Advocate energy conservation and environmental protection to save existing energyConsumption, advocating environmental protectionNew energy developmentAnd benefit the society.First of all, we should understand where the energy consumption is in our daily life?Where is the pollution?In view of the main problems, energy conservation and environmental protection efficiency should be improved to reduce unnecessary energy waste.
Chinese name
Energy saving and environmental protection
Concept
Promote the development of environment-friendly new energy
variousEnvironmental protection and energy conservationThe policies and measures ofDevelopment trendHowever, have we really understood it in depth?Do we really do it in our daily work and life?Is it just listening attentively, talking happily afterwards, and doing things carelessly?Energy conservation and environmental protection can not be achieved by chanting more slogans. It needs us to really improve and practice in real life, starting from every thing in daily life.
As everyonesocial developmentAnd human progress plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the development of our society.Therefore, we should improve the comprehensive quality of families, earnestly understand the practical significance and significant role of energy conservation and environmental protection, organize each family member, firmly stick together, start from all aspects of life to understand, improve, and implement the theme of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Recent research shows that: societyindustrial production The pollution caused only accounts forPollution sourceThe pollution caused by modern families accounts for 59%.Compared with the society, although the family is only a cell of the society, in terms of the harm degree of pollution, the family is relatively serious, which has been detectedToxic and harmful substancesThere are hundreds of them, and there are more than ten common ones.There is a groupstatistical dataIt can be further confirmed that domestic pollutionharmfulnessThat is to say, a family produces 1.8 kg of garbage on average every day, discarding five indecomposable plastic bags, two to threeDisposable lunch box；A family produces an average of 200 kilograms of waste water a day for hair washing, bathing, clothes washing, etc;A family uses 20 grams of chemicals on average every day.These pollutants andDomestic wastewater, polluting our land, rivers and oceans all the time.
According to media reports, in a survey of indoor pollution of more than 2000 household samples, the results show that more than 50% of households have indoor pollution, and the "culprit" is household appliances.What is more worrying is that most of the surveyed families have not yet realized the problem of household appliances pollution.The pollution caused by household appliances in modern families includes bacterial pollutionRadiation contaminationandnoise pollutionAnd even endanger people's life safety.
We were surprised to see this set of data. We have always been pointing the finger of pollution at industrial production, but we did not know that the biggest source of pollution is ourselves, that is, every family.We don't pay attention to the consequences of environmental protection and energy conservation at ordinary times. In the end, it is still us who do the most harm. It is our beautiful home on which we live, and it is our original clean and leisurelyglobal village。
In terms of energy waste, households also account for a considerable proportion.Multiple TV sets are on at the same time;Multiple computers are used at the same time;Do not cut off the power supply when not watching TV, and stay inposition in readiness；Tens of hundreds of wattsIncandescent lampSeveral at the same time;acoustic control lampa sensorIf it breaks down, the lamp will be on day and night;The water dispenser operates 24 hours a day;Some electric heating households use several kilowatts in winterelectric furnaceBlink without blinking;openwater tapIt lasted for several minutes. When the hot water came out, I washed slowly
Little by little, it seems insignificant.But it is just such little things that makeresidence communityThe phenomenon of energy waste is quite prominent.Check our behavior. The common "unconscious waste" wastes too much precious energy in family life.Habits become natural, and there are many waste phenomena that people have long formed and become accustomed toSave the familyNot much consideration was given to energy.However, in real life, it is very simple for us to get rid of those casual waste "habits", which only requires a little effort.
A good living and working environment is the condition on which our human beings rely for survival,protect the environmentIt is to protect ourselves.Face the Earthecological environmentWe should be soberly aware of the deteriorating reality of resource shortage: saving the earth, protecting the environmentenergy conservationIs our common responsibility.Family energy conservation and environmental protection are closely related to our life and easy to carry out. Doing a good job in family energy conservation and environmental protection not only saves resources, but alsoFamily economyIf you spend a certain amount of money, you can kill two birds with one stone.Therefore, we propose:[1]
Household electricity
Save every kilowatt hour of electricity and eliminate household appliance pollution.
