Posthumous title refers to the words that people of relatively high social status give or praise or demote after their life deeds are evaluated after their deathWestern Zhou Dynasty, once widely used inChinese character cultural circle。The merits and demerits of a character can not be described clearly in a few words. The ancients, for the convenience of historical figuresfinal judgement, choose the posttitle to summarize.In general, the emperors, empresses andVassalsMinisters, etcsocial positionAfter the death of a relatively high figure, the imperial court will give him a title with evaluation significance based on his deeds, which is the posthumous title in the usual sense.The posthumous title is used to highly summarize the life of a historical figure.
According to the Western Zhou DynastyBronze InscriptionOf research, aboutKing Mu of ZhouDuring the period, it was common to add posthumous titles to the deceased who had higher status or higher status.[1]
Posthumous title is a word that posterity gives evaluation after death.The number of words is uncertain, or one or two words, or more than 20 words, and the situation is more complex.
The system of posthumous title was formed, and the traditional saying isWestern Zhou DynastyIn the early period, namely, Yizhou Book·Posthumous methodTheDuke ZhouTitle:.But since modern times,Wang GuoweiEquivalent basisInscriptions on bronzeThe conclusion drawn from the textual research should be formed in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, when King GongI-Wang This statement has been widely recognized.
The posthumous title system was widely implemented by the Zhou royal family and various countries during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period untilFirst Emperor of QinIt was thought that the posthumous title was suspected of "son arguing with father and minister arguing with king", so it was abolished.Until the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the posthumous title system was restored.
In ancient China, the title of emperor was often associated with the year, posthumous title, and temple,Tang GaozuIt's the temple name,Emperor Yang of the Sui DynastyIt's the posthumous title,QianlongIt's the year.Generally, the earliest emperors used more posthumous titles, later temple names, and the Ming and Qing dynasties often used more year names.
Most emperors in the Xia and Shang dynasties were called Ganzhi, for exampleTaijia、Concha porosa、Pan Geng、Dixin, the previous evidence is a sacrificial method (reference《The wasteland of history》）The following word indicates the day of sacrifice.For example, Pan Geng refers to offering sacrifices to ancestors on Geng Day, which is also a summary of the ruling history of ancestors.Pan refers to the sacrificial way of beating Panqing.The posthumous title isZhou DynastyAt first, butKing Wu of ZhouIt is not a posthumous title, but a self styled name,King Zhao of Zhou、King Mu of ZhouAt the beginning, it is the posthumous title.
The posthumous title refers to a person's life with one or two wordsGeneralThe evaluation is the final conclusion.Wen, Wu, Ming, Rui, Kang, Jing, Zhuang, Xuan, and Yi were all posthumous titles. Emperor Hui was mediocre, such asEmperor Huidi of Han Dynasty、Jin HuidiThey are all incompetent, Zhidi, ChongdiShaodi(It is called by later generations, not a formal posthumous title) It is often those who ascended the throne at an early age and died early. Li, Ling, and Yang are all bad posthumous titles. Ai and Si are not good words, but they also have a sense of sympathy. They are generally used as monarchs in the middle and late dynasties, such as Emperor Chongzhen in the late Ming Dynasty who pursued the posthumous title of Si Zong.The overthrown in the coup was called the Abolished Emperor (later generations, not the official posthumous title).Name of the subjugated monarchThe Last Emperor。in additionking of Wu in the Three Kingdoms EraThis is a special case. His posthumous title is Great Emperor, which is unique in China.
The posthumous title began in the Zhou Dynasty. In addition to the Emperor, the princes and ministers also had posthumous titles.The Han Dynasty advocated the rule of filial piety, and all emperors' posthumous titles had a character of filial piety, such as Xiaohui, Xiaowen, Xiaojing, and Xiaoxian.Emperor Xian of the Han DynastyAfter he diedthe Wei state of the Three-Kingdoms PeriodThe posthumous title given to him is Emperor Xiaoxian, and "Xian" is the posthumous title of Ping, meaning "intelligent". From this, we can also see that the Cao Wei regime actually recognized Emperor Xian of Han DynastyLiu XieOf.
