Hello, Sina netizens!

Host: Famous doctors gather to talk about people's health. Good afternoon, all Sina netizens. Welcome to the famous doctor hall broadcast live by Sina Health and China Medical Forum. I'm Cui Yinmo. While broadcasting the program, you can communicate with our experts through our interactive platform. 80% - 90% of patients with liver cancer will experience a trilogy from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis to liver cancer. The harm of hepatitis can be seen, and patients with liver cirrhosis should be alert. July 28 is the World Hepatitis Day. The theme of this year's Hepatitis Day is to stay away from cirrhosis and prevent liver cancer. On the occasion of the Third World Liver Cancer Day, a famous doctor was specially invited to talk about the topic of liver cirrhosis. Professor Wei Lai, director of the Department of Hepatology of Peking University People's Hospital, was also the vice president of Peking University People's Hospital and the director of Peking University Institute of Hepatology. Hello, Professor Wei!

Wei Lai: Hello, netizens.

Host: Professor Wei, as soon as your name came out, we felt very hopeful and saw the future at once. First of all, we consulted a case. A 39 year old young man named Zhang Xiang was from Liaocheng, Shandong Province. He worked in Qiqihar City. He felt faint pain on his right side and went to the hospital for examination. He found that the problem was not small. Not only did the young man get hepatitis B, but also he had developed cirrhosis. He was surprised and wanted to ask if Zhang Xiang, who accidentally thought there were no major problems, suddenly found many cases of cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: There are still many cases in clinical practice. There is no obvious manifestation in the early stage of cirrhosis. There may be some manifestations that are not intentional. Once they appear, they are more serious. In the early stage, he may have no performance, or the performance does not represent the performance of the liver. This performance can occur in any other disease, or even in the absence of disease. For example, the patient feels very weak and tired. If there is cirrhosis, the performance indicates that the patient's cirrhosis is already very serious. Therefore, cirrhosis does not develop in a day. The key to cirrhosis is to make early diagnosis. You must not wait until the symptoms appear before going to the hospital for diagnosis.

Compere: It's easy to ignore these performances. Every day, everyone will cry tired and feel that they are sub healthy or not well rested. I didn't expect such a serious disease. I want to know that most of us may have a physical examination every year. Cirrhosis always develops slowly from the beginning. If there was no such problem last year, could it be found early in this year's physical examination?

Wei Lai: If we have physical examination every year, we will find out whether the disease related to cirrhosis is developing. Because we talk about the treatment of liver disease in the hospital. The purpose of the treatment of liver disease is to prevent patients from developing cirrhosis. For example, our theme today is to stay away from cirrhosis. If treatment is not timely, cirrhosis will occur. Will cirrhosis still occur in the annual physical examination? On the one hand, the purpose of annual physical examination is to find cirrhosis in the early stage, and the more important purpose is to see whether the diseases that develop into cirrhosis are controlled by us. This is the main purpose of physical examination.

Host: Maybe we don't have cirrhosis after physical examination. We may have a disease that causes cirrhosis. We should treat it in time. The development of cirrhosis is not very fast and can be controlled in the early stage. Why does Zhang Xiang, as we said in our case, feel uncomfortable only after he has developed cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: This is the most common reason. He thinks that a disease may develop into cirrhosis. Personally, he thinks that I may not develop into cirrhosis. He does not have regular inspection and treatment in time, and there is no treatment without regular inspection. Of course, on the one hand, he may be too busy with his work.

This reminds us that one of the problems is which causes may lead to cirrhosis. People with these causes should go to the hospital for physical examination in time to find out whether the disease is stable, unstable, or developing, so that they can be treated in time. Another advantage of physical examination is that we can see whether the treatment is effective or not.

Host: What causes cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: There are many reasons for cirrhosis, at least ten of which are caused by virus infection in our country, including hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Mr. Zhang Qiang just mentioned is the infection of hepatitis B virus.

The common reason in northern areas is drinking. In addition to this reason, immune liver disease, drug liver disease caused by long-term consumption of some drugs, parasitic infection, and liver disease caused by metabolic disorder.