Every family should strive to do the following:
a. Change the incandescent lamp into the fourth generationLEDUnder the same brightness, the power consumption of light source is only one tenth of that of incandescent lamp, but its life is 50 times of that of incandescent lamp.
c. When selecting air conditioners, consider the ones that are most suitable for the room sizeNumber of pieces。andAir conditioning in summerThe temperature is set at 26-28 ℃.
d. The food stored in the refrigerator should not be too full. There should be a gap of more than 100mm between the food in the refrigerator and between the food and the box wall.This can save 20% energy every day compared with sticking to the wall.
e、Washing machineThe power consumption of depends on the length of service time, generallySynthetic fibreAnd woolFabric washing3~4 minutes,Cotton bastWash fabrics for 6-8 minutes, and extremely dirty clothes for 10-12 minutes.
f. The TV should not be turned on very bright, and the volume should not be too high, because every 1 watt of audio power is added, 3~4 watts will be addedElectric power consumption。
g. Usingrice cookerIt is best to wash rice in advance and cook with warm or hot water, which can save 30% of electricity.
h. Unplug the electric rice cooker immediately after use. When the temperature in the cooker drops below 70 ℃, it will automatically power on intermittently, which will not only consume power but also shorten its service life.
i、Ordinary glassAs long as the window is pasted with a special layerEnergy saving membraneThe indoor temperature should be at least 3 ℃ lower. If the sun is more intense, the temperature difference will be further widened, and the energy-saving effect will be more obvious.It is reported that this energy-saving membrane can not only filterultraviolet raysThe energy-saving effect reaches 30%, and the service life is up to 20 years.
Family mobilization
Comprehensively strengthen the understanding of environmental protection and energy conservation.
First, parents should set a good example for their children.Parents are children's first teachers.Because of the child'sPlasticityLarge and imitative, every word and deed of parents can affect children.Therefore, parents themselves must firmly establish energy conservationenvironmental awareness, constantly improve their own quality, consciously achieve "environmental protection and energy conservation start from me, and start from daily small things", infiltrate energy conservation protection into all aspects of family life, and set an example for children in energy conservation and environmental protection.Secondly, efforts should be made to cultivate children's awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection.Parents can useWeekendAnd holidays, take children to some scenic spots to experienceEnvironmental beautyAnd then lead the children to some places with serious environmental pollution, so that they can witness the scene of garbage everywhere and sewage flowing.Through this comparison, let children feel the harmfulness of environmental pollution.Finally, we should create a good energy conservation and environmental protection atmosphere for children.In daily life, parents should put environmental awareness into action, so that children can form good environmental habits through subtle influence.For example, when shopping, pay attention to choosing pollution-freegreen product ；Start from yourself, do a good job in family hygiene, and strive to create a cleanenvironment。So, byeducate a childOn the one hand, it has strengthened parents' awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, on the other hand, it has actually reduced family expenses, and can also make contributions to China's energy conservation and environmental protection work, which can be called "great benefits".
Save coal
In today's society, due to the shortage of energy, energy conservation work has been further carried out. Various new types of energy conservation are advancedFurnace typeIncreasingly perfect and adopt new modelsRefractory fibreEqual qualityThermal insulation materialAfter that, the furnaceHeat dissipation lossSignificantly decreased.AdvancedCombustion deviceStrengthened combustion and reducedIncomplete combustionQuantity,Air-fuel ratioIt also tends to be reasonable.However, reducingExhaust heat lossAnd the technology of recovering the waste heat of flue gas is still in slow progress.In order to further improve thethermal efficiency, reachEnergy Saving It is also an important energy saving way to recover the waste heat of flue gas.
Domestic in the early 21st centuryHenanprovinceGongyiThe city finally developed RonghuaCeramic heat exchanger。hisProduction processAndKiln furnitureThe production process of,Thermal conductivityAnd oxidation resistance are the main application properties of materials.Its principle is to place the ceramic heat exchanger near the flue outlet where the temperature is high, without mixing cold air and high temperature protection. When the furnace temperature is 1250-1450 ℃, the temperature of the flue outlet should be 1000-1300 ℃. The ceramic heat exchanger can recover waste heat up to 450-750 ℃, and send the returned hot air into the furnace to form gasMixtureCombustion can save energy by 35% - 55%, which directly reducesproduction costs, addeconomic performance。
water saving
With the rapid economic growth and increasing population, it has become a very urgent task to alleviate the contradiction of insufficient resources, constantly improve the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development.China is one of the 12 water poor countries in the world,Freshwater resourcesIt is less than 1/4 of the world's per capita water, sowater savingimminent.
Energy saving and environmental protection posters
According to statistics, a total of 17 million people in a cityPermanent populationFor more than 6 million households, if each household saves 1 kilowatt hour of electricity every month, 60 million kilowatt hours of electricity can be saved in the whole city in a year, which is equivalent to that of a small power plantPower generation；If each household saves 1 ton of water every month, the city can save 60 million tons of water in a year, which is equivalent to the total domestic water consumption of a city with 800000 people in a year.
