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NAD

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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
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NAD is a biological substance, which can also be written as NAD + Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide It is called oxidized coenzyme I. It is a kind of electron transfer, which is a lot in the body dehydrogenase Coenzyme of, linked Tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain Its function is to transfer the hydrogen removed during metabolism to Flavoprotein 。 NADH Or more accurately, NADH and H+are its reduced forms. [1]
Research shows that the Slc12a8 protein will Sodium ion With the help of Nicotinamide mononucleotide （ NMN ） [2] It is directly transported to cells and quickly plays a role in the production of NAD. When NAD level drops, cells will also increase the expression of Slc12a8 gene and increase their transport NMN Ability. [2]
The experimental results show that taking nicotinamide riboside It can make nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in human body Internal content Increase by 60%. NAD+is active Acetylase The indispensable materials will decrease with age. [3]
Chinese name
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Foreign name
NAD、nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Discipline
Biochemistry (chemical biology); Cell Biology: Molecular Biology
Attribution
Biological substances
Application
Biocatalysis
Properties
enzyme
Features
Transfer hydrogen removed during metabolism to flavoprotein

catalog

  1. one nature
  2. two main features

nature

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NAD+
It can be reduced and can carry up to two protons (written as NAD + )。

main features

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Overview of major metabolism and physiological functions of NAD+ [4]
NAD is dehydrogenase Of coenzyme , such as Alcohol dehydrogenase ( ADH ）, for oxidation ethanol 。 It's in Glycolysis ， Gluconeogenesis ， Tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain China is playing an irreplaceable role. Intermediate product Will deliver the removed hydrogen to NAD, making it NADH 。
and NADH Will act as the carrier of hydrogen and pass through Chemical osmosis Coupling mode, synthesis ATP 。
In terms of light absorption, NADH has one at 260nm and one at 340nm absorption peak NAD has only one absorption peak at 260nm, which is an important attribute to distinguish the two. This is also a measurement in many metabolic tests metabolic rate The physical basis of. NAD at 260nm Light absorption coefficient 1780L/（ mol ·Cm), while the absorbance coefficient of NADH at 340nm is 6200L/(mol · cm).
NAD+can participate in glycolysis:
C six H twelve O six +2NAD + +2ADP+2pi------2CH three COCOOH+2NADH+2H + +2ATP
Molecular weight: 663.4
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