X-ray diffraction method

Scientific research method of using X-ray to detect certain molecular or crystal structure

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X-ray diffraction method , refers to the use of X-ray Detect some molecule or crystal Structural research methods.

Chinese name: X-ray diffraction method
Foreign name: X-ray scattering techniques

Headword: X-ray diffraction method
Purpose: X-ray To study crystal in atom array

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brief introduction

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X-ray diffraction method , refers to the use of X-ray Detect some molecule Or research methods of crystal structure.^[1]

invention

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This method is defined by Max von Laue Invented in 1912, he gained The nobel prize in physics 。^[1]

principle

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The essence of X-ray is an electromagnetic wave, which can occur diffraction , that is, to spread around obstacles. This method utilizes this principle. The reason why X-ray is used is that the wavelength of X-ray is not much different from the size of most molecules or crystal cells, which can diffract in the microstructure of molecules or crystals, and can be Unit cell Absorbs a part of it, and the penetration is moderate, so it can be similar to Penetrating electron microscope Then, by receiving the X-ray after passing through the molecule, clear atlas 。^[1]

practical application

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This method has made great contributions to the development of chemistry and biology. Up to 2013, obtained by scientific research through this method Nobel Prize Of the scientists, there are at least 6. They are

one
In 1914, Max von Laue （ Germany ）, get The nobel prize in physics 。
two
In 1915, Prague and Son （ britain ）, get The nobel prize in physics 。
three
In 1936, Debye （ britain / Netherlands ）, get Nobel Prize in Chemistry 。
four
In 1962, Francis Harry Compton Crick and James Dewey Watson obtained Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 。^[2]
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In 1964, Hodgkin （ britain / Egypt ）， Nobel Prize in Chemistry 。
six
In 1985, Hauptmann Wait for 3 people, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 。^[1]

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