Pay attention to water conservation all the time, and start from the following aspects:
Promote the use of water-saving water valves andSanitary ware；Turn off the tap after using water, and do not let the water flow empty;Check the maintenance faucet at any time to prevent leakage;Promote one water for multiple purposes and reuse water;Save water, wash vegetablesRice washing waterFlush toilets and water flowers;Use phosphorus free detergent to wash clothes, reducing pollution;If the rinsing water is left for the next batch of clothes washing water, 30-40 liters of clean water can be saved at a time;Use with cautionCleaning agent, try to use soap, don't letWater source pollution, always remind ourselves that protecting water is protecting life!
The raw material for paper making is mainly wood, which decreases every year in the worldforest coverage73000square kilometre, equivalent to twoTaiwan Island。China's paper industry consumes more than 10 million cubic meters of wood annually;Every year, we produce about 45 billion pairs of disposable wooden chopsticks, which is equivalent to eating about 25 million trees a year.We use and consume a lot of paper, which is actually consumedForest resources。According to incomplete statistics, 4000 square kilometers of forests disappear every year on the earth.Forests can provide oxygen and absorbcarbon dioxide, prevent climate change, conserve waterWindbreak and sand fixation, Maintenanceecological equilibriumEtc.Protect forestsTo reduce the mining volume, we need to reduce the demand for wood.Recycling 1 ton of waste paper can produce 800 kg of recycled paper, which can cut 17 trees less and save more than half of thePapermaking raw materials, reduced by 35%water pollution。Each piece of waste paper can be recycled at least twice.Therefore, it should be advocated to actively recycle waste paper, try to use recycled paper and double-sided paper to give full playe-governmentAdvantage, vigorously promotePaperless office, try to useelectronic media Revise manuscripts and try to reduce paper consumption.Saving paper is the best way to protect forests and the environment.
Save oil
Reduce dependence on motor vehicles, use bicycles or walk as much as possible for short distance travel, and lighten the load of urban traffic;reduceOfficial vehicles, reduce the use of cars alone without affecting official duties and ensuring safety;When it is necessary to use official vehicles for emergency official activities, try to take them together.Let's all be bus people and competeCyclist！
In addition, if you drive by yourself, you can master the following energy-saving and environmental protection skills: 1. Don't overspeed.For ordinary cars, 80km/h is the most fuel efficient speedclutchDo not loosen it too fast, or it will consume fuel and easily stall;3. Lighten the fuel filler valve when increasing the speed;4. When encountering a red light or the vehicle in front is braked, do not step on the brake until you rush to the front in high gear;5. When the car is driving, pay attention to the water temperature gauge. The normal water temperature of the engine should be between 80 and 90 ℃. If it is too high or insufficientoil consumptionIncrease;6. Check the tire pressure frequently to keep it in the best condition. Insufficient tire pressure will increase fuel consumption;7. Don't change the size of the tire at will. Choosing a wider tire may make the car look more "sporty", but the wider the tire, the greater the wheel resistance,Fuel consumptionThe more;8. Use the lowest viscosityEngine oil。The lower the viscosity of engine oil, the more "labor-saving" the engine will be, and the more fuel will be saved;9. Don't warm up too much.Some car owners like to warm up before driving in the morning, but if they warm up too long, they will consume more fuel. They can drive the car slowly for one or two kilometers to achieve the warm-up effect;
Reduce meat
the United NationsThe report published in 2006 pointed out thatGreenhouse gas emissionsVolume ratioThe total amount of all transportation vehicles in the world, including planes, trains, cars and motorcyclesEmissionsMore.United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change（IPCC）Dr. Rajendra K. Pachauri, President, was in Paris in January 2008Press conferenceIt was pointed out that their previous report emphasized "the importance of changing lifestyle". He said, "This is a concept that the IPCC did not dare to express earlier, but we must make public at present." He appealed to people around the world, "Please eat less meat! Meat is a product with great carbon emissions."
Disposable products
protectEarth environmentAnd ecological balance, modern life is full of manyDisposables：Disposable tableware, disposable tableclothdisposable diaper、Disposable toothbrushDisposable cameras... Disposable products bring people temporary convenience, but bring disasters to the ecological environment;They speed upEarth resourcesAt the same time, it also brings environmental pollution to the earth.Use less disposable products and moreDurable goods, which should become newSocial ethos, a new lifestyle.Reduce the waste of resources and energy, let us get rid of“One time consumption”We can userechargeable batteryReplace ordinary batteries;usehandkerchiefReplace paper towel;usePorcelain cup、flower receptacleReplace paper cups;Use cloth bags instead of plastic bags;Use a mechanical pencil instead of a wooden pencil.If you often go out on business to eat, you can take a pair of chopsticks, a spoon, toothbrush, toothpaste, razorshampooAnd so on, so that life is environmentally friendly everywhere.Family travel, but also to bring a variety of goods, reduce the pollution and waste of disposable goods.At the same time, we should also persuade our friends around us to root energy conservation and environmental protection in every family.
