Magdeburg

Capital of Saxony Anhalt, Germany

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synonym Magdeburg (Saxony Anhalt, Germany) generally refers to Magdeburg

Magdeburg is located in Elbe River It was built in 805 and became a prosperous commercial center in the 13th century Hanseatic League Key members and establish a system of urban autonomy, namely“ Magdeburg method ”。 Thirty Year War During this period, 30000 residents of the city died 20000. the Second World War The bomb destroyed most of the city, Romanesque And Gothic churches survived. Now Saxony Anhalt The capital of. yes Honshu after Harley The second largest city in Beijing, is also the capital of the Christian and Catholic dioceses. It has two institutions of higher learning Anniversary celebration 。

Chinese name: Magdeburg
Foreign name: Magdeburg
Administrative Region Category: capital
Region: Saxony Anhalt
geographical position: 52°8′N，11°37′E
Area: 11526 km²
Government residence: Alter Markt 639104 Magdeburg

Area Code: 0391
Postal Code: 06502
population size: 228515 (2005)
Famous scenic spot: Magdeburg Water Bridge, Magdeburg Cathedral, etc
Airport: Magdeburg Airport
train station: Magdeburg Railway Station
Sovereign state: Germany
Federal State: Saxony Anhalt

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Magdeburg Water Bridge

primary Democratic Germany A special area in the west. A city in eastern Germany on the Elbe River near the Sino German Canal and Elbe Havel Canal At the intersection, Germany Saxony Anhalt The capital of. It is the second largest city in the state after Harley, and also three Regional Center one of. Germany became Saxony Anhat Part of. Area 11526 square kilometre 。 The population is 1.259 million (1983). Most of them are plains, and there are Haz Mountain 。 The climate is mild, Annual precipitation About 500 mm; More than 1000 mm in mountainous areas. Yibei River flows from south to north. Heavy industry Machinery manufacturing , steel, chemistry, food processing, etc. In the south lignite 、 sylvite exploitation. Wheat beet Feed, planted in other regions Rye 、 oats , potatoes. Animal Husbandry To feed Dairy cattle And pigs. There are dense railways and highway network The Elbe River and the Sino German Canal are open to navigation. Major cities include Magdeburg Halberstadt 、 Schenebeck , Stendar, etc.

Because this city was once a Otto I Is famous for its palace. Otto I was probably the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire established in 962. In 2005, Magdeburg held the city building 1200 Anniversary celebration 。

Linguistically, the name "Magdeburg" can be traced back to the word "Magadoburg", which may mean "Mä chtige Burg" (Chinese: powerful castle). It was recorded as a commercial center in 805 AD. Used to be“ Hanseatic League ”Key members. One of the largest industrial, commercial and transportation centers in China. It has the largest heavy machinery manufacturing in China Joint venture , and General machinery , shipbuilding, chemistry refine sugar And other departments. It has many universities and scientific research institutions such as medicine, heavy machinery and Yongyun economy. There are churches built from the 13th to the 16th century and city halls built from the 16th to the 17th century.

Magdeburg

Development history

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the medieval times

Magdeburg is one of the most important medieval cities in Europe. Holy Roman Emperor Otto I lived here for most of his reign and was buried in the cathedral here after his death. Important events in the city include:

In 805, Magdeburg was first mentioned in Diedenhof Capital.

In 919, Henry I built a fortification at Magdeburg to defend himself magyar People and Slavs.

In 929, Henry I arranged for his son Otto I to marry Edward the Elder's daughter Edith. At their wedding, Edith received a wedding gift --- Magdeburg. Edith has a unique love for this city and often lives here.

In 937, a royal gathering was held in Magdeburg. At the same time, St. Morris Abbey, the predecessor of Magdeburg Cathedral, was established.

In 946, Queen Edith died and was buried in Monastery The basement of.

In 1968, at the Ravenna Religious Conference, the post of Archbishop of Magdeburg was established. The Archbishop played an important role in Germany's colonization of East Slavic lands on the Elbe River.

In 973, Otto I died and was buried in Maddeburg Cathedral.

In 1035, Magdeburg was granted the privilege of holding trade exhibitions and conferences, and tourists from all countries began to gather here.

In 1118, Magdeburg was almost destroyed by fire.

In the 13th century, Magdeburg became a member of the Hanseatic League. During the Hanseatic League Brussels 、 Antwerp 、 Cologne 、 Nuremberg 、 Lübeck , Padova Mantova , Cremona Verona 、 Piacenza , Milan, Genoa Florence , Mace and Strasbourg Imperium Romanum Cities with more than 20000 residents. Magdeburg has an autonomous model called Magdeburger Recht, which was later Eastern Europe Many cities of. The citizens of Magdeburg fought with the bishop unremittingly, and by the end of the 15th century, they were basically independent of the bishop.

