Marduk is the god of the late generationAkkadianName, from ancient timesMesopotamia, YesBabylonTutelary deityMain GodandBabyloniaThe national god of.Initially asthunderstormIt's said that he subdued the monster that caused the original chaosDiamatLater, he became the leader of the gods.Marduk's horoscope is Jupiter;His sacred animals are horses, dogs, and a forked tongueAngry SnakeThe city wall of Babylon was decorated with this image of an angry snake.
sinceHammurabiAge (18th century BC),BabylonbecomeEuphrates RiverAt the time of the political center of the river basin, Marduk began to rise slowly to the position of the head of the gods, and fully possessed this position in the second half of the first two thousand years.Marduk lives inBabylonEsagila (English: Esagila).
In the idealAstrologyIn the system, Marduk has been associated with Jupiter since the time of Hammurabi.
myth
Announce
edit
Akkadian period
Marduk, the "god of war", was the god of war in the ancient Sumei Akkad period and the god of the city states of Babylon.Its name "Marduk" isAkkadianIt seems to come from the Sumerian "Amar Utuk", meaning "the youngest son of Utu".Its name is sometimes called "Mar Dooku", meaning "son of Dooku".enki Born in Apsu, the eldest son ofGrainsAnd make it rich, determine the orbit of all celestial bodies, and determine the fate of mankind. It is respected as "the creator of all things,Jupiter, the leader of Wanfang, is regarded asJupiterThe avatar of.According to the literature of the middle 3000 BC, Marduk was regarded as the god who conquered Babylon;Ur Third Dynasty(about the 22nd century BC).untilThe First Dynasty of BabylonDuring the period (about 19th century BC - 16th century BC), Marduk was worshipped as the main god, and his position was above the gods.[1]
Babylonian Period
Marduk
The archetype of Marduk's character is not clear, but later it was associated with the attributes of water, plants, judgment and magic.His consort was the goddess Sarpani.At the same time, he is also regarded asWater godenki With the son of the mother god Damgarnuna, the god of heavenAnu The heirs of.althoughEuphrates RiverWatershedPolitical developmentsThese political developments also led people at that time to endow Marduk with the characteristics of the gods that belonged to the head of the early gods.For example, Enji and Enlil, the two gods, were given their strength and attributes to Marduk.
As far as Enji was concerned, Marduk's replacement for him evolved peacefully, and in the process, Enji's achievements were not obliterated.Marduk accepted the identity of Asaruludu and became Enji's son, the god of magic.Since Enki and Asaruludu both came from Elidu, Marduk was also integrated into the ranks of the gods of Elidu.The father Enji realized the superiority of his son's ability and gave him his control over human beings.This connection between Marduk and Enki primarily indicates the religion that Eli had once enjoyedpolitical centerThe transfer of Babylonia's position to Babylon also implied that Babylonia's early dependence on Elidus was not necessarily due to a certain political figure, but rather to the Euphrates River Basin from south to northCultural communication。This kind of communication has also created the old generation of center Eridu and the new generation of center Babylon.
Because Enki and Marduk had a harmonious relationship, the father chose to abdicate peacefully in order to support his son. However, MardukNippurThe replacement of the power and privilege of Enlil, the patron saint, was at the expense of the reputation of the other party.At the beginning of the 19th century, Babylon was only a small city state when it became independentMesopotamiaThe more ancient and powerful city states such as Issing, Larsa, and Assyria are covered up.However, since Hammurabi established his empire in the 18th century, Babylon has become a dominant city-state in the south. At the same time, worship of Marduk also made Enlil's status dim.Although laterBabyloniaUnder the rule of the Gahite people (about 1595-1157 BC), the worship of Nipur and Enlil revived for more than four centuries, but in the battle with Enlil, Marduk finally won an eternal victory.
In the 18th century BCHammurabiBabylon becameMesopotamiaAt this time, the patron god of Babylon was also elevated to the status of the supreme god.BabylonianCreation epicEnuma Elish records how Marduk seized the power.The poem describes the birth of MardukHeroic deedsAnd himGod of godsThis can be regarded as a kind of Mesopotamiaapologists Form of.Marduk's 50 names are also included in this epic.
Marduk and Angry Snake
In the record of Enuma Elish, the civil war between gods reached its climax.The gods of Anunnaki worked together to find a god who could help them win the war.At this time, young Marduk responded to the call to join the war, and the reward of his success was that he would be respected as the head of the gods.
In order to prepare for the battle, Marduk forged a strong bow, which was equipped with arrow feathersNail hammer, cast thunder and lightning before the battle, and store fire in the body.He built a huge net to encircle Diamatt, gathered all the winds to make her unable to get away, and then brought whirlwindtornadoWait for seven evil winds, and use his most powerful weapon - rain flood - to attack Diamatt.Then he stepped onto the stormy chariot and went to fight. He also filled the mouths of the four horses who were pulling the chariot with poison, while he had a charm in his mouth and antidote herbs in his hand.
At first, Marduk challenged the head of Anunnaki's god, Longdiamat of the Original Sea.In a duelTarschThe trap made her fall into the net, and then manipulated the storm to blow up her body. FinallyAn arrowPierce her belly and defeat her.
Battle with Tiamat
Then, the commander appointed by Marduk and TiamatJin GuIn the battle, he unreasonably took the fate of Jin Gu wearing on his chestClay tablet(English: Tablets of Destiny), seal your mark on it and hang it on your chest.Later, under the rule of Marduk, God had leisure and leisure, while human beings were born withThe burden of life。
When Marduk is portrayed as an adult, he usually has a symbol taken over from Tishpak (English: Tishpak)serpent-dragon (i.eAngry Snake）Another symbol of Marduk is the shovel.
Babylonian literature records that Eli Du was the first city created by Marduk, and called it“Holy City, the happy dwelling place of the gods ".
Naboo, the god of wisdom and writing, is the son of Marduk.
