Electromechanical equipment generally refers to machineryan electric applianceAnd electrical automation equipment, in the building, refers to the general term of machinery and pipeline equipment except earthwork, carpentry, reinforcement, mud and water.It is different from hardware. It refers to finished products that can achieve certain functions.
Chinese name
electromechanical equipment
Foreign name
electromechanical equipment
Definition
Mechanical, electrical and electrical automation equipment
In building
Refers to finished products that can achieve certain functions
Meaning
An important symbol of the comprehensive national strength of the national scientific and technological level
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people have more and more demands for electromechanical equipment in their daily life. From vehicles to various household appliances, computers, printers, etc., they have become indispensable in people's lifeElectromechanical products。Advanced electromechanical equipment can not only greatly improvelabour productivityAs one of the national industrial bases, it has a direct and important impact on the development of the entire national economy, as well as the improvement of science, technology and national defense strength. It is also an important symbol to measure a country's scientific and technological level and comprehensive national strength.
With the continuous improvement of technology, the traditional mechanical equipment has entered a new stage of mechanical and electrical integration, and its application scope has been constantly expanded.Since the 1960s, computers have gradually become popular in the scientific research, design, production and management of the machinery industry, creating conditions for the machinery manufacturing industry to develop in a more complex and precise direction.Electromechanical equipment also began to move towards digitalization, automation, intelligence andFlexibilityAnd entered a new stage of modern equipment.
classification
Announce
edit
Classification of electromechanical equipment.There are many kinds of electromechanical equipment and various classification methods.The Classification and Codes of National Economic Industries (GB/T4754-2002) has a detailed classification of electromechanical equipment. This classification method is often used in industrial equipment asset management, cataloguing of electromechanical product catalogues, etc.In addition, electromechanical equipment can be divided into three categories according to their uses, namely, industrial electromechanical equipment, information electromechanical equipment and livelihood electromechanical equipment.
Industrial electromechanical equipment refers to the equipment used by manufacturing enterprises, such as various types of machining equipment, automated production lines, industrial robots used in the machinery manufacturing industry, and mechanical equipment used in other industries, such astextile machinery 、Mining machineryAll belong to industrial electromechanical equipment.
Information electromechanical equipment refers to electronic and mechanical products used for information collection, transmission, storage and processing.For example,computer, printerCopier, fax machine, communication equipment and other office automation equipment belong to information electromechanical equipment.
People's livelihood electromechanical equipment refers to electronic and mechanical products used in people's life.For example, all kinds of household appliances, household processing machinery, automotive electronic products, fitness and sports machinery are electromechanical equipment for people's livelihood.
Lightning induction:During lightning discharge, electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction generated on nearby conductors may cause electric sparks between metal parts.
Electromagnetic compatibility:The equipment or system has the ability to work normally in the electromagnetic environment and not form unbearable electromagnetic interference to anything in the environment.
Protective grounding:The exposed conductive part of the electrical device that is not electrified under normal conditions is connected to the protective wire (PE wire) or protective neutral wire (PEN wire) according to the grounding type of the system, which is called protective grounding.
Surge protective device：A device with nonlinear characteristics used to limit the conduction of transient overvoltage and cause surge current in the line.
Installation works
Announce
edit
characteristic
Mechanical and electrical equipment installation engineering is an indispensable part of construction engineering. It is a big concept and involves many disciplines and specialties.Including the installation of various equipment, water supply and drainage, electricity, heating, ventilation, fire protection, communication and automatic control systems in industrial, civil and public works.Although it has its inherent characteristics, its versatility is also strong.Its construction activities start from equipment procurement, involve installation, commissioning, production and operation, and completion acceptance, and ultimately aim to meet the use function of the building.The electromechanical installation construction process involves the use of new technologies, new processes, new materials, new equipment and other emerging technologies in the construction process.The requirements for hoisting, assembly and testing technology of large-scale projects are becoming higher and higher, which requires continuous updating of construction technology and construction equipment.The acceptance of the construction quality of mechanical and electrical installation is also significantly different from that of building structures, which is characterized by the difference in quality assessment methods, project acceptance and after-sales service means.However, due to the variety of construction and installation technologies, diversity of materials and complexity of "one two skills", a large number of manpower and material resources will be invested in the actual construction process, which requires that all construction units and relevant engineering units have rich construction experience and experience.Mechanical and electrical installation works run through the whole construction process. The main part of the construction starts after the completion of the structural works and is basically completed before the start of the decoration works, so it has an important impact on the whole construction period;The quality of mechanical and electrical installation works plays a key role in the use function after the completion of the project, and the construction unit is required to strictly check during the construction process.
problem
Poor perception of installation quality of building electromechanical equipment
At present, there are more and more high-grade office buildings, luxury residences and star rated hotels in China's urban high-grade civil buildings. In these high-grade civil buildings, the requirements for decoration and installation of electromechanical equipment will also become higher and higher.However, we often find such phenomena in some high-end buildings: the layout of ceiling sprinklers, air outlets and lamps in the floor corridor is not in a straight line: sanitary fittings and hardware fittings in guest rooms and toilets are not in the middle of the four corners of the decorative joints;There are traces of water leakage on the ceiling, and traces of water on the carpet outside the toilet;The position of switches and socket panels of the same type on the inner wall is different, which leaves a permanent regret for the project.Through years of construction experience, the author analyzes and summarizes the main reasons for the poor perception of the installation quality of building mechanical and electrical equipment, which are as follows: 1) The construction management of the mechanical and electrical engineering project department is not in place, and the awareness of the quality of the engineering perception is indifferent. One side believes that the mechanical and electrical equipment can be reliably operated after installation, and can only achieve the use function, which has little to do with the building grade standards.2) The comprehensive layout among water, electricity and ventilation disciplines is not deepened enough, resulting in the installation of some air outlets not in place, and some lamps in the ceiling can only be displaced for installation due to insufficient installation height.wait.3) The protection measures for finished products are not in place, resulting inElectromechanical productsThe surface is damaged by scratches, spots, cracks, etc.
Large noise and vibration of building electromechanical equipment
In recent years, our country has increasingly high requirements for the environmental quality of construction projects, especially for schools, hospitals, comprehensive office buildings, high-level sprinkler shops and other buildings, which have strict requirements for noise and vibration control. The source of noise and vibration is mainly equipment room.Because the equipment room is equipped with refrigeration unit, air conditioning circulating water pumpAir handling unitVarious fans, cooling towers, transformers, HVAC, water supply and drainage and other power electromechanical equipment.During the operation of these equipment, the rotating inertia force and the disturbance force generated by the eccentric imbalance will cause forced vibration of equipment components, and generate vibration and noise through the equipment base, the connection part between the pipeline and the building.It radiates noise to the surrounding space in the form of solid and air sound waves.It has an impact on people's life, study and work.Therefore, meeting people's requirements for environmental quality is a problem that should not be ignored in today's construction projects[1]。
