Zeus

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The Third Generation God King in Ancient Greek Mythology

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Zeus（ Ancient Greek ： Ζεύς、 Greek ： Δίας、 English: Zeus), ancient MYTHOS The third generation god king in the world Deity ， Twelve main gods of Olympus First. It is the greatest god in Greek mythology. Roman myth The god corresponding to Zeus in Jupiter (Jupiter or Jove). He uses thunder and lightning as weapons to maintain the order between heaven and earth, and bulls and eagles are his symbols; The guardian constellation is sagittarius 。

Zeus is known as "the king of gods" or "the king of Olympus". He is also the god of the sky, thunder and lightning, and dark clouds. When he is in a good mood, the sky is sunny and clear. When angry, the sky will be dark clouds, lightning and thunder.^[1]

ancient Greek People and Romans worship Zeus, and in mythology, Zeus is said to be his own ancestor. Many gods of Olympus and many Greek heroes are his children born to different women.

Chinese name: Zeus
Foreign name: Ζεύς (Ancient Greek) Δίας （ Greek ）、Zeus（ English ）
Alias: God king 、 Jupiter 、 The King of Olympus
Mythological system: MYTHOS
Residence: Olympus
Chief: Lightning, sky, power, everything
Symbol: thunder 、 Aegis , eagle, bull, lion, oak, throne, mountain peak

Parents: Cronus 、 Ruiya
Spouse: Metis 、 themis 、 Eurynomor 、 Demeter 、 Monemosthene 、 Leto 、 Hera
brothers and sisters: Hestia 、 Demeter 、 Hera 、 Hades 、 Poseidon
Children: Athena 、 Artemis 、 Apollo 、 Hephaestus 、 Ares 、 Hermes 、 Dionysus 、 Persephone etc.
Key achievements: beat Cronus and Tifeng
Roman counterpart: Jupiter

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Zeus (2 sheets)

Zeus is Titan The second generation god king of the Protoss Cronus Son of. Cronus did it by overthrowing his father Ulanos He became the second generation god king. When he overthrew Ulanos, the angry Ulanos said a curse like prophecy to Kronos: Kronos would also be overthrown by his own children.

Cronus was very afraid of this prophecy, so he and his sister and wife Ruiya Every time he gave birth to a child, Cronus ate one and swallowed his own child. When the sixth child was born, Rhea was determined to protect him. She wrapped a piece of cloth around a stone and lied that it was a newborn baby. Cronus did not hesitate to swallow the stone. So Zeus escaped a disaster and was sent to his uncle Titan The Ocean God of the Twelve Gods Okeanos The Goddess of the Sea Tethys The husband and wife are raised there.

When Zeus grew up, he knew his own life experience and was determined to save his own Sibling 。 Marry first Okeanos and Tethys The couple's daughter Metis Then, following his wife's advice, he drugged his father Cronus and vomited out all his children. They are Hestia 、 Demeter 、 Hera 、 Hades and Poseidon Later, the children were taken away and adopted by Oceanos and Tesses in time, and the stone that replaced Zeus and was swallowed by Cronus was put by Zeus Delphi In memory, Delphi Temple Also become ancient Greek One of the most important temples. Zeus united his five brothers and sisters and began to fight back against Cronus.

At this time, the second generation of the gods, the Titans, were divided into several factions: Okeanos 、 Tethys 、 themis 、 Moneymore Support Zeus, Ruiya 、 Coeus 、 Cleos 、 Iapertos Support Cronus, Sepperion 、 Theia 、 Phoebe Not participating in the war. During this period, Zeus successively married themis 、 Eurynomor 、 Demeter 、 Moneymore 、 Leto 、 Hera He became his wife and promised to make Hera the queen of heaven after his successful teacher.

Zeus stood with his supporters Olympus On the top of Mount Otris Cronus And its supporters. This is called“ Battle of Titan ”For ten years, War scale Almost all over the world, but the two sides have always been unable to decide the outcome.