Shopping bag
In our life, plastic bags have become indispensable, whether in supermarkets, supermarkets orfood marketAnd the small ones on the streetVendorThere, it seems to be a matter of course to provide plastic bags to customers. In contrast, some consumers rely excessively on plastic bags when shopping.Those plastic bags that are thrown away after use not only cause a huge waste of resources, but also make the amount of garbage increase sharply.Most consumers take supermarket plastic bags home asdisposable bagUse and discard will cause environmental damageSecondary pollution。Caused by plastic bagswhite pollution, has becomeurban environmentThe enemy of.
The annual plastic waste in China is more than 1 million tons.If the average spread of each plastic bag is 0.6 square meters, then each person discardsplastic filmIt covers an area of 240 square meters.However, some street vendors still have serious sanitary problems with their plastic bags.Less or no plastic bags should be the first green life we advocate.
Plastic bags for household use are the focus of white pollution. Plastic bags are indispensable for shopping in supermarkets and shopping on the street.Therefore, all families should bring their own vegetables when they go out to buy foodBamboo basket, beautiful and environmentally friendly.
Building energy conservation
《Design standard for energy efficiency of public buildings》GB50189-2005 has been implemented since July 1, 2005, which is the first public document approved and released in ChinaBuilding energy conservationDesign comprehensivenessnational standard, conscientiously implement《Public buildingsEnergy saving design standard ", and really put it into practice, is a primary task of current architectural design.Energy consumption of public buildings includes buildingsEnclosureAs well as heating, ventilation, air conditioning and lighting energy consumption, the goal of 50% energy saving in public buildings is toArchitectureHeating, ventilation and electrical disciplines shall be jointly responsible.For the architecture profession, it is to improve and enhance the thermal performance of the enclosure structure, that is, building thermal design.
Development and promotionLow energy consumptionLarge public buildingsTechnology: China's large public buildings account for less than 4% of the total urban building area, but their energy consumption accounts for more than 20% of China's total urban building energy consumption.The development of a set of low energy consumption large-scale public building technologies to solve China's practical problems can greatly alleviate the tension of urban power supply caused by the growth of the proportion of large-scale public buildings in urban construction.
Building our country'sBuilding energy consumptionThe effective building energy consumption statistics platform can give the consumption of buildings in ChinaTerminal energyTo quantitatively describe the specific characteristics of building energy consumption in China (such as the characteristics of development and changes, different functionsBuilding energy consumptionCharacteristics, energy consumption of buildings in different regions, energy consumption characteristics of different terminals in buildings, etc.), which is an important basis for building energy conservation.
daily life
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1. Less use in cookingCoal stoveUse liquefied gas instead. When cooking, do not wait for the oil to smoke, so as to minimize air pollution.
2. A variety of flowers and plants on the balcony at homebonsai, often clean the room, often bask in the quilt, and keep the home environment fresh and pleasant.
6. Family members, relatives and friends are advised not to smoke and burn garbage at will to maintain their health and keep a clean environment.
7、Plastic bottleWaste paper is collected and sold to waste collection stations to reduce waste discharge.
8. The pets kept at home should be taken care of to prevent affecting the rest of neighbors and fecal pollution, and maintain a harmonious living community and environment.
9. WashingRice waterIt can water flowers, wash vegetables and flush toilets.
10. When cooking at home, we should act according to our ability. Overeating or overeating will affect human health, and we should also put an end to extravagance and waste. Parents should set an example for their children and train them to be diligent and thriftygood habit。
11. In summer, you can use the self coming wind. Try to use the self coming wind. When driving, turn on the air conditioner less and open the windows more.Availableelectric fan, less air conditioning,brownout。
12. Drink moreplain boiled water, drink less drinks.Plain water is good for people's health and reduces the environmental pollution caused by mineral water bottles.
All family friends, national mobilization is constructionResource-saving societyThe foundation of.We long for a clean earth, green, healthy and cleanliving space。Let's actively respond to the proposal, join hands, start from me, start from every family, start from bit by bit, protect the environment, save resources, treat the earth well, let us all consciously become propagandists and practitioners of environmental protection and energy conservationEconomical societyAnd make due contributions to the realization of green and sustainable development in China.
