carbon tetrachloride

Organic compound

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Carbon tetrachloride is a kind of Organic compound , polyhalogenated hydrocarbon formed after all four hydrogen atoms in methane molecule are replaced by chlorine atoms, chemical formula CCl four , mainly used as excellent solvent Dry cleaning agent , extinguishing agent cryogen , Spicy Leachant As well as pesticides, it can also be used for organic synthesis.

On October 27, 2017, world health organization International Agency for Research on Cancer Published Carcinogen Preliminary arrangement of the list for reference, carbon tetrachloride in Category 2B carcinogen List.^[101]

Chinese name: carbon tetrachloride^[102]
Foreign name: tetrachloromethane^[102]
carbontetrachloride
Alias: Tetrachloromethane^[102]
chemical formula: CCl four^[102]
molecular weight: one hundred and fifty-three point eight two three^[102]
CAS login number: 56-23-5^[102]
EINECS login number: 203-453-4^[102]
Melting point: -23 ℃^[102]
Boiling point: 76 to 77 ℃

Density: 1.594 g/cm ³
Appearance: Colorless Transparent Liquid
Security description: S23； S36/37； S45； S59； S61^[102]
Hazard symbol: T； N^[102]
Hazard description: R23/24/25； R40； R48； R52/53； R59^[102]
UN dangerous goods number: one thousand eight hundred and forty-six^[102]
MDL No: MFCD00000785
RTECS No: AG0977500
BRN No: one million ninety-eight thousand two hundred and ninety-five
PubChem No: twenty-four million eight hundred and fifty-seven thousand three hundred and eighty-seven

catalog

preparation

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methane and chlorine Free radical substitution reaction will occur under ultraviolet irradiation or high temperature of 200~450 degrees^{[103 ]} The final product is carbon tetrachloride. The reaction formula is as follows: CH four +4Cl two →CCl four +4HCl

This reaction will be carried out step by step to generate Monochloromethane 、 dichloromethane 、 Trichloromethane Finally, carbon tetrachloride is generated. The by-product of this reaction is HCl.^{[103 ]}

Physical and chemical properties

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Density: 1.594g/cm three

Melting point: - 23 ℃

Boiling point: 76-77 ℃

Refractive index ：1.46（20℃）

critical temperature ：283.15ºC

critical pressure ：4.56MPa

Appearance: colorless transparent liquid^[100]

Molecular structure data

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Molar refractive index ：26.04^[102]

Molar volume （cm three /mol）：90.6^[102]

Isotonic capacity （90.2K）：220.7^[102]

surface tension （dyne/cm）：35.2^[102]

Polarization (10 -24 cm three ）：10.32^[100]

Calculate chemical data

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Calculation of drainage parameters reference value （XlogP）：2.8^[102]

Number of hydrogen bond donors: 0^[102]

Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 0^[102]

Rotatable Chemical bond Quantity: 0^[102]

Tautomer Quantity: 0

topology molecule Polar surface area ：0^[102]

Heavy atom Quantity: 5^[102]

Surface charge: 0^[102]

Complexity: 19.1^[102]

Isotope atom Quantity: 0^[102]

Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0^[102]

Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0^[102]

Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers: 0^[102]

Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0^[102]

covalent bond Number of units: 1^[100]

toxicology data

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1、 acute toxicity

LD fifty ：2350mg/kg（ Rat Oral); 5070mg/kg (rat percutaneous)^[102]

LC fifty ：50400mg/m three (Inhalation of rats, 4h)^[102]

2. Irritation

rabbit Percutaneous: 4mg, mild irritation.^[102]

Rabbit eyes: 500mg (24h), mild irritation.^[102]

3、 Subacute And Chronic toxicity

long-term Low dose Exposure to this product mainly damages the liver and kidney.^[102]

4、 Mutagenicity

Microbial mutagenesis: Salmonella typhimurium twenty μ l/L。

DNA damage : mouse oral 335 μ mol/kg。

Sex chromosome Missing and No separation ： Hamster Lung 1600 μ mol/L 。

Unprogrammed DNA synthesis : 100mg/kg by mouth in mice.

DNA Inhibition: 2g/kg orally in mice.

5、 Teratogenicity

Inhalation of rats was the lowest 6~15 days after pregnancy Poisoning dose (TCLo) 300ppm (7h) causes musculoskeletal damage Phylogeny Deformities.

The lowest toxic dose (TCLo) of 2384 mg/kg was given to rats 18 days after pregnancy bile duct Phylogenetic malformations.

6、 carcinogenicity

IARC Carcinogenicity Review: G2B, Suspicious Human Carcinogen 。

7. Others

The lowest oral toxic dose (TDLo) of rats: 2g/kg (7~8 days of pregnancy), causing mortality Increase.

