Focus Interview was completed on May 7, 2015
Is "Local Oil" Reliable?
Hou Feng, presenter of the studio:
Hello, audience friends. Welcome to today's Focus Interview.
Food safety is now the most concerned issue. Some consumers even think that only those who have seen the food produced are truly reassuring food. Therefore, the sales method of on-site production and selling while doing is very popular. For example, oil pressing workshops are typical representatives. It seems safe and reliable to watch the clear oil flow into the bottle, but is it practical? Is it really more reliable to sell things like this?
Commentary:
In Wuzhou, Guangxi, and Zhaoqing, Guangdong, the reporter found that many farmers' markets can see some peanut oil workshops. In Wuzhou, Guangdong, Guangdong and Guangxi wholesale markets, there are five in one street. Most of these oil workshops have a set of oil pressing equipment, which can directly press oil with peanuts in front of customers. Therefore, these oil workshops all use the brand of fresh and pure to attract customers.
reporter:
Are you pure?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
Pure is self squeezed.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
One hundred percent, no fake. The peanut oil is very fragrant.
Commentary:
These oil workshops not only attract customers with the freshness and purity of peanut oil, but also generally have lower prices than those of regular oil factories. Therefore, their business is quite good.
a citizen:
I feel relieved. I have eaten in this shop for 20 years.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
I'm full of acquaintances here. I have been working for 10 years. Ensure quality.
Commentary:
The reporter found a strange phenomenon. Although they are all fresh peanut oil, their prices are very different.
reporter:
what is the price?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
14 (yuan/jin).
reporter:
What about cheaper ones?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
10 yuan cheaper.
Commentary:
After visiting more than 20 oil workshops in Wuzhou and Zhaoqing, the reporter found that these are all called pure peanut oil. The low price is only 7 or 8 yuan per kilogram, while the high price is 16 yuan per kilogram. The price difference is double, and the common price is 10 yuan per kilogram. The reporter learned that the lowest wholesale price of peanuts in Wuzhou, Guangxi and Zhaoqing, Guangdong is more than 4.5 yuan per kilogram, regardless of the variety. So, how many peanuts do you need to squeeze a jin of peanut oil?
reporter:
How many peanuts make a jin of oil?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
2 jin and a half.
Commentary:
According to the minimum price of 4.5 yuan per kilogram, the price of 2.5 kilograms of peanuts is at least 11 yuan, which means that the price of one kilogram of pure peanut oil cannot be lower than 11 yuan. So, what kind of peanuts are used for peanut oil that is less than 11 yuan?
reporter:
It smells almost the same. What's the difference between 15 yuan and 8 yuan?
boss:
Eight yuan is pure. This is soybean oil.
reporter:
Is there any peanut oil in it?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
yes.
reporter:
About how many?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
appreciably.
Commentary:
It was originally called peanut oil, but it was mixed with soybean oil. The wholesale price of soybean oil is generally only about 5 yuan per kilogram, which is at least half lower than the price of peanut oil. In further investigation, the reporter learned that some low-cost peanut oil is mixed with other oils besides soybean oil. What is it?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
This is half for half.
reporter:
Half for half? Half peanut oil, half what oil?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
This is brought back by the manufacturer. I don't know what is inside.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
That's very bad. We don't sell that bad.
reporter:
What's the difference? What's the difference?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
I don't know. I don't know where I got them.
Commentary:
In the so-called pure peanut oil produced by Youfang, besides soybean oil, what cheaper oil is added? After many inquiries, the reporter found the answer. In Zhaoqing, Guangdong, there is a wholesale market for edible oil, which mainly wholesales palm oil.
Edible oil wholesaler:
Brown oil in bulk: 2 yuan, 85 yuan/jin.
Commentary:
The price of palm oil is lower than that of soybean oil, less than 3 yuan per kilogram. The owner of palm oil told the reporter that many peanut oil workshops came to her to purchase goods, because she had ways to greatly reduce the production costs of peanut oil workshops. She calculated such an account for the reporter.
Edible oil wholesaler:
Twenty percent of the peanut oil, eighty percent of the brown oil, and four yuan and nine jin, you should give it to Sanqi. In the early stage, there were customers for this (Sanqi), while in the early stage, there were fewer customers.
reporter:
How much did you calculate just now?