We can take a look at the changes of cirrhosis in Beijing that we have done and the main reasons. As can be seen from this picture, in 2004, the main cause of liver cirrhosis in Beijing was hepatitis B HBe, the second was drinking alcohol, and the third was hepatitis C.

By 2009, the first factor was hepatitis B, and the proportion of alcohol increased, from 26.06% in 2004 to 37.16% in 2009, including hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, and primary cholesterol cirrhosis. On the one hand, this figure tells us what causes the most common cirrhosis, and on the other hand, it tells us that some cirrhosis will be reversed to some extent after effective treatment, early detection and treatment.

Host: In addition to the reasons you mentioned, what other people are more likely to suffer from cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: People related to these problems, such as hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis C virus infection. Alcoholism refers to alcohol, not the milliliters of alcohol, but the content of alcohol.

In addition to these factors, in fact, in this population, which people are prone to cirrhosis is the main consideration. Because hepatitis B virus does not all develop into cirrhosis, the key is to find it at an early stage. If he has this disease, he will develop into cirrhosis without timely treatment and control. It usually takes five years, even ten or twenty years.

Host: As you said, if people find that they have this problem, they may actively treat it. The problem is that some people feel that they can drink especially, and they may relax their vigilance. They think that I will not get drunk when drinking, and there is no feeling of special discomfort. Can these people avoid cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: Alcohol tolerance is different. Some people have higher tolerance and some people have lower tolerance. The actual damage to the liver caused by alcohol is not related to whether we are drunk or not. Some people are not drunk, which does not mean that the liver is not damaged.

Compere: Sometimes people who can drink are more injured because they drink more?

Wei Lai: Yes. Because I drink a lot, on the other hand, I feel I can drink without discomfort, and I don't pay attention to the protection of the liver.

Compere: Such people should check their livers regularly to see if they are healthy?

Wei Lai: You are right. We should constantly check hepatitis B, and we should control it. The hepatitis B virus cannot be completely eliminated. For alcohol, on the one hand, it is physical examination, and the more important factor is not to drink so much alcohol.

Host: In addition to cirrhosis, there is a word "liver fibrosis". I wonder if cirrhosis and liver fibrosis are the same thing?

Wei Lai: Liver fibrosis is a very big concept. Liver cirrhosis is a part of liver fibrosis. The ultimate result of liver fibrosis is cirrhosis.

Liver fibrosis has four stages, and cirrhosis is the highest stage of liver fibrosis. In clinical practice, the cause of liver fibrosis can be found, such as hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. As long as timely treatment is given, the progress of liver fibrosis will be delayed, become very slow, or even stop. In some cases, it will return.

Compere: It is reversible.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Host: Just now, I have been talking about hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Will all liver diseases, except for these two diseases, develop into cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: Not all of them. Some liver diseases are self limiting and can heal themselves. For example, hepatitis A can recover by itself in four weeks, eight weeks and twelve weeks, and these patients will not become cirrhosis patients.

Moderator: In each episode of the program, we have always emphasized the "prevention of disease". Can we control him before he gets sick. In the case mentioned earlier, Zhang Qiang did not pay attention to any trace of his disease before. If we pay more attention to ourselves in life, how should we catch the signal of liver hardening from the trace?

Wei Lai: The most important thing is to see the development of your disease. When your disease is mentioned, hepatitis A and hepatitis E will not change. These two diseases are acute diseases. In other words, as long as it is a chronic liver disease, it may develop into cirrhosis. You just mentioned the clues. This clues are indeed clues, which were not significant in the early days. It refers to the original chronic liver disease, which is developing bit by bit. For example, we can look at transaminase, we can look at jaundice, we can look at B-ultrasound. If transaminase is always unstable, it means that the liver is always damaged, which is easy to become cirrhosis. At the stage of liver cirrhosis, transaminase is normal again, so we must look at the early stage. If we continue to destroy it in the early stage, we may get liver cirrhosis. If there is jaundice, it will be like this.