Then Zeus listened to his cousin Prometheus (It is also said that Gaia) saved those who were imprisoned by Cronus in Gaia's mother's womb Cyclops One ethnic group - Kukrops, A hundred armed giant A clan—— Heca and Chris 。 Kukrops is the greatest forger in the whole world, and Heca and Kress can throw 100 huge stones like mountains at a time. The Titans can't resist the huge power.^[2]

Cyclops He helped Zeus create thunder and lightning, and made it for Poseidon trident , created for Hades Invisibility helmet (English: Cap of visibility); With the help of the giants, Zeus finally overthrew the rule of Cronus.

After obtaining Battle of Titan After the great victory of Dominion However, there are many contradictions. Seeing that they were going to fight again, it was full of wisdom Prometheus It is proposed to determine the world's domination by drawing lots. According to the result of the lottery, Zeus was assigned to the sky and became a god. Poseidon was assigned to the sea and became a sea god, while Hades He was assigned to the underworld and became the keeper of the underworld. As for the land, the three brothers shared it through consultation. The three brothers respected Zeus, who ruled the sky.

Then Zeus fulfilled his promise Hera For the day after, they share power and control Olympus And the sky.

Zeus brought Cronus and the defeated Titans Confined in an underground abyss Tartaros In prison. In order to avoid their escape, Zeus ordered Poseidon to build bronze doors, windows and walls around the prison A hundred armed giant And Hell's three headed dog Be responsible for guarding.

At first, Gaia, the mother of the earth, supported her grandson Zeus. At the wedding of Zeus and Hera Golden apple But later, Zeus gave her Titan Protoss The other sons of Tartaros ， Gaia With a grudge, Gaia, the mother of the earth, gave birth to a child named Typhon The monster, which poses a great threat to the world and fights against the gods. Zeus then went to fight with him and struck him with thunder and lightning. The flame burned into Tifeng's heart and made him lose his strength. As for the final outcome of Tifeng, he was pressed Etna volcano Underground in the area. When he gets angry, he will let the volcano flow Magma 。 Then Gaia encouraged Guigantes King of Alcoynius Against Zeus. But in Heracles Against the gods, finally Alcoynius Leaded Guigantes The army failed and was sent to hell.

Homer On《 Iliad 》It is clearly pointed out in, Ganimedes The reason why he was taken away by Zeus was that he was too attractive. This sentence also reveals the whole ancient Greek The most important social weathering phenomenon of the period is the mutual love between men for male beauty.^[3]

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Zeus and Hera

Zeus had seven wives Metis 、 themis 、 Eurynomor 、 Demeter 、 Monemosthene 、 Leto and Hera 。 Only the seventh Hera It is named "Tiantian". Because Zeus promised to share his power and honor with Hera when he proposed to Hera, and Hera, as the co ruler of Olympus, has always been with Zeus to help Zeus defeat Cronus Become the king of the third generation of gods. In addition to Tian Tian and other wives, Zeus also had quite a few lovers who gave birth to many children with him bastard They are said to be ancestors of various places. Two of the twelve Titan gods of the previous generation and nine of the twelve Olympian gods of the new generation are their wives or children.

wife
full name	identity	relationship	children
Metis	Goddess of Wisdom One of the Ocean Goddesses	Cousin	Goddess of Wisdom and War Athena （ One of the twelve main gods of Olympus ） God of Creation and Opportunity Boros (not born)
themis	Goddess of Laws One of the Twelve Titans	Aunt	Three Goddesses of Time Series Three Goddesses of Destiny
Eurynomor	Goddess of Water Grass Pasture One of the Ocean Goddesses	Cousin	The Three Goddesses of Beauty
Demeter	Goddess of Agriculture and Grain One of the twelve main gods of Olympus	second elder sister	Persephone Persephone
Monemosthene	Goddess of Memory One of the Twelve Titans	Aunt	Nine art goddesses （ Muse ）
Leto	nursing goddess	Cousin	Hunting goddess Artemis （ One of the twelve main gods of Olympus ） God of Light and Prophecy Apollo （ One of the twelve main gods of Olympus , eldest son)
Hera	Tianhou (main room) One of the twelve main gods of Olympus	Third Sister	Vulcan Hephaestus (One of the twelve main gods of Olympus) God of War Ares （ One of the twelve main gods of Olympus) Goddess of War and Destruction Eni Russia Goddess of Production Eletia Goddess of Youth Herb

