- Chinese name
- Plant cell wall
- Foreign name
- plant cell wall
- Interpretation
- A thick wall that exists in the periphery of plant cells
- Constituents
- Intercellular layer
- Role
- Support and protect plant cells
plant cell The wall is the difference between plant cells and Animal cell One of the main characteristics of. The main components are cellulose and pectin 。 It consists of three parts:
（1） Intercellular layer 。 also called Mesosol 。 Located between two adjacent cells, it is a membrane shared by two adjacent cells, and its main components are Pectin 。 It helps to stick adjacent cells together, and can buffer the squeeze between cells. (2) Nascent wall. The cell wall formed by protoplast secretion after cell division. It exists in all living plant cells. It is located inside the intercellular layer. It is usually thin, about 1-3 microns thick. It has great plasticity, which can not only keep cells in a certain shape, but also extend with cell growth. The main components are cellulose hemicellulose And structural proteins exist. After the cells form the primary wall, if no new wall layer accumulates, the primary wall is their permanent cell wall. as Parenchyma Cells. （3） Secondary wall 。 part plant cell The cell wall layer that continues to accumulate inside the primary wall after growth stops. It is located between the plasma membrane and the primary wall. The main component is cellulose, and there is often wood. It is usually thick, about 5-10 microns, and hard, so that the cell wall has great mechanical strength. Most of the cells with secondary walls die when they mature. Fibres and stone cells are typical cells with secondary walls. In plant protoplast culture, plant tissues are often treated with enzyme mixture containing pectinase and cellulase to destroy the intercellular layer and remove the cellulose outer wall of cells, so as to obtain free naked protoplasts. Lignification: The cell wall is filled with lignin, which can increase the hardness of the cell wall and the mechanical force of the cell population. This process of filling lignin is called lignification.
Corkification : Fatty compounds are added to the cell wall Corky It is a kind of simplified cell, which is not easy to breathe and drain water Protoplast Completely disappeared. Such filling Aliphatic compounds This process is called corking. Cornification : refers to epidermis A layer of cutin (also a kind of fatty acid) film is formed on the wall in contact with the air, which can reduce the water loss of plants, prevent mechanical damage, insect feeding and pathogen infection, and also regulate the temperature of plants exposed to the sun. The transparent cuticle film does not affect the light transmission. Mineralization: refers to the accumulation of minerals such as calcium and silicon in the cell wall, which can increase the hardness and protective function of the tissue structure. Gramineae, Cyperaceae and other plants often accumulate silicon dioxide And silicification. Intermediate fibre ： Cytoskeleton The third type of Fibre structure It is called medium fiber or intermediate film (IF), also called intermediate filament. It is a hollow bone like structure with a diameter between microtubules and microfilaments. Its chemical composition is relatively complex, and its composition varies greatly in different cells. 