Host: It's a professional question. Should we keep the physical examination form every year and compare it?

Wei Lai: What you said is very important. Just now you mentioned to treat "no disease". "No disease" is a disease that has not yet occurred and has already been sick, but we are talking about liver cirrhosis. You just said that it is important to keep the physical examination form, because in the process of disease development, sometimes there is no evidence of liver cirrhosis. But his physical examination report this year has changed compared with last year, and last year has changed compared with the year before last. If this happens for three consecutive years, you should be very careful.

Host: For the common people, many people have ignored this method. They all think that I may pay attention to the signal. Do I often feel tired or something recently? This signal is easily disturbed. As Professor Wei said today, if we can keep this thing and regularly find professionals to show it to us, we can catch these signals.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Host: When it comes to liver disease, everyone is afraid. They think that liver disease can be transmitted. Can all liver diseases be transmitted? Can cirrhosis be contagious?

Wei Lai: Cirrhosis itself is not infectious. The causes of cirrhosis are infectious, but the causes of cirrhosis are not all infectious. Hepatitis B and C are infectious. Alcoholic cirrhosis is not infectious. Hepatitis B and C are transmitted through blood, and are separated from eating, breathing and wheezing. For example, the respiratory tract infection caused by SARS a few years ago, so we must wear masks.

For hepatitis B and C, it is useless to wear a mask. There is no need to wear a mask. Wearing a mask will not be infectious, and it is mainly transmitted through blood. Blood infection is mainly transmitted through blood transfusion, or sometimes without changing the needle with a syringe. It is also transmitted from mother to child, as well as unclean sexual behavior. In addition to these factors, other factors can be ignored, and the current evidence does not prove that it is infectious.

Host: The infection of liver disease is not as terrible as we think. It can be avoided in the daily life of ordinary people, including the alcoholic liver you just mentioned, as long as you don't infect this lifestyle. We want to know what is the diagnostic index of cirrhosis? How to prove that this person has liver cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: When the term "cirrhosis" first came into being, it was a slight tissue in the liver tissue, which divided the normal liver tissue. This is called cirrhosis. For the average person, and for the average doctor, the average patient, not all of them do liver tissue examinations, and not all of them do liver punctures. Therefore, liver punctures are not necessary for the early diagnosis of cirrhosis.

Some manifestations can help us to diagnose liver cirrhosis. For example, we can do B-ultrasound. We can find that the light spot of the liver is getting rougher and rougher. Only the light spot is rough, not cirrhosis. The light spot of the liver is getting rougher and uneven, and the surface of the liver is not too smooth. This situation should be liver cirrhosis.

Another method is to check the elasticity of the liver. It is very simple to use a probe. The probe is the size of a pen cap, and it is pressed on the surface of a person's liver. I am not talking about opening the stomach. On the surface of the skin, the part of the liver is pressed on the top, which can be measured.

Let's take a look at this picture. You can see that there is a probe here. Use this probe to press your hand against your abdomen. The probe is as thick as a pen. It doesn't hurt. It is stuck here and sends out a wave. The wave goes into the liver and bounces back. It can be measured here. According to a value, we can know whether the patient has cirrhosis or not.

Compere: It's a little like the B-scan.

Wei Lai: Yes, just like B-mode ultrasound, there is no image of B-mode ultrasound, and several values can be obtained to determine whether he has cirrhosis or not. For blood routine test, the platelet is abnormal and lower than before, which may indicate the existence of cirrhosis.

Host: Just mentioned is non-invasive examination. Most patients like non-invasive examination. Liver puncture sounds scary. How about the effect of non-invasive examination? Is it the same effect as liver puncture?

Wei Lai: So far, liver puncture is an irreplaceable method for diagnosing liver cirrhosis and fibrosis. It does not mean that this method is perfect. Compared with this method, any other method cannot be 100% accurate. We can see that this method can achieve 80% - 85% compared with liver tissue examination, which means that 85% of people may no longer need to do liver puncture if this method is used. After doing this, we can't grasp the value, and the critical value always fluctuates, so we suggest that liver puncture be done again.