according toZhou Rites, Son of HeavenSeven templesThat is to say, the Son of Heaven only respects his ancestors for seven generations, but if there is a temple number, it will be kept for generations. If there is no temple number, when a certain time comes, he will "destroy as much as possible". Instead of keeping his temple, he willGodAttached to other temples.The temple name isEast AsiaThe name of the local emperor when he was worshipped in the temple is generally believed that the ancestors have meritorious deeds and the ancestors have virtue.At first, there were not many emperors with temple names, such as the Han Dynasty,Liu BangIt's Taizu,Liu CheShizong,Liu XunyesZhongzong，reigned as Guangwu DiShizu, not every emperor has a temple behind him.This ancestor, like the European emperor, must have special achievements. Generally, it is the emperor who founded the country or saved the country, and is called Zhongxing.
type
Posthumous methodAt the beginning, there were only "beautiful posthumous titles" and "flat posthumous titles", not "bad posthumous titles".The posthumous titles of good and evil originated from the Western Zhou DynastyRepublican administrationLaterKing Li ZhouBecause of the tyranny, "the mouth of defending the people is better than the mouth of defending Sichuan" was posthumously titled "Li". In addition“unofficial posthumous title conferred by the people or one's relatives”。The posthumous title is selected according to the posthumous title method, which stipulates some words with fixed meaning for selection when determining posthumous title.These words are roughly divided into the following categories:
Upper posthumous title, i.e. the posthumous title of praise category, such as "Wen", which means the talent of "Jingwei Tiandi" or the moral character of "broad-minded" and "diligent in learning and inquiring";"Kang" means "comfort the people";"Flat" means "Bugang governs the period".
Next:It is the posthumous title of criticism, for example, "Yang" means "good courtesy at home and far away", "Li" means "cruel and slow without relatives", "killing innocent people", "Huang" means "good pleasure and neglect of government", "from outside to inside chaos", "You" means "blocking and blocking", "Ling" means "chaos without damage", etc.
"Next posthumous title"“Bad posthumous title”：King Li ZhouHe was a greedy monarch. "Guoren" started a riot, and he fled to Yu (today's ShanxiHuozhouShidongbei) and died there. "Li" was the "evil posthumous title" that reprimanded him.
Ping Shi, mostly sympathetic posthumous titles, such as "Min", which means "to be worried in the country", "to meet difficulties in the country";"Huai" means "merciful and short".
The above three types of posthumous titles generally belong toOfficial posthumous title。
unofficial posthumous title conferred by the people or one's relatives: It is the posthumous title agreed by relatives, students and former officials after the death of a famous scholar or scholar official;"Private posthumous titles" began at the weekend and flourished in the Han Dynasty.
development
Not all emperors had temple names, but all had posthumous titles, so most emperors before the Tang Dynasty had posthumous titles.Everyone has had a temple name since Tang Dynasty, so people are used to calling it.The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties usually use one year for a lifetime（One yuan for one lifetime）, so people are used to calling him his yearMing YingzongUsed two years (orthodox,Tianshun）Because he was captured by the Oirats,DaizongAfter he was put back, he becameoverlordWhen Daizong was seriously ill, he launched a coup（The change of seizing the door）He became emperor again, so he had two years.In addition, the original year of Tongzhi is calledSincerely, YesSushunThey made it, soonCixiThey launched a coup, killed Sushun, and changed the title to Tongzhi. The original title was not called, and people used to call itTongzhi Emperor。
Sometimes, those who do not want to be emperors will be revered as emperors after death, such asCao Cao、Sima YiFather and son, there is also Dourgen. After his death, he was honored as Emperor Cheng Zongyi by Fulin, but that was just a stopgap measure. Within a month, Fulin imprisoned Dourgen's brotherAzigAnd others, and then announced that Dourgen had usurped his home with the intention of usurping. Naturally, the title of Cheng Zongyi Emperor disappeared.
The posthumous title refers to the title of praise or demotion or sympathy given to the dead imperial concubines, vassals, ministers and other people of high status according to their life stories. It began in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Zhou GongdanandChi-Kou-Go-Istu Great contributionPeriventricular, posthumously awarded.This is the beginning of Shi Fa.《Zhou Rites》It said, "A small funeral is granted a posthumous title." A small funeral refers to a period of time after death.The Yizhoushu Shifa Interpretation: "The posthumous title means the trace of doing things; the number means the merit; the chariot clothing means the chapter of the position. It is famous for its great deeds, and it is named carefully for its fine deeds. It comes from one's own deeds, and its name comes from people."
The posthumous title system has two main points: first, the posthumous title should conform to the person of the deceased, and second, the posthumous title should be evaluated and awarded by others after death.The posthumous title of the monarch was given byOfficialdomIt was confirmed that the accession emperor announced that the posthumous title of the minister was granted by the imperial court.The posthumous title is critical, which is equivalent to a final conclusion.
