7 factors that enterprises must consider comprehensively in the process of development.
As a management tool from outside to inside, the five forces analysis model is analyzed from five aspects Enterprise structure The attractiveness, that is, competitiveness. The five aspects are the existing competitive situation of the industry supplier Bargaining power, customer bargaining power Alternative products Or the threat of services and new entrants. The strategic map is based on Balanced Scorecard The four levels of objectives (financial level, customer level, internal level, learning and growth level) of the Enterprise Strategy causal relationship Fig. Instead of being crowded market On（ Crimson Sea ）It is better to develop new and uncompetitive products than to compete fiercely Market space (Blue oceans). Some blue oceans are created outside the existing industries, but most of them are created through the red ocean Internal expansion already existing Industrial boundary And developed. “ Long tail theory ”It tells a story: products that were once considered marginal, underground and independent now occupy a common place market share , enough to compete with the best selling products. ERG theory It points out that there are three core needs of people, namely, the need for existence, the need for correlation and the need for growth and development.
It is a kind of management activity that focuses on and serves the goal, decomposes and implements the goal, and aims at achieving the goal successfully management 。 The management grid is a demonstration of identifying different combinations of various leadership styles, which shows that achievement A manager should give consideration to both his concern for others and his concern for others.
An autocratic leader has complete authority, decides everything by himself, and will not authorize subordinates; And a democratic leader is designating decision-making process They will give great power to their subordinates. “ Situational leadership ”Mode
"Situational leadership" mode: When leading and managing the company or team, we should not use the same method, but change the way of leadership and management as the situation and environment change and employees change.
Spiral of silence It describes such a phenomenon that when people express their own ideas and opinions, if they find that a certain idea is ignored or rarely understood, they will remain silent even if they agree with it. Group members in Collectivism Inspired by the spirit, it actively pursues the harmony and consensus of the group, but ignores the real decision-making purpose of the group, which makes it impossible to make accurate judgments. Delphi method is used to construct Team communication Process, to deal with complex task problems management technique 。 Johari Window
management tool The full name of LIFO is "Life Orientation", which includes personal internal values and explicit behavioral preferences. It is a combination of Modern management Integration of Organizational Psychology and Interpersonal Relations management training System. MBTI Personality Theory
MBTI （ Miles Myers Briggs Type Indicator , is a character test tools To measure and describe people's Psychological activities Regularity and Personality type 。 Career anchor is a learned part of self intention. When an individual enters the early work situation, it is determined by the acquired practical work experience, consistent with the motivation, values and talents of self-examination in the experience, and achieves a stable self satisfaction and compensation Career orientation 。 Industry training
Training Within Industry (TWI) can be used to develop business management Skills of personnel. Action Learning“ Learning by doing ”Is the cycle of learning through action learning process 。 Human resource maturity model
Human resource capability maturity model （People Capability Maturity Model， PCMM ）It's from Carnegie Mellon software engineering A management framework developed by SEI cpc Collaborative Product Commerce
Collaborative commerce It is a kind of incentive with common commercial interests Value chain Business strategy of partners on market Marketing personnel Comprehensive application and optimized combination of various Controllable factor To implement its Marketing objectives The controllable factor is 4P (product product; price price; place; promotion). 4C Marketing Mix
Marketing with the customer as the center should focus on and meet the customer's needs in cost and convenience, and strengthen communication with customers.
Positioning marketing is the process of finding different needs of customers, positioning reasonably, and constantly meeting them. The essence of positioning marketing is the re segmentation and positioning of consumers, markets, products, prices and advertising appeals.
A curve of smiling mouth, with both ends facing upwards, in the industrial chain, added value More reflected at both ends, design and sales, the manufacturing added value in the middle link is the lowest. Operation management tools
There are several definitions of BPR (Business Process Reengineering), among which the definitions of its founders, Michael Hammer and James Champion, are widely known.
Management experts Peter S. Pande, Robert P. Newman Roland R. In the book Six Sigma: The Ladder for Excellence co written by Kavana six sigma The following definition is given: a flexible integration Systematic approach , through which to obtain, maintain and maximize the success of the company. Six Thinking Hats is a thinking training mode developed by the British scholar Dr. Edward de Bono, or a model for comprehensive thinking.