The lowest oral toxic dose (TDLo) of rats was 3691mg/kg (male, 10d), which caused testicular the epididymis and Vas deferens Exception.^[100]

Ecological data

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1、 Ecotoxicity

LC fifty ：27~125mg/L（96h）（ Blue gill sunfish ）； 20.8~41.4mg/L（96h）（ Pimephales promelas ）； 45mg/L（96h）（ Green algae ）

IC fifty ：600mg/L（72h）（ algae ）

2、 Biodegradability

Aerobic biodegradation ：4032~8640h

anaerobic Biodegradation: 168~672h

3. Non biodegradable

In air Photooxidation half life ：1.60×10 four ~1.60×10 five h

First order hydrolysis half-life: 7000h

4. Others Harmful effects

Carbon tetrachloride is a highly accumulated substance, which can mammal The liver of salmon Can be sent liver cancer 。 Ozone depletion potential of the substance（ ODP ）1.1 for atmosphere ozone layer Destructive power Extremely strong.^[100]

purpose

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It is mainly used as an excellent solvent, dry cleaning agent, fire extinguishing agent, refrigerant, spice extractant and pesticide, and can also be used in organic synthesis.

First aid measures

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Skin contact: Take off the contaminated clothes and wash the skin thoroughly with soapy water and clean water. Get medical attention.

Eye contact: lift the eyelid, use flowing water or normal saline rinse. Get medical attention.

Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air. keep respiratory tract unobstructed. as dyspnea , give oxygen. as Apnea , perform artificial respiration immediately. Get medical attention.

Ingestion: drink enough warm water to induce vomiting. Gastric lavage. Get medical attention.

Fire fighting measures

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Hazard characteristics: the product does not burn, but it is prone to produce highly toxic in case of open fire or high temperature phosgene and Hydrogen chloride Smoke. It gradually decomposes into phosgene and hydrogen chloride in humid air.

Harmful Combustion products : Phosgene chloride 。

Fire extinguishing method: fire fighter Must be worn Filter gas mask （ Full face mask ）Or isolated respirator Wear full body fire protection Antivirus clothing , on Upwind Fire fighting.

Extinguishing agent: Foggy water 、 carbon dioxide , sandy soil.

Leakage treatment

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Evacuate the personnel in the leakage contaminated area to a safe area quickly, isolate them, and strictly restrict access. proposal Emergency Management Personnel shall wear self-contained positive pressure respirators Antivirus clothing 。 No direct contact Leakage. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible.

Small leakage: use Activated carbon Or others Inert material Absorption.

Large amount of leakage: build a dike or dig a pit to receive. Spray water cooling and dilution steam, Protect the site People, but don't Leakage point Direct water spray. Pump transfer to tank car or dedicated collector Inside, recycle or transport to waste disposal Site disposal.

Handling and storage

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Precautions for operation: close operation and strengthen ventilation. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by Operating Procedures 。 It is recommended that operators wear direct type antigas mask （ Half mask ）Wear safety goggles and anti poison penetration coverall Wear chemical resistant gloves. Prevent vapor leakage to Workplace In air. Avoid contact with oxidant and activity metal powder Contact. Load and unload gently during transportation to prevent damage to packaging and containers. equipment Leakage emergency treatment Equipment. Empty containers may leave harmful substances.

Precautions for storage: store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat sources. The storage temperature shall not exceed 30 ℃, relative humidity Not more than 80%. Keep container sealed. It shall be stored separately from oxidant, active metal powder and edible chemicals, and mixed storage is strictly prohibited. The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and appropriate materials.

security information

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Safety terminology

S23：Do not breathe vapour.

Do not breathe vapor.

S36/37：Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.

Wear appropriate protective clothing and gloves.

S45：In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately. (show the label whenever possible).

In case of accident or discomfort, seek medical advice immediately (show the label if possible).

S59：Refer to manufacturer / supplier for information on recovery / recycling.

Reference manufacturer/ supplier Recycling/reuse information provided.

S61：Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.

Avoid release to the environment. Refer to Special Instructions/Safety Data Sheet.

Risk terminology

R23 /24/25：Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

Toxic by inhalation, skin contact and if swallowed.

R40：Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.

Few reports have cancer consequences.

R48：Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.

There is a risk of serious damage to health due to long-term exposure.

R52/53：Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.

yes Aquatic organism Harmful, which may have long-term adverse effects on the water environment.

R59：Dangerous to the ozone layer.

yes ozone layer Harmful.