Implementation measures
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Control increment
Continue to strictly control the "two gates" of land and credit and the threshold of market access, and strictly implementThe project startedSix items of land, environmental protection and energy conservation that must be met in constructionnecessary condition”We should control the excessive growth of industries with high energy consumption and high pollution, and speed up the elimination of backward industriesthroughput, improve and promote the industryStructural adjustmentOfPolicy measures, actively promote the adjustment of energy structure, formulate and promote the service industry and high-techIndustrial developmentPolicy measures
deepenCircular economy pilot, promote the comprehensive utilization of resourcesWaste recyclingUtilize and comprehensively promote cleaner production.Organize and prepare key industriescircular economyPromote the plan.Formulation and release of circular economyEvaluation index system。Deepen the pilot project of circular economy and make use ofNational debt fundsSupport a batch ofCircular economy project。Fully promote cleaner production, and increase the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction for enterprises that have not completed the targetClean production auditAnd implement the cleaner production transformation plan within a time limit.
Rely on science and technology
Accelerate energy conservation and emission reductionTechnology R&D, accelerate the demonstration and promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction technology industrialization, accelerate the establishment of energy conservation and emission reduction technology service system, and promoteEnvironmental protection industryDevelop healthily and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.Strengthen energy conservation and environmental protectionElectric power dispatching。Accelerate the cultivation of energy-saving technology service system and promoteEnergy Contract Management, promoteEnergy saving serviceIndustrialization development.
Tamping foundation
Energy ConservationObjective ResponsibilityAnd evaluation and assessment implementation plan, and establish an energy conservation target responsibility and evaluation and assessment system of "clear objectives, clear responsibilities, measures in place, one level at a time, one level for assessment".Strictly implementEnergy saving evaluation and review system for fixed asset investment projects。Strengthen the tracking, guidance and supervision of energy conservation work of key energy consuming enterprises, especially thousands of enterprises. Announce the enterprises that fail to take measures as required to the public for rectification within a time limit.strengthenDSM。expandEnergy efficiency labelstayThree phase asynchronous motor, variable frequency air conditioner, multi connected air conditioner, lighting products andGas water heaterApplication on.extendEnergy saving product certificationScope, establish international coordination and mutual recognition.Organize energy conservationSpecial inspection。Research, establish andImplementing scienceUnified energy conservation and emission reductionStatistical indicator systemAnd monitoring system.
For enterprises
With the increasing shortage of energy, the recovery of flue gas waste heat is also an important way to save energy.
Flue gas waste heat recoveryTwo methods are usually used: one is to preheat the workpiece;The other is to preheat air for combustion support.The flue gas preheating workpiece needs to occupy a large volume for heat exchange, which is often limited by the operation site (this method cannot be used for intermittent furnaces).Preheating air for combustion support is a better method, which is generally configured inheating furnaceIt can also strengthen combustion and speed upstoveOfheating rate And improve the thermal performance of the furnace.This can not only meet the requirements of the process, but also achieve significant comprehensive energy-saving effect.
Ronghua, developed in Gongyi City, Henan Province in the early 21st centuryCeramic heat exchangerThe metal heat exchanger has been well developed due to its limited use, because it has better solved the problems of corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and has become the best heat exchanger for recovering high temperature waste heat.After years of production practice, it shows that the ceramic heat exchanger has a good effect.Its main advantages are: good thermal conductivity, high temperature strength, good oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance.Long service life, small maintenance, reliable and stable performance, simple operation.It is the best device to recover the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas.
Ceramic heat exchangers can be used formetallurgy, nonferrous metals, refractory, chemical, building materials and other major thermal kilns are making great contributions to the cause of energy conservation and emission reduction in the world.
perfect legal system
Improve energy conservation andEnvironmental standardsAnd carry out special law enforcement inspection on energy conservation and emission reduction.Cooperate with the National People's Congress to quickly introduce the Energy Conservation Law (revised) and《Circular Economy Law》We will promptly formulate (revise) supporting laws and regulations.Organize the formulation of 16 mandatory national standards for energy consumption quota of high energy consuming products, formulate (revise) 16 energy-saving design specifications, 21 energy-saving foundations andMethod standardAnd 17 types of terminalsEnergy consumption products(Equipment)Energy efficiency standards。
Improve policies
Actively and steadily promote resource productsprice reformAnd improve the energy conservation and emission reductionfiscal policy, implement the policies that are conducive to energy conservation and emission reductiontax policy。Adjustment《Energy saving productsGovernment Procurement List, to study and pilot the method of mandatory procurement of energy-saving products.broadenfinancing channel To promote domestic and international financial institutions' capitalForeign government loansIt is inclined to energy conservation and emission reduction.