In 1524, Martin Luther came to Magdeburg, where he had studied, and began to advocate and promote the city to rebel from Catholicism. The religious reform quickly attracted a group of believers in Magdeburg.

Holy Roman Empire emperor charles v Once again, Magdeburg, which has joined the Alliance of Torgau and Schmalkadic League, is declared illegal because it did not accept the "temporary edict" of the Holy Roman Empire.

In the following years, Magdeburg became the "fortress" of Protestantism and the first city to publish Martin Luther's works.

New era

In 1631 Thirty Year War In, the armies of the Holy Roman Empire raided Magdeburg and caused a massacre. During the Magdeburg looting, about 20000 residents were killed and the city was burned. After the war, only 400 people remained in the destroyed city.

Main entry: Magdeburg Robbery

In 1648, the Westphalia Peace Treaty stipulated that Magdeburg would be incorporated into Brandenburg Prussia after the death of the then administrator. In 1654, Otto von Curick carried out the famous Magdeburg Hemisphere Experiment.

In 1680, after the death of the last administrator, Brandenburg Prussia It annexed Magdeburg and established it as a semi autonomous "Magdeburg Principality".

In 1806 Napoleonic Wars During this period, Magdeburg surrendered to the French army and became part of the kingdom of Westphalia under French control.

In 1815, after the Napoleonic War, Prussia established Saxony Province, with Magdeburg as its capital.

In 1912, the fort was demolished.

In 1945, the Second World War During this period, Magdeburg was almost completely destroyed under the Allied artillery fire. In Germany, its destruction is second only to Dresden. The United States and Soviet Union Our troops occupied the city, but American troops withdrew first.

From 1945 to 1990, many pre war urban buildings were destroyed, and only a few buildings near the cathedral remained in the pre war state. stay Unification of Germany and Germany Previously, Magdeburg belonged to Democratic Germany.

In 1990, Magdeburg became the new Saxony Anhalt The capital of.

In 1994, Magdeburg became the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese.

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Magdeburg geographical position Make it a waterway, railway and highway Transport hub 。

waterway

Water passage Elbe River You can reach the seaport in Hamburg and Dresden in the south Czech Republic 。 The nearby "Magdeburger Wasserstrassekreuz" (German: Magdeburger Wasserstrassekreuz) enables Magdeburg to communicate the east-west traffic through the "Middle Earth Canal" (German: Mittellandkanal) and "Elbe River Harvey River Canal". Ships can reach through these canals Ruhrgebiet 、 Berlin and poland 。 Magdeburg Elbe River Port consists of four independent ports: canal port, industrial port Hanseatic League Port and Commercial port It is also the largest inland port in central Germany. A ship lock is under construction. After completion, the Hanseatic League port and canal port can reach the water level of the China Turkey Canal.

Railway

Railway Several different railways meet in Magdeburg. Main railway line Hanover - Magdeburg - Berlin, Wittenberge - Magdeburg - Harley, Magdeburg - Dessau - Leipzig and Railway branch line Direction: Loburg, Halberstadt, Oebisfelde, Sangerhausen meet at Magdeburg main railway station. Magdeburg Hbf ist ICE- sowie IC-Halt. Seit 2001 trägt eine Garnitur des Hochgeschwindigkeitszuges ICE 2 der Deutschen Bahn den Namen „Magdeburg“。 A planned "one hour beat" (one station per hour, these German cities The distance between them is about an hour's journey) The route is from Bremen By way of Hanover, Wolfsburg, Stenda, Magdeburg, Harley Dresden 。

highway

Highway Magdeburg is also an important Highway junction 。 There is an important east-west direction in the north of Magdeburg A2 Expressway (Hannover Magdeburg Berlin), A2 in Magdeburg and A14 expressway Intersection (Magdeburg Harley Leipzig). A14 road is planned to be extended to Schwerin, so Magdeburg can reach the north by road. (Altmark Expressway, German: Altmark Autobahn)

"Magdeburg Ring" (an urban expressway with the lowest Speed limit ）It runs through the north and south of Magdeburg and is part of Federal Highway 71, 81 and 189. East west direction Highway 1 After crossing Magdeburg, the east of Magdeburg is also the starting point of Highway 184.

air transport

Magdeburg Airport is located in the south of the air transport city.

religious education

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Magdeburg is the capital of the Christian and Catholic dioceses, with two institutions of higher education , Magdeburg Otto Von Guericke University and Magdeburg Stenda University of Applied Sciences 。

scenic spot

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Magdeburg, Germany Water bridge

Magdeburg Water Bridge

Germany Magdeburg Water Bridge The 918 meter long river crossing waterway bridge for ships to navigate on was started in 1997, completed in six years, and put into use in 2003.^[1] It connects the Mitrand Canal near Magdeburg in the east with the Elbe Havel Canal crossing the Elbe River in the west. There are both pedestrians walking on the bridge and ships sailing, forming a wonderful landscape of the bridge.