Toxicity analysis

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Toxicity test data
number	Toxicity type	test method	Test object	Dosage	Toxic effect
one	acute toxicity	inhalation	human beings	20 ppm	Gastrointestinal toxicity - nausea and vomiting
two	acute toxicity	Oral	adult female	1800 mg/kg	Ophthalmology - miosis Behavioral toxicity - coma Behavioral toxicity - mental depression
three	acute toxicity	Oral	Adult male	1700 mg/kg	Behavioral toxicity - tremor Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity - other changes Gastrointestinal toxicity - other changes
four	acute toxicity	Oral	Adult male	429 mg/kg	Cardiotoxicity - heart rate changes Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity - cyanosis Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity - interstitial nephritis
five	acute toxicity	inhalation	human beings	1000 ppm	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
six	acute toxicity	inhalation	human beings	45 ppm/3D	Behavioral toxicity - sleepiness Behavioral toxicity - anorexia Gastrointestinal toxicity - nausea and vomiting
seven	acute toxicity	inhalation	human beings	317 ppm/30M	Gastrointestinal toxicity - nausea and vomiting
eight	acute toxicity	inhalation	human beings	5 pph/5M	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
nine	acute toxicity	Not reported	Adult male	93 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
ten	acute toxicity	Oral	Rat	2350 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
eleven	acute toxicity	inhalation	Rat	8000 ppm/4h	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twelve	acute toxicity	skin surface	Rat	5070 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirteen	acute toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	one thousand and five hundred μ L/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
fourteen	acute toxicity	trachea	Rat	90 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
fifteen	acute toxicity	Oral	mice	8263 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
sixteen	acute toxicity	inhalation	mice	9526 ppm/8H	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
seventeen	acute toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	mice	572 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
eighteen	acute toxicity	subcutaneous injection	mice	31 mg/kg	Behavioral toxicity - sleep Behavioral toxicity - ataxia
nineteen	acute toxicity	Oral	dog	1 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty	acute toxicity	inhalation	dog	14620 ppm/8h	Behavioral toxicity - general anesthesia Vascular toxicity - decreased ability to regulate blood pressure Nutritional and metabolic toxicity - hypothermia
twenty-one	acute toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	dog	1500 mg/kg	Hepatotoxicity - decreased liver function
twenty-two	acute toxicity	intravenous injection	dog	125 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-three	acute toxicity	inhalation	cat	38110 ppm/2H	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-four	acute toxicity	subcutaneous injection	cat	300 mg/kg	Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity - other changes Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Hemotoxicity - bleeding
twenty-five	acute toxicity	Oral	rabbit	5760 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-six	acute toxicity	skin surface	rabbit	>20 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-seven	acute toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	rabbit	477 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-eight	acute toxicity	subcutaneous injection	rabbit	3 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
twenty-nine	acute toxicity	intravenous injection	rabbit	5840 mg/kg	Behavioral toxicity - excitement Behavioral toxicity - coma Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity - dyspnea
thirty	acute toxicity	Oral	guinea pig	5760 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-one	acute toxicity	inhalation	guinea pig	20000 ppm/2h	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-two	acute toxicity	skin surface	guinea pig	>9400 μ L/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-three	acute toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	chicken	4497 mg/kg	Gastrointestinal toxicity - small intestinal ulcer or bleeding Gastrointestinal toxicity - other changes
thirty-four	acute toxicity	inhalation	frog	58 gm/m three	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-five	acute toxicity	Oral	mammal	6 mg/kg	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-six	acute toxicity	inhalation	mammal	34500 mg/m three	No values other than lethal dose were reported for detailed effects
thirty-seven	Chronic toxicity	Oral	Rat	four thousand and eight hundred μ L/kg/8W-I	Behavioral toxicity - affects food intake (animals) Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis, fibrosis (cirrhosis, postnecrotic scar) Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity - changes in renal tubules (including acute renal failure and acute tubular necrosis)
thirty-eight	Chronic toxicity	Oral	Rat	1200 mg/kg/12W-I	Hepatotoxicity - changes in liver weight Biochemical toxicity - inhibition or induction of liver microsomal mixed functional oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical toxicity - inhibiting transaminase activity and changing the spatial structure of transaminase
thirty-nine	Chronic toxicity	Oral	Rat	four thousand one hundred and ninety-seven μ g/kg/28D-I	Hepatotoxicity - other changes
forty	Chronic toxicity	Oral	Rat	400 mg/kg/10D-I	Hepatotoxicity - changes in liver weight Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity - weight loss or weight gain rate decrease Biochemical toxicity - inhibiting transaminase activity and changing the spatial structure of transaminase