Strengthen publicity
Organize the annual nationalEnergy saving publicity week、National Urban Water Saving Publicity WeekandWorld Environment Day、earth dayWater publicity day activities.Infiltrate the concept of resource conservation and environmental protection into all kinds ofSchoolingIn teaching, we should cultivate children's sense of saving from an early age.Will develop circular economy and build a conservation oriented economySocial publicityIncorporate "scientific development,Build harmony together”Major themesPublicity activities.Organize and carry outNational Energy Conservation Publicity WeekActivities and energy-saving science popularization activities to implement energy-saving publicityEducation baseOn a pilot basis, we organized publicity and training for the Energy Conservation Law and the Circular Economy Law, and carried out energy-saving commendation and reward activities.
The government takes the lead
In the work of energy conservation and emission reduction,central governmentWill take the lead in standardizing.To be popularized nationwide in 2007Energy efficient products50 million pieces,Central state organsEnergy saving lamps will be replaced first.
Integrate existing resources and improveIndustrial concentration, implementSemiconductor lighting technologyAnd equipment industrialization.Cultivate 10-15 masterscore technology , have moreIndependent intellectual property rightsAnd well-known brand enterprises;The key production equipment and important raw materials have been localized, the high-end application products have reached the world's advanced level, and the international advancedDetection platformAnd build a batch of perfect industrial chainsinnovation abilityStrong and distinctive semiconductor lighting emergingIndustrial cluster。Gradually promote semiconductor lighting products.By 2015, the market share of general lighting products will reach about 20%, LCDBacklightMore than 70%,Landscape decorationMore than 80% of the products, 450 billion yuan of output value of semiconductor lighting industry, and 60 billion yuan of annual power savingsKilowatt hour, formed withInternational competitivenessSemiconductor lighting industry.
Support the remanufacturing of auto parts, engineering machinery, machine tools, etc., improve the remanufacturable old parts recycling system, and focus on supporting the establishment of 5-10 national remanufacturing industry clusters and a number of major demonstration projects.By 2015, 800000 engines, 8 million gearboxes, starters, generators, 200000 sets of construction machinery, mining machinery, agricultural machinery, etc. will be remanufactured, and the remanufacturing industry output value will reach 50 billion yuan.
Cultivated byengineering designJointly participate with equipment manufacturing enterprises, research institutes, universities, relevant raw material production enterprises, etc., integrating R&D, incubation, production, integration, inspection and testing, and engineeringtechnical serviceIt is a seawater desalination industrial base.By 2015, 2-3 national seawater desalination industrialization bases will be built,key technology The R&D and manufacturing capacity of equipment and related materials has reached the international advanced level, and the desalination capacity has reached 2.2 million to 2.6 million tons/dayRelated industriesThe output value is 50 billion yuan.
1 The temperature of the air conditioner in summer should not differ from the outside temperature by more than 5 ℃,For example, the outside temperature is 32 ℃, and the air conditioner should be set at 28 ℃.When the temperature rises by 1 ℃, the power consumption can be reduced by 10%.
2 willOperating modeSet to "automatic air", the automatic air consumes less power, so that the air conditioner can operate efficiently.
3 Used together with electric fan,The cooling efficiency can be improved by blowing the air conditioner up.When air conditioning startsRuntimeUse electric fan to blow up the cold air, which can circulate the cold air in the bed, sofa and other gathering places.The cooling efficiency can be improved in a short time, so that the cooling effect can be improved.And turn the wind direction of the air conditioner upward when coolingRegulatorSection.
4 Turn off the air conditioner 30 minutes before going out,If the air conditioner is turned off for 30 minutes, the room temperature will not change.So we should form the habit of cutting off the power 30 minutes before going out.
5 The energy-saving mode of using air conditioners in summer is to separate the two functions of "cold air" and "dehumidification",The cost of power consumption for air conditioning and dehumidification cannot be simply compared.In the hot noon, when the temperature is very high in any case, turn to the air conditioning function.And in the stuffyPlum rain season, dehumidification function is used, and separate use can save power.
