Xylose isXylanXylan, a component of xylan, is widely found in plants.Xylose is also present in animal heparin, chondroitin andglycoproteinIt is the linking unit between the sugar chain and serine (or threonine) in some glycoproteins.Up to now, xylose in free state has not been found in nature.
Chinese name
xylose
Foreign name
Xylose
Alias
Pentaaldose
chemical formula
C5H10O5
molecular weight
one hundred and fifty point one three
CAS login number
58-86-6;133-56-2;141492-19-5;25990-60-7
EINECS login number
200-400-7;247-395-8
Melting point
143 ℃[7]
Boiling point
415.5°C at 760 mmHg
Water solubility
～555 g/L
Density
1.508g/cm3
Appearance
White fine crystal or powder
Flash point
219.2°C
Application
Manufactured by reduction hydrogenationxylitol, its use is more extensive
Xylose is a kind ofPentose。Natural D-xylose exists in plants in the form of polysaccharide.Because they are especially abundant in the abandoned parts of agricultural products (such as corn cob, straw, and cotton peach husk), they have been interested in their utilization since ancient times.
xylose
Some bacteria can use D-xylose as carbon source, and have tried to use it asFermentation mediumComponents of[1]。Sheep can almost completely use xylose in animals, while pigs can only use about 70%.Rats fed with xylose can cause cataracts.The absorption rate from the intestinal wall is much slower than that of D-glucose.From glucose to D-glucose-6-phosphate →α-DGlucose-1-phosphate→ UDP-D-glucose → UDP-D-Glucuronic acid→ UDP D-xylosebiosynthesis, and then take this sugar nucleotide assubstrateXylose residues were transferred into polysaccharides.D-xylose and polypeptide chain in animal proteoglycansserineThe residues are linked by glycosidic bonds and become thebridgingStructure.It is white crystal or crystalline powder, easily soluble in water.
basic feature
Announce
edit
1) It is not digested and absorbed, and there is no energy value to meet the needs of people who love sweets but worry about obesity to the maximum extent;
2) Activate bifidobacteria in human intestinal tract and promote its growth. Bifidobacteria are beneficial bacteria. The more the bacteria, the better for human health;Eating xylose can improve the microbial environment of the human body and enhance the immune capacity of the body.
3) It is not used by oral microorganisms, and has some physiological functions of dietary fiber, which can reduce serum cholesterol and prevent colon cancer.
4) The compatibility of xylose with food is very good. A small amount of xylose added to food can reflect a good health care effect.The simultaneous intake of xylose and calcium can improve the absorption rate of calcium andRetention rateIt can also prevent constipation.[2]
Physiological effect
Announce
edit
1) To provide intercellular communication function for the glycoconjugates of receptors on the cell membrane;
2) It has antibacterial and antifungal functions, especially Gram negative bacteria and Streptococcus albicans;
3) Helps the growth of probiotics in the intestine.[3]
purpose
Announce
edit
1) Xylose is mainly produced by reduction hydrogenationxylitol, its use is more extensive.
2) Xylose is used as calorie free in food and beverageSweetener, suitable for obese and diabetic patients.
3) Xylose has been used in pet feed in developed countries.
4) Xylose is used for baking.
5) Xylose is used as high-grade sauce oil color.
6) It can also be used in light industry and chemical industry.[3]
Solubility of xylose: xylose is fine needle shaped crystal, white fine crystal or powder in appearance, sweet, and its sweetness is equal to 0.7 of sucrose;The melting point is 153~154 ℃, and there is rotation change phenomenon;The solubility at 20 ℃ is 100g. 51.24g xylose can be dissolved in water. Under the same temperatureSaturated solutionOfViscosity ratioXylitol and glucose are small.[2]
XylosemacromoleculeThe form of xylan is widely found in plantshemicelluloseIt is obtained by degrading xylan with acid or enzyme.[4]
Xylooligosaccharide is an important functional food. It has the advantages of high efficiency (proliferation effect on bifidobacteria, a probiotic), stability, safety, non-toxic, non-toxic, and so on. Therefore, it is increasingly used in food, feed, medicine and other fields.[5-6]
