Chuli Ji as the Right Prime Minister.

In the seventh year (Guichou, 308 BC), the State of Qin and the State of Wei held a meeting in Yingcheng.

The King of Qin sent Gan Mao to agree that the State of Wei would attack Korea together, and Xiang Shou would be his assistant. Gan Mao ordered Shou to return home and said to the King of Qin, "The State of Wei obeyed my arrangement, but I hope you don't attack South Korea!" The King of Qin greeted Gan Mao in Xieyang. When he asked why, Gan Mao replied, "Yiyang is a big county, actually it should belong to the county level. Now, the King orders you to send troops to attack in the face of multiple perils, thousands of miles away, which is very difficult. In the State of Lu, a man with the same name as Zeng Shen killed a man. Someone told Zeng Shen's mother that his mother was still weaving and calm. When three people came to tell her the same thing, Zeng Shen's mother also threw down the loom, jumped off the wall and ran away. My virtue is not as good as Zeng Shen, and your trust in me is not as good as Zeng Shen's mother. There are more than three people who suspect me, so I'm afraid you will also drop the loom in the future. In the same year, Lord Wei Wenhou appointed Le Yang as the general to attack Zhongshan, which took three years. When Wei Wenhou came back, he showed Le Yang a basket of other people's accusations. Yue Yang repeatedly kowtowed and saluted, saying: 'This is not my credit, it is really due to your trust!' Now I am Gan Mao, a foreigner living in the State of Qin. Chulizi and Gongsun Prince will attack me when they catch up with South Korea, and the king will listen to them. At that time, all the previous efforts to attack Yiyang were wasted. As a result, you, the king, betrayed the agreement with the king of Wei, and I suffered from the resentment of the Korean Prime Minister Zhongchi. " The King of Qin said, "I won't listen to them. I can swear to you!" So they made an oath in Xirang. In the autumn, Gan Mao and the general named Feng led an army to attack Yiyang.


  1. It is the highest art of being a leader to say that "no doubt about people, no doubt about people". Sometimes even if he doesn't doubt it, he can't resist the instigation of people around him. Gan Mao knows this well, so he puts these problems on the table in advance while fully considering the difficulty of fighting against South Korea, which is also a self-protection skill of a "captive minister".

Eight years ago (Jiayin, 307 BC), Gan Mao attacked Yiyang, but did not pull out in May. Chulizi and Gongsun Shiguo fought over it. The King of Qin summoned Gan Mao to strike. Gan Mao said, "The land lies there." Wang said, "There is." Because of the great Acknowledged (Complete, complete) The troops were dispatched to Zuoganmao, beheaded 60000 people, and Yiyang was pulled out. Han Gongzhongchi Acknowledgement (He entered the court to apologize) Yu Qin asked for peace.

King Wu of Qin likes to play with his strength. Ren Bi, Wu Huo and Meng Yue are all powerful officials. In August, Wang and Meng said that they would lift the tripod and cut off the pulse; Zu Meng said. King Wu has no son. Ji, a different mother and younger brother, is a native of Yan inverse (Opposite is welcome. Kanto is called reverse, and Kansai is called welcome.) It was established as King Zhaoxiang. The Queen Mother of Zhaoxiang, Mi Bazi, the daughter of Chu, real (Shi, Rongya) Empress Dowager Xuan.

King Wuling of Zhao went north to the middle mountain, to the house, then to the generation, to infinity in the north, to the river in the west, and to the top of Huanghua. He rode with Feiyimou to teach the people, saying, "Fools laugh, but sages observe Drive the epoch (The whole world) Laugh at me. I must have Hu Di and Zhongshan! " Sui Hu Fu.