Host: Most people can make a clear diagnosis through non-invasive diagnosis.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Moderator: Now some netizens are asking questions through our platform. Let's take a look at the netizens' questions first.

Netizen: Hello! Recently, I did liver fiber examination and liver function hepatitis B three series qualitative analysis, and the results showed that the liver function was normal, the indicators of hepatitis B three series were all negative, but the surface antibody was positive (no vaccine, not only when it was infected), liver fiber examination laminin 185 greatly exceeded the target line, hyaluronic acid and other two indicators were good, do you need to do other tests? thank you.

Wei Lai: The first one has to say that his immune function is very good. If he has not been vaccinated against hepatitis B, now he has found hepatitis B surface antibodies, which means that he has produced antibodies after infection with hepatitis B. This kind of situation can exist in adults. For example, when we catch a cold, we produce antibodies, and then we get over the cold.

The infection rate of hepatitis B in our country is relatively high. Most people were infected when they were young, but they did not get sick when they were young. They got sick when they were older. Therefore, if adults are infected with hepatitis B, our adult immune function is good, and we will produce antibodies to eliminate the hepatitis B virus.

In his examination, the netizen mentioned the detection of fibrosis in the examination. We talked about the detection of fibrosis. Now there are many factors affecting these indicators, so we can't just look at this indicator. For example, if he does not drink, his anti hepatitis B antibody is positive. In this case, the doctor will show the patient several test sheets, and never pay special attention to any index of a test sheet. Of course, I'm not talking about doctors. Doctors are concerned about abnormal immune indicators. If a friend finds that his or her indicators are abnormal, ask the doctor.

Compere: This netizen should not have too big a problem.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Netizen: Hello! I am now suffering from severe fatty liver. How should I pay attention to it?

Wei Lai: With our current development, fatty liver is even more complicated than hepatitis B. We now have many drugs for hepatitis B, which can be treated well. Why is fatty liver complicated? Whether fatty liver itself causes liver inflammation is one aspect.

Second, the degree of inflammation is related to treatment. Anyway, as long as there is fatty liver, these points are very important during treatment. For the treatment of fatty liver, if it is caused by alcohol, the main treatment is to quit drinking. If fatty liver is a nonalcoholic fatty liver with too much food, you should eat less and use more. Of course, you can also take medicine, but taking medicine is not as good as keeping your mouth shut.

Moderator: He mainly focuses on living habits, and more attention may be enough.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Netizen: Hello, I am a carrier of hepatitis B virus. For six years, the doctor has said nothing every year. Now there are many red spots on my body. What's the matter?

Wei Lai: The relationship between the red dots and the liver itself has not been studied to prove that it must have an inevitable relationship. I think this netizen's approach is good. Everyone should pay attention to checking their bodies through one of the clues mentioned by the host just now. This should be advocated. If you find any abnormality, you should check it immediately.

The number of carriers who have developed cirrhosis is very small. As we all know, the number of hepatitis B virus carriers in China was about 10% before, but now only 7.8%. You think if we calculate it by 10%, one in ten people will have hepatitis B virus. But when we get old, the main diseases that cause our life danger are still heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and of course, tumors. It is not that when we finally have life danger, one in ten people is cirrhosis and one is liver cancer. Therefore, most carriers will not develop.

Hong Kong, our country, once did a study. It was difficult for carriers to do liver punctures. He did many liver punctures, and 57 carriers did many liver punctures. The liver tissue basically remained unchanged. Most of the liver tissue of the carrier is stable. I don't mean not to check, but to check, because there are still some carriers who can move.

Netizen: I would like to ask that hepatitis B virus carriers have been checked every year for nearly 20 years. Now, the liver virus is 10 to the fifth power. Do you need treatment? I have asked many doctors that they don't need treatment, but just pay attention. I don't know how to maintain it. What can't I eat? Is hepatitis B virus carrier a precursor of cirrhosis? thank you.