"Lean production" was named in 1990 U.S.A Massachusetts Institute of Technology D. RoosJ.P.WomackD.Jones The Machine that Changes the World One book. Supply chain management (SCM) is an integrated Management thought And methods. 5S management refers to Production site Align personnel, machines, materials, methods, etc production factors conduct effective management Method. Financial instruments
Activity Based Costing (Activity based Costing) is referred to as ABC, which refers to the recognition and measurement of cost drivers based on activities Workload , and then allocate based on workload Overhead Of Costing method 。 Wall Marking Way Refers to the selected Financial ratios use linear relationship Combine them together, and give their respective proportion of scores, and then compare with the standard ratio to determine the score of each indicator and the cumulative score of the overall indicator, so as to evaluate the credit level of enterprises. Net present value method
net present value (Net Present Value) is the future generated by an investment cash flow Discount value and project of Investment cost The difference between. Leveraged Buy out (LBO) is a kind of enterprise Financial means 。 The Du Pont System
DuPont financial analysis The Du Pont System is a practical financial analysis system. IT technology tools
ERP
ERP is not only a software, but more importantly a Management thought , which enables enterprises to Internal resources Enterprise related External resources Integration of. CRM Customer Relationship Management
CRM (Customer Relationship Management， customer relationship management ）Its core idea is to focus on "customers" and improve Customer satisfaction , improve Customer relationship So as to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. Career planning tools
lifo system
The full name of LIFO is "Life Orientation", which includes personal intrinsic values and explicit behavioral preferences. It is a comprehensive management training system combining modern management, organizational psychology and interpersonal relations.
MBTI Personality Theory
MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator) is a personality testing tool, which is used to measure and describe the psychological activity rules and personality types of people in obtaining information, making decisions, treating life, etc.
Professional anchor
Career anchor is a learned part of self intention. When an individual enters the early work situation, it is determined by the acquired practical work experience, consistent with the motivation, values and talents of self reflection in experience, and achieves a stable career orientation of self satisfaction and compensation.
On premise deployment tool: applicable to complex sales Salary management [1] Online leasing tool: suitable for medium scale salary management [2]
customer relationship management
It can help companies understand their customer base and quickly customer demand It is the most popular management tool in Chinese companies to respond to the changes of. 62% of the respondents have used this tool, indicating that they have realized that Customer information Is becoming more and more important. However, although customer relationship management It is already the most popular management tool in China Usage Higher. 75% of all companies surveyed use this tool. This ratio is Asia It is even higher in other countries, reaching 85%. In China, customer relationship management is a management tool with the lowest abandonment rate, and only 1% of enterprises stop using this tool. Methods for improving quality
Its popularity in China ranks second. 60% of the respondents Investigation company Used Total quality Management tools are very close to the global usage rate of 61%, but lower than 72% in other Asian countries. Although the utilization rate of TQM is very high in China, it does not rank among the top 10 in any other region. In China, if the enterprise is committed to using the tool of total quality management Satisfaction It even ranks second among all management tools. However, if the attention and energy paid are limited, the satisfaction of its use will be much lower. This reflects the general trend of using management tools: greater efforts will lead to higher satisfaction than less efforts. This also shows that management tools should not be implemented perfunctorily at all. about Senior managers For example, before deciding which management tool to use and how much effort to use them, we must understand: for each management tool, how much more effort will increase the benefits? This process divides customers into different groups, and customers of the same group have similar characteristics. It identifies the unsatisfied customer demand It is an effective way to solve this problem. 54% of Chinese enterprises use this tool, and this tool Global enterprises The utilization rate of is 72%, and 78% in other regions of Asia. However, the ranking of customer segmentation in China's utilization rate is higher than that of other surveyed companies in Asia. It ranks 9th in other Asian countries. In China, customer relationship management is the most popular management tool, which fully demonstrates that China's Senior managers Think that the understanding of customers is an important factor for success. One part of the survey is to ask respondents' views on a series of management trends. More than three quarters of the respondents in China agree with the following statement: "The lack of sufficient insight into customers is our promotion achievement " At the same time, 70% of people think their company mainly focuses on New customers In fact, we should focus on how to retain and develop existing customers. outsource It is the use of third-party organizations to complete some non core functions.