Office computerScreen saverThe picture should be simple and the display should be turned off in time
Try to use hard disk for office computer
water treatment
Announce
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Water shortage, water hunger and water pollution are the major problems that perplex modern people, and are vital to the survival of human beings, living things and the survival of the earth.Water treatment, water purification, desalinationdesalinationIt becomes inevitable and necessary.
There are many ways to treat water. Traditional methods and technologies have increased secondary and tertiary pollution and increased energy consumption,greenhouse effectThe innovative methods of energy conservation and environmental protection are constantly pursued.New methods, new thinking and new creation often emerge.
becauseSocial productionLife is closely related to water. Water famine, water shortage, water shortage, and water pollution are all involved in the field of water treatmentScope of applicationIt is very extensive, forming a hugeIndustrial application。
In short, "water treatment" is the process of removing some substances in water that are not needed for production and life through physical and chemical means.It refers to sedimentation, filtration, coagulation, flocculation, corrosion inhibitionScale inhibitionAnd other water conditioning processes.
Forward osmosis-A New Way of Water Purification and Desalination
"Infiltration" In the field of seawater desalination, desalination and water treatment, it is also called forward osmosis, orforward osmosis, to show thatreverse osmosisThe difference, difference, correspondence and emphasis of reverse osmosis and reverse osmosis. The forward osmosis method is a pair of methods that are mutually reversed with reverse osmosis.Forward osmosis as a potential waterpurificationAnd desalinization of new technologies, the world is conducting multi angle, in-depth theoretical research and practical exploration.In 1976, there was an original attempt of liquid-liquid system abroad. In 1992, the forward osmosis (non pressurized) adsorption osmosis method for desalination of liquid-solid system was invented in China (CN92110710.2).It was not until about 10 years later that he followed the international trend again and started the standard imitation and replication mode. In 2008, there was a review report.
3. Special industry applications: food, pharmaceuticalliquorThe scale prevention, scale removal, magnetization, sterilization and alga killing of water equipment in industries such as, etc. have established an environment-friendly hydropower construction system.
Grand vision
With the rapid development of science and technology,Pressure drivenreverse osmosisMembrane separation technology(RO) has made great innovation and improvement in membrane, membrane assembly, equipment and process, but people are also increasingly aware of the limitations of RO technology in the field of energy conservation and environmental protection. In terms of desalination, RO technology can be considered to be close to the peak of development.Therefore, it has been carried out abroad“forward osmosismembraneSeparation technology(FO) "Related researchAnd has made certain achievements, and has been applied in seawater desalination, sewage treatment, food processing, medicine and other fields, especially "pressure delayed osmosis (FRO) seawater power generation", which is a promising cleaningRenewable energyDevelopment technology J.However, at present, little attention has been paid to forward osmosis membrane separation technology in China, and there are few related studies and papers.Although, in the 1990s, China had a creative invention of "non pressurized adsorption osmosis seawater desalination" (CN92110710.2).
forward osmosisSeparation technology has been applied for a long time.Long ago, people used salt to store food for a long time, because most bacteriamouldandPathogenbecauseInfiltrationIt will dehydrate to death or lose its activity temporarily.Nowadays, people have begun to use forward osmosisMembrane separationTechnical progressSeawater desalination、Industrial wastewater treatment, garbageOsmotic fluidTreatment;food industryIn the laboratory, forward osmosis membrane separation is used to concentrate drinks;Emergency rescueLife support systemFresh water is produced by forward osmosis membrane separation technology.along withmaterial science The forward osmosis technology has been applied to human medicinecontrolled release 。
Non pressurized adsorption infiltration desalination, or“Forward osmosis method”, let water pass throughPorous membraneForward osmosis into a super absorbentAdsorbentOr the salt concentration of the solution or solid matter even exceeds that of sea water, which does not require external pressure, but the special salt content in the solution“Extract"It is easy to evaporate and does not need to add too much heat (the heating energy is equal to the reverse osmosis pressurization energy). It can be divided into solid salt and liquid salt directions. The solid salt desorption adsorption consumes less energy.
Seawater desalination technology: non pressure adsorption infiltration desalination method (CN92110710.2) 1992: 1990sDeng YuInvention of the United StatesChemical Abstracts》Included.