Wei Lai: Let me answer his last question first. Will hepatitis B virus carriers develop cirrhosis? it will be. However, this proportion is very small. The proportion is 0.9, 0.3 and 0.2 every year to five years. The probability of this kind of patients developing cirrhosis is very low.

If there is a virus on the body, the netizen just said that if there is a virus, cirrhosis and liver cancer are likely to occur, because the virus itself is a cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. It may cause inflammation, cirrhosis, and may not cause inflammation, or cause very light inflammation, which will slowly develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Regular physical examination is also required, and timely treatment is required if the condition changes.

As for how to treat it, some people say that no treatment is needed now. In fact, it should be said that treatment is needed, but unfortunately, all the drugs that are useful for hepatitis B virus are only useful when there is inflammatory activity. If there is no inflammatory activity, the carrier's drug is useless. So in other words, there is no medicine available.

Compere: He can only pay attention to it by himself.

Wei Lai: It can only be checked regularly. If there is activity, there is a tendency to re treat cirrhosis.

Compere: So what should we pay attention to when eating in this situation?

Wei Lai: The most important thing to pay attention to in terms of diet is not to drink. Other people, whether eating or working, are the same as normal people.

But one thing you should pay attention to is that now, whether in our country or in Europe and the United States, we often eat some health care products. I used to think that the Chinese loved health care products. In fact, Americans also love them, and Europeans also love them, and they call these things complementary therapy. There are more than 2000 kinds of supplementary treatment lists to be listed. As I mentioned in the United States, there are more than 2000 kinds of lists for individual studies in the United States.

In fact, some of the ingredients in this health care product are very clear and some are not clear. This kind of product is not suitable for hepatitis B carriers. If I want to protect my liver, some people will say how can I protect it? I said eating a good meal is the best way to protect the liver. Because we can supplement protein and vitamins by eating.

Moderator: This may be the safest and most reliable way.

Wei Lai: In other words, the things you used to eat when you were young are the safest things for you.

Compere: Remember your words.

Netizen: How long can I live at most and at least in the middle stage of cirrhosis? Is there a time limit?

Wei Lai: That's a good question. In the middle stage of cirrhosis, it depends mainly on whether he has complications. If cirrhosis has no complications, if he is caused by hepatitis B virus at this time, as long as we give him drugs, 50% - 70% of people will return after one year, three years, and five years of treatment. So I think it is difficult to answer how long he can live, It may also live for a long time.

Host: As we said, it can be cured.

Wei Lai: His cure is not enough. The cure of hepatitis B is to eliminate the virus, which is called cure. But with the current treatment method, the virus can not be completely eliminated. We say it is a control.

Compere: As long as the control is good, the impact on his life is not particularly great.

Wei Lai: Yes. This situation may take medicine for a lifetime. We are talking about hepatitis B. It is hard to say if it is alcoholic liver disease in the middle stage. The liver cirrhosis caused by alcoholic liver disease is to give up drinking, and the liver will not return. It can only progress more slowly. Don't drink so much wine. It's good to drink less and promote blood circulation.

Host: So many netizens have just asked questions about early detection of cirrhosis. How can we find early cirrhosis?

Wei Lai: First, do I have the cause of liver cirrhosis? For example, do I have hepatitis B virus, do I have hepatitis C virus, do I drink too much wine, and do I take some medicine for a long time because it will damage the liver. Whether I can't control fatty liver, whether I have autoimmune hepatitis, etc. So we should know whether we have such factors.

Second, I went to have a regular physical examination. Only these two points are the most important.

Host: Remember your two points. It is not very difficult to find cirrhosis early. How to judge the severity of cirrhosis? If I already have one, how can I know whether I am seriously ill or not?

Wei Lai: The most important and fundamental sign of liver cirrhosis is liver cirrhosis and its own liver tissue, but it is sometimes difficult to do this. So it is mainly about the influence of liver cirrhosis on the body. For example, the most direct function of the liver is good. There are two typical manifestations of liver function, one is whether there is fatigue, the second is whether there is good digestion. The first manifestation of good digestion is abdominal distension. Grasping these two points can help patients remind them.