No one in China wants it, Young Master (Young master, an ancient Chinese title for others. The honorific address is mostly used for men) become It is said that disease does not prevail. The king asked people to say, "The family listens to their relatives, and the country listens to the king. Today, I can teach easily, but my uncle refuses. I'm afraid that the world will discuss myself. Make the state permanent and benefit the people first; He who has experience in politics should act in a proper way. Mingde first discusses the lowliness, and believes in the nobility in politics, so I would like to admire the righteousness of my uncle in order to achieve the feat of Hu Fu. " Young Master Cheng paid homage to Ji Shou again and said, "If you hear of China, you will learn from sages, use rites and music, see from afar, and visit barbarians Effective (imitate) also. Now, the king is willing to attack the clothes from afar, change the way of the past, and go against people's heart Which (Pass "Cooked" Careful, careful and detailed) The messenger reciprocates. Wang Zigong invited him and said, "Our country has Qi and Zhongshan in the east, Yan and Donghu in the north, Loufan, Qin and Han in the west. If we don't have enough riding and shooting, why should we guard them? First, Zhongshan negative (Rely on the strong troops of Qi to invade our land, which is tiring our people and diverting water to encircle it; tiny (No, no) The deity of the state is much more likely to be unguarded. The first king was ugly, so I changed my clothes and rode and shot to prepare for the difficulties of the four borders and report to Zhongshan. But Shushun the Chinese customs, the name of "evil change into clothes", and the ugliness of forgetting things is not what I expected! " Young master Cheng obeys orders, but gives Hu Fu; Tomorrow is the day. So they began to obey Hu's orders, and started to ride and shoot.

In eight years (Jiayin, 307 BC), Gan Mao led an army to attack Yiyang, but it was still five months before he conquered it. Chulizi and Gongsun Prince really competed to accuse him. The King of Qin sent for Gan Mao, who wanted to strike and return home. Gan Mao only said, "Xirang is still where it used to be." The King of Qin suddenly realized, and said, "That's what happened." So he enlisted all his troops to help Gan Mao. As a result, he killed 60000 Korean soldiers and captured Yiyang. South Korean Prime Minister Chung Chi had to apologize for peace.

King Wu of Qin likes to practice martial arts. Hercules Ren Bi, Wu Huo and Meng Shuo have successively become high-ranking officials. In August, when the King of Qin and Meng said that they were lifting the bronze tripod, they exerted too much force, and their blood vessels burst and died. Meng said and his family were killed. King Wu of Qin had no son. Ying Ji, his half brother, was a hostage in the State of Yan. The nobles in the country welcomed him back and made him King Zhaoxiang of Qin. Mi Bazi, the mother of King Zhaoxiang of the Qin Dynasty, is a woman of the State of Chu, and was honored as Empress Dowager Xuan.

King Wuling of Zhao attacked the State of Zhongshan northward. The army passed through Fangfang City, reached Daidi, and then northward to infinity in the desert. He attacked the Yellow River westward, climbed to the top of Huanghua Mountain, and discussed with the minister Feiyi to let the people wear short clothes, learn to ride horses and shoot arrows. He said: "Foolish people will laugh at me, but smart people can understand. Even if people all over the world laugh at me, I will do so, and I will certainly take over the territory of the northern Hu people and Zhongshan!" So he took the lead to wear a Hu suit.

