Complete proteinIt refers to a kind of protein that contains a complete range of essential amino acids, sufficient content, and appropriate proportion, and can maintain life and promote growth and development.
Protein is composed of various amino acids.Due to the different types and quantities of amino acids, the nutritional value of the proteins they constitute is also different. According to the nutritional value of proteins, proteins can be divided into three types.
Complete protein.This type of protein is characterized by a complete range of essential amino acids, sufficient quantity and appropriate proportion.When this type of protein is used as the only source of protein in the diet, it can maintain the health of adults and promote the normal growth and development of children. Complete protein is a high-quality protein, such as milk, eggs, lean meat and soybeans.[1]
Semi complete protein.The essential amino acids contained in this kind of protein are not complete in variety, uneven in quantity and inappropriate in proportion.Although the food is healthy and beneficial, it is not ideal.If semi complete protein is the only source of protein in the diet, it can maintain life, but cannot promote growth and development.Semi complete protein foods such as rice, flour, potatoes, and protein in dried fruits.[1]
Incomplete protein.This kind of protein lacks several essential amino acids, let alone the proper proportion.If this kind of protein is used as the only source of protein in the diet, it can neither maintain life nor promote growth and development.For example, the proteins in corn, peas, meat skins and tendons are incomplete proteins.[1]
In general, most proteins in animal foods are complete proteins, while most proteins in plant foods are incomplete proteins.
Which proteins are complete proteins
Casein and lactalbumin in milk, ovalbumin and vitellin in eggs, albumin and muscle protein in meat, soybean protein in soybeans, glutenin in wheat, glutenin in corn, etc.
Protein complementation
The nutritional value of protein in various foods is different, for example, the nutritional value of grain protein is lower than that of egg protein.This is because the composition of amino acids, especially essential amino acids, is different in proteins of different foods.The proportion of essential amino acids in egg protein is close to the needs of the human body, so it can be fully and effectively absorbed and utilized by the human body. The low content of lysine in grain protein affects its utilization by the human body.However, when people eat food and beans together, because the lysine content in beans is rich, it just makes up for the lack of food protein, making the proportion of essential amino acids in mixed protein more close to the mode required by human body than when people eat food or beans alone, thus improving the nutritional value of protein.This phenomenon is called protein complementation.In addition to the good complementarity between cereals and beans, the effect of mixing animal food and plant food is also good.In daily life, Laba porridge, vegetable assortments, bean paste buns, dumplings, egg fried rice, etc. are good examples of application.[2]
Complete protein importance
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Protein is the most important component of human cells. It is the main component of many human antibodies, enzymes, hormones, etc.Protein is composed of amino acid.Thirteen of the 22 amino acids needed by the human body can be made by the human body, and the other nine must be taken from the diet, which is called essential amino acids.
In order to cope with the growth needs of children, there are 10 kinds of amino acids that must be supplemented by food. Protein must be replaced frequently, and it cannot be stored in the body. Therefore, we must take good protein from our daily diet. Good protein is of great help to create a good body.
Generally, the so-called biological value of protein is determined by the balance of nine essential amino acids needed by the human body. The higher the balance, the higher the biological value of protein, we call it "complete protein".For example, meat, fish, beans, eggs and milk are all complete proteins.
However, the premise of the embodiment of biological value is the effect achieved by eating a single food. If various foods are balanced, the embodiment of this biological value is not particularly obvious.
However, "semi complete protein" can not promote human growth and development metabolism, and can only sustain life such as gluten."Incomplete protein" cannot promote human growth and metabolism, and its physiological value is very low, such as corn gluten protein and animal glue protein.