Of course, some patients have serious cirrhosis, and cirrhosis complications, such as bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and jaundice, are always persistent. At this time, treatment is often difficult.

Host: We heard that patients with liver cirrhosis often die from complications. Just now you mentioned these complications. Which are the most serious complications?

Wei Lai: The most serious complication of cirrhosis is liver cancer, because cirrhosis will develop into liver cancer. Another complication is that it will cause the most deaths, not liver cancer, but gastrointestinal bleeding. It is possible that after gastrointestinal bleeding, life may be in danger due to the large amount of bleeding.

So the most serious complication is liver cancer, but it is bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, and of course, hepatic encephalopathy.

Host: Just now, early cirrhosis is partly reversible. Is it possible to cure it?

Wei Lai: There are some cases of liver cirrhosis. For example, for hepatitis B and cirrhosis of hepatitis B, the so-called heart treatment will return some people, called prevention. After treatment, the incidence of liver cirrhosis complications and liver cancer will be reduced. For hepatitis B, the most important thing is to take medicine, mainly to control the virus, so that the damage of the virus to the liver, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer will be much less.

Compere: How to choose antiviral drugs?

Wei Lai: Now there are many antiviral drugs in our country. For hepatitis B, there are six drugs available in hospitals in our country, including two categories, one is interferon, the other is oral medicine, and interferon is injection medicine. Interferons include ordinary interferon and long-acting interferon. In theory, the choice of drugs has the strongest effect on inhibiting the virus. We use drugs to suppress the virus, so the choice of drugs to suppress the virus is the strongest, and this drug has no side effects. Because western medicine will cause virus resistance, so the resistance rate will be very low, and of course it will be cheap.

The problem is that the drugs we are talking about do not have all the advantages I said. Some drugs are very effective, expensive, and some drugs are cheap. Their antiviral effect is weaker. If economic conditions permit, drugs with the strongest inhibitory effect and the least side effects should be used. If the economy does not allow, use the cheaper one first.

But with cheap drugs, it tends to have a high resistance rate. After its general resistance, it has to change the drug, or add one drug, take one drug or take two drugs, which may be more expensive later.

Moderator: It may require a comprehensive assessment. How to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment?    

Wei Lai: The best way to evaluate the efficacy is to alleviate liver fibrosis, because we treat liver diseases, and finally do not let people develop cirrhosis. If a person is infected with hepatitis B virus, we can predict that he is infected with hepatitis B virus, and cirrhosis will never occur. We can not treat him. The best prediction method is to alleviate liver fibrosis. However, liver sprint is necessary to relieve liver fibrosis, which is not easy to do. So we can basically prove that as long as the virus can be controlled, it will change from high to low. Just now, a netizen asked 10 to the fifth power, and the fifth power will change to the fourth power, and the second power will disappear. This situation is the best evaluation indicator. Of course, some people said that transaminase did not decrease after using drugs. Transaminase is not the most important indicator, and transaminase cannot reflect the indicators of liver fibrosis.

We often talk about the big three yang and the small three yang. The big three yang becomes the small three yang, which is better. Why? After the big three yang becomes the small three yang, it means that the immune function of the body is mature and can control the virus. Generally speaking, this situation will not recur.

Host: Just now we have been talking about conservative treatment. We also heard that liver transplantation is the most ideal method to treat cirrhosis. What is the survival rate after liver transplantation?

Wei Lai: The survival rate of liver transplantation is very good in our country. Our country's liver transplantation is very good internationally because our country has more liver diseases. However, there are few major liver donors for liver transplantation, so there are few liver transplants now. The five-year survival rate of liver transplantation is 75% - 85%, which is different from different hospitals. The five-year survival rate of liver transplantation in our hospital is 85% - 87%, which is very good.

Host: Will you take immunosuppressive drugs or other drugs after surgery? Will it cause other effects on the body?

