The main group elements are chemicallyelementA classification ofperiodic tableThe elements of the s and p areas in the.Another definition of the main family element is that except the outermost layerElectronic layerThe number of electrons in the other electron layers is fullchemical element。periodic tableIn addition to transition metals, lanthanides, actinidesinert gasAll other elements are main family elements.
Main group element (represented by "A"): all the elements with the last electron filled in the ns or np sublayer are main group elements, and their family number is equal to the number of outermost electrons of the atom（Noble gasExcept).There are 7 main groups in the periodic table, IA~VIIA. Noble gases are usually represented by zero group.[1]
The atomic number of elements of the same main group gradually increases from top to bottom, the number of electron layers gradually increases, the atomic radius gradually increases, the ability to obtain electrons gradually decreases, the ability to lose electrons gradually increases, and the metallicity of elements gradually increases,NonmetallicGradually decrease,Gaseous hydrideThe stability gradually decreases.Main family elements inaqueous solutionThe ions (including oxyacid radical) in are colorless.
Acidity of hydrates corresponding to the highest valence oxide: HClO4>HBrO4>HIO4
Horizontalperiodic table of ele mentsThe main table has 7 rows and 18 columns.Seven lines are seven cycles.Column 18 is divided into 16 families (7 main families, 7Accessory family, family 8 and family 0): from left to right, family IA and family IIA (main families 1 to 2, columns 1 to 2);Group IIIB, Ⅳ B, Ⅴ B, Ⅵ B, Ⅶ B (the 3rd to 7th sub groups, the 3rd to 7th columns, of which the 3rd column contains lanthanides andActinide element, two rows outside the main table, 15 elements in each row);Family VIII (the 8th family, columns 8-10);Family Ⅰ B, Family Ⅱ B (the first to second sub families, columns 11 to 12);Ⅲ A, Ⅳ A, Ⅴ A, Ⅵ A, Ⅶ A (main families 3 to 7, columns 13 to 17) and 0 (columns 18).[1]
