Potato crops, also known as rhizome crops, mainly includeSweet potato、Potato、Yam, taroSweet potatoEtc.The product organs of this kind of crops areroot tuberandtuberIt grows in soil and has two physiological stages: early growth stage and tuber (stem) expansion stage.It is suitable for food, vegetables, feed and industrial raw materialsgrain cropsWith the rapid development of scientific and technological R&D capability and level, some fields have reached the world's leading level and are gradually narrowing the gap with other crops[1]。
Chinese name
Potato crops
Also called
Rhizome crops
Mainly including
Sweet potato, potato, yam, taro, etc
Product organ
roots and tubers
Physiological stage
Early growth stage and tuber (stem) expansion stage
Potato crops, also known as rhizome crops, mainly include sweet potato, potato, yam, taro, etc.Among them, sweet potatoes and potatoes are the main ones in Chinagrain cropsOne is the food crops suitable for food, vegetables, feed and industrial raw materials. With the rapid development of scientific and technological research and development capacity and level, some fields have reached the world's leading level, and are gradually narrowing the gap with other crops[1]。
The whole life of potato crops can be divided into early growth stage and root (stem) expansion stage.At the early stage of growth, it needs less nutrients, but is very sensitive. Lack of fertilizer will seriously affect the growth of stems and leaves and root development, thus affecting the formation of roots (tubers).The tuber (stem) expansion period is the most vigorous period for overground and underground growth, which requires the most fertilizer and is also the key period for fertilization.
Sweet potato is also a common potato crop.[4]
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Sweet potato
Sweet potatoAlso called sweetpotato, twining grass vines.The top of the underground tuber usually has more than 4-10 branches, and the end of each branch expands into an ovoid tuber with a yellowish and smooth outer skin.The stem is sinistral, spiny at the base, and is T-shaped pilose.Single leaf alternate, wide heart-shaped, the largest leaf is 15 cm long and 17 cm wide, and the general length and width are not more than 10 cm, the top is sharp, the base is heart-shaped, the base has veins 9-13, and is T-shaped villous, especially on the back;The petiole is 5-8 cm long, with thorns at the base.Male inflorescences are spikes, solitary, about 15 cm long, male flowers are sessile or with very short stems, usually solitary, rarely 2-4 flowers in clusters, arranged on the inflorescence axis;Bracts ovate, apically acuminate;Perianth shallowly cup-shaped, pubescent, outer perianth segments broadly lanceolate, 1-8 mm long, inner ones slightly shorter;Developing stamens 6, inserted at the perianth tube mouth, slightly shorter than the lobes.The female spike is solitary in the upper leaf axil, 40 cm long, pendulous, and the inflorescence axis is slightly angular.Capsule less mature, triangular, slightly concave at the top, truncate at the base, each wing shaped, about 3 cm long and 1.2 cm wide;Seeds round, winged.Flowering in early summer.It is cultivated in Ledong, Hainan, Guangdong, Hepu and Bobai, Guangxi.It is distributed in southeast Asia, both cultivated and wild.[3]
Potato
Potatoes are also called potatoesPotato、Yam eggIts tubers are edible and important crops for both food and vegetables.It is a delicious potato loved by all kinds of people with high yield, rich nutrition and strong adaptability to the environment. It has spread all over the world, mainly produced by Russia, Poland, China and the United States.The largest potato planting base in China is Heilongjiang Province.Potatoes can be boiled and used as food or vegetables.Countries all over the world pay great attention to the production of potato processed foods, such as French frozen fritters, fried chips, instant whole powder, starch, and various cakes and egg rolls, with more than 100 varieties.
cassava
It is native to tropical America and is widely cultivated in tropical regions all over the world.Its root is edible and grindableCassava flour, make bread, providecassava starchAnd starch for sizing and even alcohol drinks.