Wei Lai: After liver transplantation, it is someone else's liver. Your immune function will attack and reject the transplanted liver, so you should take immunosuppressive drugs. The liver itself is a relatively quiet organ. Because the liver is a quiet organ, it is not easy to show any symptoms when the liver is ill. Once there are symptoms, it is already quite heavy. Because the liver is quiet, the amount of immunosuppressive drugs used by the liver is not much. However, some immunosuppressive drugs may cause some reactions, such as diabetes, and kidney diseases. But these can be avoided and overcome by changing immunosuppressive drugs or adjusting dosage.

Host: Sometimes when it comes to chronic diseases, people pay close attention to the cost of treatment, because long-term treatment may always cost a lot. Someone has heard that the effect of stem cells in the treatment of liver cirrhosis can be comparable to that of liver transplantation at the same price. Is this true?

Wei Lai: The Ministry of Health has not approved whether stem cell transplantation can treat the liver. For some time, the Ministry of Health classified it as the third type of medical technology, which is a treatment method with uncertain efficacy. You may ask whether the treatment method with uncertain efficacy is often used or not? Problems requiring clinical research. We said today that he is not sure. We need to study it. We will determine whether it is effective or ineffective after five years, of course three years. If it is ineffective, we will no longer use it. If it is effective, we will turn it into a class II and class I medical technology, so that we can use it with confidence.

At present, the efficacy of stem cell therapy for liver cirrhosis is still uncertain. Of course, it is useful for some people, but it may not be useful for some people. From the current international and domestic research, including our own country, we can see that after stem cell transplantation, the albumin of patients with cirrhosis is relatively low, and it is useful to improve albumin, reduce floating water, high cholesterol, and jaundice.

If a patient has a tissue that has not undergone stem cell transplantation, and one patient has done it, the jaundice and albumin can be better compared with the two patients, but in terms of life span, there is no obvious change. That is to say, the current stem cells may not prolong the life of cirrhosis, but live better. When we talk about curing diseases, we want the patient to live longer and better. He can only live better, not longer.

Host: We often hear the word stem cell, which is used in all fields. We don't understand the principle?

Wei Lai: Stem cell is a general term for a certain kind of cell. It can, and this cell is in a very primitive stage. It can turn it into various desired cells in the human environment. Everyone knows that stem cell transplantation is the most successful way to treat blood diseases. Stem cells can treat blood diseases. Why? For example, in leukemia, we kill all the leukemia cells and transfer a normal stem cell. The stem cell will become a new, normal white blood cell in this person.

However, we hope that the stem cells will become normal liver cells like normal people after they move to the liver when we treat the liver with stem cells, which has not been confirmed yet.

Host: It sounds amazing.

Wei Lai: This is a problem that we need to study. This is a problem that our country should study for development. Because after the actual hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for liver disease, the treatment of leukemia began in western countries. Liver disease is a serious disease in our country. We should support stem cells to treat liver disease. If stem cells can treat liver disease one day, it will be a great blessing for people.

Netizen: My son was hospitalized for icteric hepatitis in August last year. He had an artificial liver twice for one month. At the age of 4, he was found to have hepatitis B virus; Today, only lactate dehydrogenase 104.0 (114.0-240.0) and serum total bile acid 12.49 (0.00-10.00) were found in the liver function test, and others were within the reference value; Two halves of hepatitis B: HBsAg positive, HBeAg negative, anti HBe negative, anti HBc positive, anti HBs negative; Excuse me? My son is 23 years old this year. Does he need further treatment? What should we pay attention to in the future?

Wei Lai: The most important indicator just heard is that HBsAg is positive and HBeAg is negative, indicating that he is immune. Jaundiced hepatitis is caused by a disease, which causes abnormal bile metabolism, so it turns yellow, which may not be related to immunity. For example, hepatitis A is an acute disease, which can be cured by itself, or it can have icteric hepatitis. Hepatitis B is chronic, and may also have icteric hepatitis.

Just mentioned lactate dehydrogenase. If you are a child, don't worry. Your child's lactate dehydrogenase may be in the process of growth.