It allows companies to focus on what they do best. However, although 49% of Chinese enterprises surveyed will outsource some activities, the proportion is still far below the global level of 73%. However, like CRM, Chinese enterprises seem to be very satisfied with their outsourcing experience. The abandonment rate of both tools is only 1%. A very interesting phenomenon is that in other countries, overseas operations are outsourcing related activities, but the probability of Chinese enterprises abandoning overseas operations is very high.
Skills for competitive advantage
One way to test this tool is to ask yourself, "How difficult is it for competitors to imitate or acquire these skills and collective knowledge?" controller I like to use core competence as a tool to invest heavily in strengths that can make the organization unique and united. Core competence is the fifth most popular management tool in China, but its popularity in other parts of the world is slightly lower. It ranks 7th in the world, 10th in other parts of Asia and 11th in Europe.
six supply chain management It is synchronized with the huge network formed from raw materials to final customers. This kind of management tool has a great impact on the technical dependence Very strong, can form a continuous information flow To help enterprises deliver the right products to the right place at the right time and cost. because Supply chain Increasingly globalization And complexity, China's Senior managers They are also very willing to admit that they need the help of this management tool. Only 39% of the respondents agree with the following statement: "We have the ability to effectively manage the global supply chain." There are three management tools listed in the top 10 in terms of utilization in China, but not in the global list, including supply chain management This tool. Strategic planning is a systematic and comprehensive approach.
Decide what an enterprise should be like and how to best achieve this goal. This tool focuses on the actions and resources needed by the company to fully realize its potential. Although China's Senior managers Generally speaking strategic planning The result is quite satisfactory (on the 5-point scale Satisfaction Under the scoring system, when great efforts are made, the score of strategic planning reaches 4.02 Emergencies There is little interest in planning such a related management tool. These two management tools are one of the least used by Chinese companies. . operation flow Reengineering is a fundamental redesign of business processes. In order to improve production efficiency , cycle time and quality. 35% of Chinese companies surveyed use this tool, and the global use rate is 61%. However, many companies have abandoned this tool. The abandonment rate of management tools reflects the percentage of companies that have used a management tool at least once in the five years before 2004 but stopped using it in 2004 percentage 。 In China Senior managers Among the management tools that have been discontinued, BPR ranks fifth. Only overseas operation RFID The abandonment rate of open market innovation, scenario assumptions and emergency planning is higher than it. knowledge management Is to enable enterprises to obtain Intellectual capital This key strategic asset is shared internally as a management tool. Because China strives to establish a knowledge economy The importance of this tool is growing. Among the Chinese companies surveyed, knowledge management is a very popular management tool. 35% said they used this tool, but its global usage rate did not rank in the top 10. The mission statement and the vision statement define a company's business, objectives and ways to achieve them.
Among the Chinese companies surveyed, 35% will use this tool to point out the direction and guide the companies management layer Think about strategy. In other regions of Asia, the use rate of mission statement and vision statement is much higher, and 89% of companies will use this tool. 1. Enterprise vs Management thought Or the tool itself is not understood thoroughly, just mechanically copying the tool or one-sided understanding and application. 2. Corporate Senior managers Not giving enough attention, determination and promotion! As a result, the reform cannot be carried out smoothly. 3. The idea and pace of each organization department in the enterprise system are inconsistent, and internal friction is too large, resulting in slow progress in the construction of management tools or failure to play its original role after completion.
4. The internal executive level of the enterprise or even the whole staff is not very good Learning management The tool shall be innovatively applied in combination with the actual situation of the enterprise.
5. The senior management of the enterprise Expectations are too high They did not make good preparations for the long-term promotion of the enterprise and formed a process to make strategy a sustainable process. 