Edible oil wholesaler:
Four nines for two eight. Three seven is five seven.
Commentary:
The proportion of peanut oil mixed with palm oil can be as high as 70% or 80%, and the cost is less than 6 yuan. In this way, even if the minimum price is 8 yuan/kg, there will be a lot of profit. However, it is surprising that there are more bizarre formulas to reduce costs.
Edible oil wholesaler:
This is 48 jin (palm oil) and 2 jin pure peanut oil. A little more peanut oil will smell better. This is a 50 kg bucket. They taught me this. I usually teach others this way. They also used 2 jin of peanut oil and 48 jin of palm oil.
Commentary:
48 to 2, of the 50 jin oil, peanut oil is only a pitiful 2 jin, that is to say, according to this ratio, peanut oil only accounts for 4%. The cost of such oil is only 3 yuan per kilogram, but it will be sold for at least 8 yuan per kilogram. These oil workshops use peanuts to extract pure peanut oil in front of customers, but secretly add other cheap oil into the peanut oil. After adulteration, the price of oil has dropped, but the taste has inevitably changed. Without the pure fragrance of peanut oil, how can we attract customers?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
If you get some flavor, you can't eat it.
Commentary:
The reporter investigated that it is common for these peanut oil workshops to add flavor to the adulterated peanut oil, so those who sell oil presses also sell peanut oil flavor.
Oil press vendor:
This is for flavoring, three or four yuan a bottle. This can't be used too much.
Commentary:
How many oil workshops add other oils to the so-called pure peanut oil? The reporter bought a bottle of so-called pure peanut oil from 19 peanut oil workshops in the agricultural markets of Jingwu, Datang, Zhuwan, Xinlong, Liangguang, Xinxing, Huangtang, Huanggang, Shizui, etc. in Wuzhou, Guangxi, and Zhaoqing, Guangdong. Then the reporter sent the 19 oil products to Guangdong CTI Food and Cosmetics Safety Assessment Center for testing. The inspector first found the abnormal phenomenon of this batch of oil products with a simple freezing method.
Chen Zhiyong, Director of Guangdong CTI Food and Cosmetics Safety Assessment Center:
We freeze the oil in a 5 degree refrigerator for a period of time, and then we can see that this is pure peanuts, which is relatively clear and transparent; This is to add palm oil, which looks a little turbid; This is very obvious. It has become a milky white paste. It is obvious that it has added the ingredients of animal fat. You see, this soybean oil is basically the same. Therefore, this is also one of the reasons why peanut oil is currently mixed with soybean oil.
Commentary:
Through the detection of the instrument, the accurate results came out soon.
Chen Zhiyong:
We found that only 3 samples met the standard of peanut oil oil composition, 16 samples did not meet the standard, 5 samples added palm oil, 5 samples added soybean oil, 2 samples added both palm oil and soybean oil, and 4 samples obviously added animal oil.
Commentary:
The test results showed that only 3 of the 19 oil workshops were selling pure peanut oil, and the other 16 were adulterated with other oils, with the adulteration rate as high as 84%. And in the test, the testers made amazing discoveries in the three pure peanut oil samples.
Chen Zhiyong:
This is a very strange thing. We judged that 2 aflatoxins in the 3 samples called peanut oil exceeded the standard, between 3 and 4 times the standard, which is serious.
Commentary:
Director Chen told reporters that the toxin detected this time was aflatoxin B1, which is a very toxic substance.
Chen Zhiyong:
Let's make a comparison. In the martial arts novels, we will hear someone say that there is Hedinghong, and he died after eating a little. Hedinghong is arsenic, and the toxicity of aflatoxin is 68 times that of Hedinghong, and 10 times that of potassium cyanide. Long term accumulation of such a small amount will damage the liver. The second is that it is a kind of carcinogen, 4000 times more carcinogenic than benzopyrene.
Commentary:
Then, the inspectors also found that aflatoxin B1 exceeded the standard in four other adulterated peanut oil samples, so six of the 19 samples exceeded the standard, and the unqualified rate of aflatoxin B1 exceeded 31%. Director Chen, who has been engaged in edible oil testing for many years, was surprised by this result.