Compere: He is 23 years old. He said that he had hepatitis B detected when he was 4 years old.

Wei Lai: At the age of 4, the surface antibody of hepatitis B is positive. If HBs is negative, the disease has been alleviated. If LDH is high, the virus may be a cold virus or other virus in the respiratory tract, but it may also be overworked. You can recheck it after two weeks. If it is still high after two weeks, you should find the reason.

Moderator: What should we pay attention to when eating? Is there any special attention?

Wei Lai: I don't pay special attention to food. In fact, I don't drink. For the liver, drinking is the biggest harm. Now in our country's diet, we should also add that we should not eat too much food. After eating too much food, if the food can not be used by itself, it will be converted into fat. Fat will exist in the liver, which will cause fatty inflammation of the liver.

Compere: You said just now that you would not drink, but also eat what you used to eat when you were young.

Wei Lai: I mean, the food I used to eat when I was a child is the most safe thing for my health.

Compere: We don't want to try all kinds of supplements more. Other people recommend nutritious things.

Wei Lai: Yes.

Host: So it may be better for the body.

Netizen: My father has advanced liver cancer with floating water. The recent examination of bilirubin is 139. There are small nodules in the lungs. I can't eat much. I often vomit after eating. What should experts do?

Wei Lai: None of the drugs can eliminate this situation. Although there are some drugs that can inhibit the shrinkage of liver cancer cells, if metastasis has occurred, there are few treatments that can really control the tumor. Therefore, we can only help him with whatever problems he has. The most important thing is to get rid of the floating water and not to feel bloated. In addition, he may have pain. Take some medicine morphine to prevent him from suffering so much.

Netizen: I have been suffering from liver cirrhosis for 7 years. I found hepatitis B during the physical examination in 2002 and took lamivudine. In 2005, I saw an increase in transaminase, which led to liver cirrhosis. He Weili has been eating since 2007. From 2007 to now, my liver function is normal, the virus DNA is negative and 1.5 positive, but I am busy with my work and under great pressure. I am afraid that one day I will not be able to eat, and I will get sick again. I wonder if there is any good way to make my liver disease better, especially if the fourth item is a plus sign, turning into a small three yang. I am not yet 40 years old. thank you!

Wei Lai: If he can control hepatitis B, his body can definitely withstand the current working pressure. So the most critical problem is to control the virus. He said that the virus was positive after taking Hercules, but the virus was not controlled. There are two reasons why Hercules did not control the virus. One is whether the pressure of work is too great and we did not take medicine on time. This should be noted that we should take medicine on time every day.

If you do take the medicine on time, you should check whether the virus has been resistant to Hercules. If you want to take Lamivudine and Hercules at the same time, Lamivudine can cure Hercules resistance, and Hercules can cure Lamivudine resistance.

Moderator: The drug resistance of each other is offset.

Netizen: My husband is 51 years old and has been drinking for 35 years. A year ago, his wrists and feet were badly swollen. He had spider spots on his body for more than three years. He went to the hospital for examination. The photo said it was diffuse liver disease, which scared him not to check again. Now he has stopped drinking a mouthful of wine. After more than a year, his body has seen much better, and the spots on his body have disappeared. What's wrong with not growing meat. I ate a lot and my hair grew a lot.

Wei Lai: A lot of hair is a good sign that the body is recovering. He said that he did not dare to check the liver because it had erosive lesions, but he still had to check this. The liver damage caused by alcohol was not gone without drinking.

We often have such patients who have abnormal liver performance and can't find all kinds of reasons. Ask the patient if you drink? He said I don't drink. Because there was no reason to do liver puncture, we had to do liver puncture. The main purpose was to see what the cause was from the liver tissue, but once the liver tissue was done, it was found that it was a typical alcoholic liver disease. Let's ask the patient again. Don't you drink? This disease is definitely alcoholic liver disease. He was right. I drank a lot ten years ago, but now I don't drink any more. The liver damage caused by alcohol may still exist even if you don't drink it, so you should check it.