forty-one	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	41 mg/m three /4H/8D-I	Endocrine toxicity - hypothyroidism
forty-two	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	61 mg/m three /90D-C	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Hepatotoxicity - other changes
forty-three	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	400 ppm/1H/46D-I	Hepatotoxicity - changes in liver weight
forty-four	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	200 ppm/7H/27W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis (hepatocyte necrosis), banded Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Chronic disease related toxicity - death
forty-five	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	50 ppm/3H/8W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration
forty-six	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Rat	400 ppm/8H/46W-I	Peripheral neurotoxicity - changes in the structure of nerves or nerve sheaths Chronic disease related toxicity - death
forty-seven	Chronic toxicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	thirty-one thousand and two hundred μ L/kg/12W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis, fibrosis (cirrhosis, postnecrotic scar)
forty-eight	Chronic toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	four thousand and two hundred μ L/kg/2W-I	Hepatotoxicity - other changes Blood toxicity - changes in serum components (such as TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical toxicity - inhibition or induction of phosphatase
forty-nine	Chronic toxicity	Oral	mice	8750 mg/kg/14D-I	Hepatotoxicity - changes in liver weight Endocrine toxicity - changes in spleen weight Chronic disease related toxicity - death
fifty	Chronic toxicity	Oral	mice	1080 mg/kg/90D-I	Hepatotoxicity - changes in liver weight Endocrine toxicity - changes in spleen weight Biochemical toxicity - inhibition or induction of phosphatase
fifty-one	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	mice	20 ppm/12W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis (hepatocyte necrosis), diffusion Blood toxicity - changes in serum components (such as TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical toxicity - inhibition or induction of enzymes
fifty-two	Chronic toxicity	Oral	dog	636 mg/kg/16D-I	Behavioral toxicity - muscle weakness Blood toxicity - coagulation factor changes Chronic disease related toxicity - death
fifty-three	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	dog	515 mg/m three /8H/6W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration
fifty-four	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	monkey	515 mg/m three /8H/6W-I	Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity - liver fibrosis Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity - weight loss or weight gain rate decrease Chronic disease related toxicity - death
fifty-five	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	monkey	61 mg/m three /90D-C	Hepatotoxicity - other changes Skin and accessory toxicity - hair changes
fifty-six	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	monkey	200 ppm/8H/46W-I	Peripheral neurotoxicity - changes in the structure of nerves or nerve sheaths
fifty-seven	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	rabbit	515 mg/m 3/ 8H/6W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration
fifty-eight	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	rabbit	61 mg/m three /90D-C	Hepatotoxicity - other changes
fifty-nine	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	rabbit	100 ppm/7H/30W-I	Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity - weight loss or weight gain rate decrease
sixty	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	rabbit	100 mg/m three /3H/35W-I	Hepatotoxicity - decreased liver function Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity - changes in urine components Immunotoxicity - decreased immune response
sixty-one	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	guinea pig	515 mg/m three /8H/6W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity - weight loss or weight gain rate decrease Chronic disease related toxicity - death
sixty-two	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	guinea pig	61 mg/m three /90D-C	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity - weight loss or weight gain rate decrease Chronic disease related toxicity - death
sixty-three	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	guinea pig	100 ppm/7H/33W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis (hepatocyte necrosis), diffusion Chronic disease related toxicity - death
sixty-four	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	guinea pig	25 ppm/8H/46W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatolenticular degeneration Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity - other changes Endocrine toxicity - other changes
sixty-five	Chronic toxicity	inhalation	Hamster	100 ppm/12W-I	Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis (hepatocyte necrosis), diffusion Blood toxicity - changes in serum components (such as TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical toxicity - inhibition or induction of enzymes
sixty-six	Eye toxicity	skin surface	rabbit	4 mg	Less effective
sixty-seven	Eye toxicity	skin surface	rabbit	500 mg/24h	Less effective
sixty-eight	Eye toxicity	Eye penetration	rabbit	two thousand and two hundred μ g/30s	Less effective
sixty-nine	Eye toxicity	Eye penetration	rabbit	500 mg/24h	Less effective
seventy	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Salmonella typhimurium	twenty μ L/L	-
seventy-one	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Escherichia coli	12500 ng/well	-