There was a lot of opposition from the taxi people in the middle of the country. The young man pretended to be ill and did not come to court. King Zhao sent someone to persuade him: "Family affairs are subject to parents, and state affairs are subject to the monarch. Now I'm going to tell the people to change clothes, but you don't wear them, uncle. I'm afraid that people around the world will talk about my favoritism. There are certain rules and regulations in governing the country, and it is always based on benefiting the people. There is a certain routine in handling political affairs, and the execution of orders is the most important. Propaganda of morality should first target the lowly lower class, and the implementation of laws must start from the nobility and close officials. So I hope I can use your example to complete the task of changing into a Hu suit. " Young Master Cheng thanked him and said, "I heard that China is a place where far away countries come to visit under the guidance of sages and sages, and where the Yis in all directions can learn from it. Now, the king, if you ignore this, will imitate the clothes of far away foreign countries, which is an act of changing ancient habits and violating human hearts. I hope you will consider it carefully." The envoy returned to the king of Zhao. King Zhao personally came to the door and explained: "There are Qi and Zhongshan in the east of our country; Yan and Donghu in the north; Loufan in the west, bordering on Qin and South Korea. If there is no training on horseback archery, how can we keep it? Previously, Zhongshan relied on Qi's powerful troops, invaded our territory, plundered people, and diverted water to encircle the city. If God had not blessed it, the city would almost have been lost. The king was deeply ashamed of this. So I decided to change my clothes and learn how to ride and shoot in order to resist the disasters on all sides and avenge Zhongshan. But Uncle, you have always followed the old Chinese customs, hated changing clothes, and forgotten the great humiliation of the city. I am deeply disappointed with you! " Young Master Cheng suddenly woke up and gladly obeyed his orders. King Zhao himself gave him a Hu suit, and the next day he wore it to the court. Therefore, King Zhao officially issued a decree to change from wearing Hu clothing to learning to ride a horse and shoot arrows.


  1. King Wu of Qin lost his pulse and became a red man. It's really a miracle of death. It's estimated that he died suddenly. Weight lifting is an anaerobic exercise. It is impossible to lift without moving. Unlike running, it feels like you can run several kilometers without moving. Meng, the playmate, said that he was wronged. His death was not enough. He was exterminated. Be careful when playing with leaders.
  2. "Ming virtue is first discussed in lowliness, and politics is first believed in value", which reminds me of the "Chinese Dream" and "Twenty four Filial Piety" in the streets. It seems that the ruling class has the same routine since ancient times: moral propaganda brainwash, and then what to rely on "morality", is the red flag of loyalty and filial piety.
  3. Zhao Wuling King's "The fool laughs, the sage observes". When leaders consider the essence of the problem, it is not very important to look at the face, customs and traditions. In this regard, Zhao Wuling King is very accurate.

In the ninth year (Yimao, 306 BC), the envoy of King Zhao of Qin Xiang Shou flat (Calm down and pacify) Yiyang, while Chulizi and Gan Mao attacked Wei. Gan Mao spoke to the king and returned to the Han Dynasty with martial arts. If you argue with Shou and Gongsun, you can't get it, so you complain and slander Ganmao. Mao was afraid to stop attacking Wei Pubin and die. Chulizi and Wei talked and stopped fighting. Gan Maoben Qi.

The king of Zhao left the middle mountains to Ningjia; Xiluehu, to Yuzhong. King Linhu offered his horse. Return, make Lou Huan's Qin, Qiu Ye's Han, Wang Ben's Chu, Fu Ding's Wei, and Zhao's Duke's Qi; generation Minister Zhao Gu Zhu Hu, To (attract; incur) his soldiers.

The King of Chu joined Qi and Han.

In the ninth year (Yimao, 306 BC), King Zhao of Qin sent Shou to pacify Yiyang, and Chulizi and Gan Mao to attack the State of Wei. Gan Mao suggested to King Qin that Wu Sui should be returned to South Korea. Xiang Shou and Gongsun Prince firmly opposed it, but failed to stop it, so they resented Gan Mao. Gan Mao was afraid, so he stopped his attack on Puban of Wei and fled. Chulizi had to make peace with the State of Wei and withdraw. As a result, Gan Mao defected to the State of Qi.

King Zhao attacked the State of Zhongshan and sent troops to Ningjia; They also attacked the Hu people westward to Yuzhong. King Linhu of the Hu people offered his horse for peace. When King Zhao returned, he sent Lou Huan to the State of Qin, Qiu Ye to the State of Korea, Wang Ben to the State of Chu, Fu Ding to the State of Wei, and Zhao Jue to the State of Qi; He ordered Zhao Gu, the deputy prime minister, to preside over the affairs of the Hu tribe and call in Hu soldiers.

The King of Chu made alliances with the State of Qi and South Korea.