lover
full name	identity	relationship	children
Eris	Goddess of Dispute and Discord	An affair	Demagogue goddess Ate (eldest daughter)
Maia	Mammy goddess	An affair	Divine emissary Hermes (One of the twelve main gods of Olympus)
semele	Princess Tebai	Heavy granddaughter	Bacchus Dionysus (One of the twelve main gods of Olympus)
Alkmene	Princess Argos	A great granddaughter	Great Hero Heracles
Danae	Princess Argos	An affair	Great Hero Perseus
Europa	Princess Phoenicia	An affair	One of the three judges of the underworld Ladamantis One of the three judges of the underworld Minos
Io	The daughter of river god Inakos	An affair	Egyptian King Epaphus
Aegina	Daughter of river god Ahthopos	An affair	One of the three judges of the underworld Iacos
Antiop	Daughter of river god Ahthopos	An affair	King Tebai amphion
Leda	Queen Sparta	An affair	hero Brother Dioscuri Lacie Heart Helen
Ganimedes (Male pet)	mortal	An affair	-
Pluto	Goddess of Wealth	Cousin	King of Phrygia Tantalos
Callisto	Hunting Goddess Maid	An affair	Akas
Selene	Moon Goddess	Cousin	Pandya, the Full Moon Goddess Elsa, the goddess of dew
Persephone	The afterlife, the goddess of grain	daughter	Horny god Zagreos Conspiracy Goddess Melinoue
Electra	One of the Ocean Goddesses	Cousin	Heles Dardana Founder Dardanos Iacion
Elary	mortal	An affair	Geogod Titius
Tayugette	Nymph	sister-in-law	Lacedemon, Europas
Laodamia	Princess Lucia	An affair	King Lucia Sarpedon

Cultural characteristics

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Architectural relics

Temple of Zeus (2 sheets)

The temple of Zeus is ancient Greek The religious center of. The temple is located in Greece Athens In the southeast of the Acropolis, in the middle of a vast plain on the banks of the Irisus River, was ancient Greece God of gods The region under Zeus; This place is full of yellow hills, but in ancient times Greek period It is surrounded by green valleys and clear streams. The scenery is elegant, and there is a dense forest not far away. The trees and flowers on both sides of the path in the forest are luxuriant and beautiful. It is also the religious center at that time. In ancient Greece, it was located outside the city wall of Athens. In order to expand the scale of the city of Athens, the city wall was expanded outward in the era of Emperor Hadrian before the temple was included in the city.

Sculpture portrait

The statue of Zeus

In the book of Pausanias The statue of Zeus It is recorded in the book that the main body of Zeus is made of wood, the exposed part of his body is covered with ivory, and his clothes are covered with gold Olive branch The woven crown is made of ivory and gold in the right hand Victory Goddess Like, the left hand is holding a piece inlaid with various metals wand , there is a vulture on the top of the staff. As for his throne, the statues of "Elegant Three Goddesses" and "Seasonal Three Goddesses" (spring, summer and winter) are carved on the head and behind the head of the statue; The legs and feet are decorated with the dancing goddess of victory and the human head lion Sphinx It is decorated by other Greek gods, with a bottom width of 6.55 meters and a height of 1 meter, while the statue is about 13 meters high, which is equivalent to a modern building four stories high.

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mention MYTHOS The first thing people noticed was its systematicness. Almost all Greek myths were related to Zeus, and formed a myth system centered on Zeus. The "Divine Kingdom" was orderly, with different divisions of labor 。^[4]

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