seventy-two	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Escherichia coli	300 ppm	-
seventy-three	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Escherichia coli	two hundred μ g/well	-
seventy-four	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	2 gm/L	-
seventy-five	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Aspergillus nidulans	5000 ppm	-
seventy-six	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Aspergillus nidulans	5000 ppm	-
seventy-seven	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Aspergillus nidulans	5000 ppm	-
seventy-eight	Mutagenic toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	three hundred and sixty-seven μ mol/kg	-
seventy-nine	Mutagenic toxicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	31 mg/kg/12W (intermittent)	-
eighty	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Rat liver	3 mmol/L	-
eighty-one	Mutagenic toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	100 mg/kg	-
eighty-two	Mutagenic toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	100 mg/kg	-
eighty-three	Mutagenic toxicity	Oral	Rat	1400 mg/kg	-
eighty-four	Mutagenic toxicity	Oral	Rat	50 mg/kg	-
eighty-five	Mutagenic toxicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	31 mg/kg/12W (intermittent)	-
eighty-six	Mutagenic toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	mice	three hundred and sixty-seven μ mol/kg	-
eighty-seven	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Mouse liver	ten μ mol	-
eighty-eight	Mutagenic toxicity	Oral	mice	three hundred and thirty-five μ mol/kg	-
eighty-nine	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Mouse lymphocyte	six thousand five hundred and fifty μ mol/L	-
ninety	Mutagenic toxicity	Oral	mice	100 mg/kg	-
ninety-one	Mutagenic toxicity	Oral	mice	2 mg/kg	-
ninety-two	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Hamster fetus	five hundred μ g/L	-
ninety-three	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Hamster lung	1600 umol/L	-
ninety-four	Mutagenic toxicity	-	Mammalian lymphocyte	1 mmol/L	-
ninety-five	carcinogenicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	15600 mg/kg/12W-I	Carcinogenicity - possible carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
ninety-six	carcinogenicity	Oral	mice	4400 mg/kg/19W-I	Carcinogenicity - tumor (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor Skin and accessory toxicity - tumor
ninety-seven	carcinogenicity	Extraintestinal	mice	305 mg/kg/30W-I	Carcinogenicity - possible carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
ninety-eight	carcinogenicity	Oral	Hamster	9250 mg/kg/30W-I	Carcinogenicity - possible carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - hepatitis, fibrosis (cirrhosis, postnecrotic scar) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
ninety-nine	carcinogenicity	Oral	mice	12 mg/kg/88D-I	Carcinogenicity - tumor (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
one hundred	carcinogenicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	100 mg/kg/25W-I	Carcinogenicity - possible carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
one hundred and one	carcinogenicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	31 mg/kg/12W-I	Carcinogenicity - possible carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
one hundred and two	carcinogenicity	subcutaneous injection	Rat	182 mg/kg/70W-I	Carcinogenicity - Carcinogenicity (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor Endocrine toxicity - thyroid tumor
one hundred and three	carcinogenicity	Oral	mice	8580 mg/kg/9W-I	Carcinogenicity - tumor (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
one hundred and four	carcinogenicity	Oral	mice	57600 mg/kg/12W-I	Carcinogenicity - tumor (according to RTECS standard) Hepatotoxicity - Tumor
one hundred and five	Reproductive toxicity	Oral	Rat	2 mg/kg, 7-8 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - increased mortality after implantation
one hundred and six	Reproductive toxicity	Oral	Rat	3 mg/kg, 14 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - producing additional embryonic structures (e.g. placenta, umbilical cord)
one hundred and seven	Reproductive toxicity	Oral	Rat	150 mg/kg, 8 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - affecting the mother Reproductive toxicity - increased mortality after implantation
one hundred and eight	Reproductive toxicity	Oral	Rat	750 mg/kg, 6-15 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - increased mortality after implantation
one hundred and nine	Reproductive toxicity	inhalation	Rat	300 ppm/7h, 6-15 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - fetal toxicity (such as fetal dysplasia, but not death) Reproductive Toxicity - Musculoskeletal Dysplasia Reproductive toxicity - abnormal homeostasis
one hundred and ten	Reproductive toxicity	inhalation	Rat	250 ppm/8h, 10-15 days after female conception	Reproductive toxicity - affects the newborn vitality index (if alive on the 4th day of life) Reproductive toxicity - other changes
one hundred and eleven	Reproductive toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	71500 mg/kg, 15 days before male breeding	Reproductive toxicity - changes in testis, epididymis and vas deferens Reproductive toxicity - changes in prostate, seminal vesicle, Cooper's gland and accessory glands
one hundred and twelve	Reproductive toxicity	intraperitoneal injection	Rat	5 mg/kg, one day before male breeding	Reproductive toxicity - affects male fertility
one hundred and thirteen	Reproductive toxicity	Extraintestinal	Rat	2384 mg/kg, 18 days after female pregnancy	Reproductive toxicity - fetal toxicity (such as fetal dysplasia, but not death) Reproductive toxicity - abnormal development of hepatobiliary system

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