Ceruloplasmin（ceruloplasmin, CER), also known as copper oxidase, is a copper containingαtwoglycoproteinThe molecular weight is about 120000 - 160000, which is not easy to purify.It is a single chain polypeptide, each molecule contains 6-7 copper atoms, which is blue because of copper, contains about 10% sugarsialic acidIt is connected with polypeptide chain and has genetic genesPolymorphism。Its function is to adjust the distribution of copper in various parts of the body and synthesize copper containingEnzyme protein, withantioxidantAnd hasoxidaseActive, rightpolyphenolAnd polyamine substrates have the ability to catalyze its oxidation.It is generally believed that ceruloplasmin is synthesized by the liver, partially excreted by the biliary tract, and the content in urine is very small.Ceruloplasmin determinationIt has certain significance in the diagnosis of some liver, gallbladder, kidney and other diseases.
CER hasoxidaseActivity ofpolyphenolAnd polyamine substrates have the ability to catalyze its oxidation.Recent studies suggest that CER can catalyze the oxidation of Fe2 to Fe3.There are different views on whether CER is the carrier of copper.Although 95% of the copper content in serum is in the non diffusion state of CER, 5% of the copper content in the dialysis state is absorbed by the intestinal tube and transported to the liver, and it penetrates into the CER in the liverCarrier protein(apoprotein)sialic acidCombination, final releaseBlood circulation。CER can be regarded as nontoxic copper in blood circulationGratitude bank。Cells can use copper in CER molecule to synthesize copper containingEnzyme protein, for exampleMonoamine oxidase、Ascorbic acid oxidaseEtc.
effect
Another research result in recent years believes that CER plays an important role inantioxidantRole of.The antioxidant activity of CER in the blood circulation can preventlipid peroxideandFree radicalIt is important for the production of TNF, especially in inflammation.
Plasma CER in infectiontraumaandtumourIncrease when.Its most special role is to assist in the diagnosis of Wilson's disease, that is, the plasma CER content of patients is significantly reduced, while the plasma dialyzable copper content is increased.Most patients can haveliver functionDamage withnervous systemIf not treated in time, the disease is progressive and fatal, so it should be diagnosed in time and copperChelating agent-Penicillaminetreatment.Plasma CER atinnutrition, severe liver disease andNephrotic syndromeTime also tends to decline.womanPregnancy、Oral contraceptivesIts content increased obviously.
⑥ Pregnancy under physiological conditions,Oral contraceptives, CER can also be increased.
⑦ There is no consensus on the changes of ceruloplasmin in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Theoretically,HepatocyteThe blood concentration should be reduced when damaged, but RUSSO et al measured 54 cases of chronic activityhepatopathySerum ceruloplasmin did not decrease in any patient, but increased in nearly half of the patientsHepatolenticular degenerationTime is different.
⑧ Helps to differentiate cirrhosis fromliver cancer，Primary liver cancerThe probability of serum ceruloplasmin being higher than normal was>8.3% in patients with liver cirrhosis and 12% in patients with liver cirrhosis
⑤ It can be seen in severe hypoproteinemia, nephrotic syndrome, etc.
⑥ Diagnosis of hepatolenticular degeneration: the ceruloplasmin in this disease is significantly reduced, which may be due to the excessive deposition of copper in the liver andBasal nucleusOr it is caused by the disorder of ceruloplasmin synthesis.