Magdeburg Canal Bridge in Germany, also known as Magdeburg Water Bridge, subverts the original reason for building the bridge in our minds, but also follows the role of all means of transportation. Magdeburg Water Bridge It was completed in October 2003, with a total length of 918 meters. It is also called a cross river waterway by Germans. It is an aqueduct connecting two important shipping canals in Germany: the Elbe Havel Canal and the Midland Canal near Magdeburg, and directly connects to the central area of Ruhr Valley, a German industrial center.

The original idea of engineers to connect the two waterways was put forward as early as 1919 Ship lift And the bridge anchorage was also installed in 1938, but the Second World War period, Construction project Was postponed. Subsequent Cold War During the period, Germany was divided, and the project was put on hold indefinitely by the East German government.

Reunification of Germany After, with road traffic Major projects With the preparation of the plan, Shuiqiao has again become a priority project. It was built in 1997. After six years of construction, it cost 500 million euros. The huge water bridge connects Berlin Inside of Dry port And Rhine Coastal ports. To make Transport ship The huge "bathtub" that can be built across the Elbe River has consumed a total of 24000 tons of steel and 68000 cubic meters of concrete.

Magdeburg Water Bridge is open to tourists and has parking lots, cycle path ， Sidewalk And other facilities.

Magdeburg Dom

Magdeburg Cathedral: Magdeburg is charlemagne It was established in 805 to serve as Trade port , but this city is Otto I The king's men have become more important. His tomb is weathered Gothic cathedral Li. This twin tower cathedral is the first cathedral of the same style in Germany. It was built in 1209 and completed in 1363. It is characterized by the high dome inside, and has collected works of art spanning eight centuries.

Magdeburg Gilded Cavalry Holy image information

Built around 1240, Magdeburg Art History The most important historic site in Germany ancient Greek Cavalry statues after the era. however city hall The one in front is just an imitation, and the authentic one can be seen in the Kulturhistorisches Museum.

Magdeburg Wickmiller Theatre Company - Caballe

The two central figures of Magdeburger Zwickm ü hle are well known and highly praised throughout the German speaking region. The troupe is located in Leiterstra ß e and plays the most traditional political Kabarett.

South Gallery

Several times a year in Galerie S ü d modern art Exhibition of. come from Saxony Anhat Artists from around the world exhibit their paintings, prints, sculptures, photography and textiles here. The climax is the monthly opening ceremony of the exhibition. People talk about art and artists in the sound of music, and the atmosphere is relaxed and happy.

Puppetry

Puppen theater ）It is not only the expert who can see the truth long ago. The puppetry theater is suitable for children and adults to watch, both classic fairy tales and modern dramatic work 。 The excellent Buckauer Hofspektakel is now Open-air theater (Open Air Theater), which brings the summer activities to a climax. There are drama, puppet show, music and dance programs.

festival

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Magdeburg City Festival

At Magdeburger Stadtfest, from Dom to University ä tsplatz, there are retail stalls, stages, flywheels and stages along the road. Along the way, tourists can enjoy various stage programs and even different radio and television programs in the region. In addition, the live performance of the band also brings great music enjoyment to the audience.

Melting snowman

During Easter, people held a large-scale event in Elbauenpark fireworks ceremony Say goodbye to winter. People put up a "fire tower" filled with firewood, with a Scheemann made by Magdeburg Theater Studio on the top. Fireworks lit up, indicating that people finally drove the cold winter out of Elbauenpark.

Magde Cathedral

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Main entry: Cathedral of Magdeburg

The most famous building in Magdeburg is the Cathedral of St. Catherine and St. Morris. It is 104 meters high and is the highest church in eastern Germany.

Cathedral Its predecessor is a church built in 937 in the monastery, called St. Morris Church. In 973, Otto I Wedding with his wife here. In 1207, St. Morris was completely burned down. For a long time, the exact location of the church was unknown until May 2003.

The construction of the new church lasted 300 years. The Cathedral of St. Catherine and St. Morris is the first Gothic cathedral in Germany Church architecture 。

Although the Cathedral was a building that survived the Thirty Years' War World War II In the meantime, it was still damaged. However, restoration work was then carried out and completed in 1955.