Chen Zhiyong:
This ratio is a bit too high. We have never encountered such a situation. This is a required inspection item for normal enterprises before leaving the factory, and it must be inspected.
Commentary:
Aflatoxin B1 exists in soil, animals and plants, and various nuts, which is easy to pollute grain and oil crops such as peanuts, corn, wheat, and especially moldy peanuts. Regular peanut oil production enterprises must first strictly select peanut raw materials to prevent the use of moldy peanuts. But the reporter saw that in these oil workshops, peanut raw materials are usually stacked in the corner. When pressing oil, some oil workshops scatter peanuts directly on the ground, and shovel them directly into the oil press without any picking. Reporters can easily pick out some moldy peanuts and even clods of soil.
reporter:
Look, peanuts are also bad.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
Few are all good.
Commentary:
According to the national mandatory requirements for peanut oil production, peanut oil must be tested in batches before leaving the factory, especially for aflatoxin. However, these oil workshops do not have any product testing links.
Chen Zhiyong:
In the case of local squeezing, first of all, your raw materials do not have such a condition for preservation. There are also some problems with the storage of the oil you produce.
reporter:
The production and removal of aflatoxin are difficult to guarantee.
Chen Zhiyong:
Yes. It cannot be controlled. There is no condition to remove it.
Commentary:
The owners of these oil workshops are also well aware that they have no conditions to ensure that aflatoxin does not exceed the standard.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
Aflatoxin can't pass the test. I'll tell you what it is. You don't know, it's carcinogenic. If the private enterprise engages in those that all exceed the standard several times.
Commentary:
In the investigation, the reporter found that these oil workshops were seriously adulterated, and the quality and safety could not be guaranteed. In addition, the health situation was also worrying. Regular peanut oil production enterprises need to clean and disinfect production equipment such as presses and filters before and after each use, but the reporter saw that many oil pressing equipment in these oil workshops had accumulated thick oil dirt. The owner of the oil workshop said that these oil pressing equipment had not been cleaned once since they were bought.
reporter:
Is the oil clean when you do this?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
Clean and clean. You can rest assured that it is 100% clean.
Commentary:
In regular peanut oil production enterprises, peanut oil must be sealed for storage to prevent pollution and deterioration. The reporter noticed that the oil storage barrels in these oil workshops were not closed. When customers came, they had to open them at any time to fill oil, and they used recycled plastic bottles.
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
To be honest, everything we buy is a little bit. There are bacteria in the air.
Commentary:
It is understood that in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, routine and special inspections have been carried out on these peanut oil workshops for many times in recent years, and many batches of products have also been found unqualified. The unqualified items are mainly corruption and aflatoxin B1 exceeding the standard. Last year, Wuzhou Food and Drug Administration of Guangxi issued a notice specifically requiring that these peanut oil workshops must have the ability to quickly test aflatoxin indicators, otherwise they must send samples for testing, and batch testing is required, and the inspection report must be presented to consumers. The requirements of the notice are not strict. It has been issued for more than half a year. How is the actual implementation?
reporter:
Do you have the ability to detect aflatoxin yourself?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
We don't need to check ourselves. There is no such machine now.
Commentary:
The reporter investigated more than 20 peanut oil workshops in Wuzhou, Guangxi, and found that none of them had the self inspection ability of aflatoxin indicators, nor could they submit for inspection in batches, nor did any of them receive any punishment for this.
reporter:
You are required to conduct batch inspection. If you do not conduct batch inspection, you will not be fined?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
No. I don't usually come. That's it. Check it every day. It won't.
reporter:
They will not punish you if you have no test report?
Peanut Oil Workshop Owner:
No, what's the penalty.
Commentary:
In this way, the notice of Wuzhou Food and Drug Administration, posted in the oil workshop, is nothing but empty paper.
host:
Seeing is not always believing. Consumers can't realize effective supervision only by relying on their own eyes. In the final analysis, we must rely on law and a strong social supervision system to solve these problems. This system is not without. In fact, we have seen the notice of law enforcement agencies in illegal stores, but apparently this notice did not work. Why? What should I do? The relevant departments are obliged to answer this question. This is responsible for the consumers, but also responsible for their own. Because what we need is a law enforcer who can solve the problem, not a law enforcer who can only give notice.
Thank you for watching today's Focus Interview. bye.