The other two methods are innovative and improved in the film structure
Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China
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Interim Measures for Cleaner Production Audit
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Notice on Printing and Distributing Regulations on Cleaner Production Audit Procedures of Key Enterprises
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Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Rules of Beijing Interim Measures for Cleaner Production Audit (JFG [2006] No. 364)
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Notice on Printing and Distributing the Beijing Municipal Measures for the Use of Funds to Support Cleaner Production Jing Cai Cai Yi [2007] No. 156
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Notice on Issuing the Interim Measures of Beijing Municipality on Cleaner Production Audit and Acceptance and the Administrative Measures of Beijing Municipality on Cleaner Production Audit Consulting Institutions (Interim) (JFG [2007] No. 1379)
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Notice on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures of Beijing Municipality on the Management of Special Funds for Supporting the Development of Small and Medium sized Enterprises Jing Cai Cai Yi [2005] No. 412
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Notice on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures of Beijing Municipality on the Administration of Cleaner Production Experts (JFG [2007] No. 1760)
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Notice on Issuing the List of the Third Batch of Cleaner Production Audit Consulting Institutions in Beijing (JFG [2007] No. 791)
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12th Five Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry Development[2]
Energy saving and environmental protection posters
Household Electric Appliances
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The topic of energy conservation and environmental protection will never go out of style, especially in today's society, many people will find that energy conservation and environmental protection are also in vogue in many industries, and various energy conservation and environmental protection products are emerging in endlessly.The reason must be that we all know that the environment we currently live in is gradually damaged, energy is also greatly limited, and energy conservation and environmental protection are gradually becoming popular.According to the analysis of relevant people, energy conservation and environmental protection are also concerned in the household appliance industry.
"Comprehensively promote resource conservation", "spare no effort to complete the emission reduction task of major pollutants", "implement major ecology"Restoration works”"Incorporate environmental protection and emission reduction indicators into the assessment system of local governments"... In the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was further clarified and emphasized thatStrategic direction。
Since 2012, from 26.5 billion yuanEnergy saving subsidies for household appliancesNew Deal, toStepped tariffImplementation, collection of waste household appliances recycling fund, solar water heaterEnergy efficiency gradeWith the implementation of the standards, the country has also taken frequent actions in the field of energy conservation and environmental protection related to household appliances, and the policy orientation is increasingly obvious.
First, forInsufficient domestic demandThe state arranged 26.5 billion yuan in May 2012 to promote air-conditioningFlat panel TV, refrigeratorWashing machineAnd water heaters to stimulate consumption, and the scope and amount of subsidies areMuch greater thanPastSubsidy for energy-saving household appliancesActivities.Among them, solar water heatersAir energy water heaterIt is included in the subsidy category for the first time, and the support is strong.Develop new energy andRenewable energy, has already become the top priority of the "12th Five Year Plan"Guarantee roomUnder the promotion of favorable policies such as construction and renewable energy demonstration cities and countiesSolar hot water project"100 billion" market.On September 1, the implementation of the energy efficiency rating standard for solar water heaters was improvingproduct qualityAt the same time, it will also promote the development and upgrading of the entire industry.[3]
In addition, during the 12th Five Year Plan periodRecycling of renewable resourcesThe key period of system constructionRecyclingIt was also put on the agenda again.In July 2012, the collection of waste household appliances recycling fund was started;In October, the new rules for the management of used household appliances completed the consultation and will be officially introduced.With the scrapping of household appliancesfastigiumWith the advent of, establish a perfect recycling and reuse of waste household appliancesGreen industry chainIt is also imperative.I understand that,ChanghongandTCLAs early as 2010, it took the lead in the field of waste household appliances recycling.
Of course, in addition to policy driven market, it also depends onproduct mixTechnological innovation, transformation and upgrading of the industry itself.With the strong promotion of manufacturers,Inverter air conditioner、Drum washing machine, large capacity refrigeratorSmart TV、Condensing water heater、Frequency conversion microwave ovenA series of energy-saving products have gradually become the mainstream of consumption.In addition, with the continuous development and utilization of new energy, hybrid energy water heaters will also have good development prospects.
Energy conservation and environmental protection have gradually taken root in people's hearts. People usually choose energy conservation and environmental protection products when buying goods.The household appliance industry plays a very important role in people's life. To enable consumers to buy satisfactory products and promote the development of the industry, energy conservation and environmental protection have brought new development opportunities to the household appliance industry. The household appliance industry should seize this opportunity to explore the market prospects.
Mining machinery
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Now China has taken corresponding measures for environmental protection,Crusher equipmentIt is no exception,Low carbon emission reductionEnergy conservation and consumption reduction have become the current development trend. Red Star always pays attention to the development of the market, so that it can grasp the market at the first timeMining machinerymarket development To adjust the development policy of the company's products at any time to meetcustomer demand。In this era of increasingly rapid development, who can seize the market, walk in the forefront of market development, who will dominate the market, who has mastered the greenProduction technologyWho controls the initiative of the market.