On June 2, 1927, a famous scholarWang GuoweiWhen he died of suicide, Puyi's "imperial edict" was titled "Zhongkuo", and the tombstone was inscribed with "Duke Zhongkuo Wang".English: See the Chinese and foreign names;To be virtuous and not confused;Sincerity leads to high aspirations;The exterior and interior are like the same, saying "good";In good faith, Zhongfu said;The frank emperor came down and said.internationally known sinologistIn its inscription, it said: "ThoughtNo freedomBetter die than die! "This is the end of China's posthumous title system.
First Emperor of QinSeeing that the posthumous title was suspected of "son arguing with father and minister arguing with king", it was abolished.He thinks he“Germany and the Three Emperors，Five Great Emperors”Then he linked "emperor" and "emperor" and began to call them "emperor"."The emperor" was more flattering than the posthumous title, so the highest rulers of all dynasties gladly accepted it.The posthumous title was restored in the Western Han Dynasty.
Grade
There are strict differences between the emperor and his officials. The posthumous title of the emperor was one word or two words before the Sui Dynasty, such as the emperor of the Western Han DynastyLiu YingPosthumous titles: HuidiLiu HengPosthumous titles: Emperor Wen, Emperor Jing, Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynastyreigned as Guangwu DiPosthumous titleEmperor GuangwuWait.However, since the Tang Dynasty, the number of posthumous titles of the emperor has gradually increased. For example, in the 13th year of Tianbao, Emperor XuanzongLi LongjiIt was decided to change the posthumous titles of the former emperor to seven characters, such asLi YuanHe is the "God Yao, Great Sage, Great Emperor Guangxiao",Li ShiminHe is the "Great Sage of Civil and Military Affairs, Emperor Daguang and Filial Piety".The posthumous titles of the emperors of all dynasties after the Tang Dynasty are generally longer, including Nurhachi of the Qing Dynasty, who was called the crown. The posthumous title can be as long as 25 words, "Chengtian Guangyun Shengde Divine Skill was born in the past, Li Jiren, Xiao Rui, Wu Duan, Yi Qin'an, Hongwen and DingyeEmperor Gao”It is also a wonderful work to accumulate beautiful words and Yi language.
Posthumous titleThe use of words for "" has specific specifications. You cannot use words at will or oppose the words of posthumous titlesArbitrary interpretation。
From the earliest classic document, Yizhoushu Shifa Jie, there were more than 100 kinds of posthumous titles in all dynasties, and about 400 posthumous titles were recorded, each of which has a special meaning.
Posthumous method
Announce
edit
object
The Emperor of the Zhou Dynasty, the princes of various countrieshigh ministers and noblesAnd his wife may have posthumous titles;
The Han Dynasty stipulated that only those who were granted posthumous titles were entitled to posthumous titles;
Provisions of the Tang DynastyOfficial officerOnly posthumous title can be obtained if the third grade or above;the tang dynastySecond gradeThe above officials are qualified for posthumous titles;
The posthumous title of a general scholar or hermit, which is added by his relatives, friends, students or former officials, is called Guangshi, which is different from that given by the court.
Posthumous title
The posthumous title of the emperor was obtained with the participation of the successor emperor;The posthumous title of the last emperor was posthumously given by the emperor of the next dynasty, or by the regime of the adherents, such as the posthumous title of Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty.Southern MingOn it is "Shao Tianyi Daogang Kejian Coyett Wenfen Wu Dunren Mao Xiaolie Emperor", and the posthumous title given to Chongzhen by later generations is "Zhuang Lie Emperor".
The posthumous title of the minister was granted by the imperial court, and was generally given by the Ministry of Rites（Officialdom）Presider, with the consent of the emperor, he was granted a posthumous title.The posthumous title refers to the title given by Wang, Gong, Qing, and Doctor (since the Han Dynasty, the emperor, minister, relative noble, scholar official) after his death according to his deeds.According to tradition, posthumous titles began in the Zhou Dynasty, eight hundred years earlier than temple titles, and the posthumous titles were limited to emperors.The emperor of the Shang Dynasty wasKing Zhou。King Zhou was named Xinzi《Historical Records, Yin Benji》Said:“DiyiBang, Zi Xinli, forDixinThe world is called Zhou. "The posthumous title is "Di" added before "Xin".There was a posthumous title in the Zhou Dynasty, butKing Wu of ZhouIt is not a posthumous title, but a temple.The Qin Dynasty once abolished posthumous titles. The First Emperor of Qin believed that it was disrespectful to give posthumous titles to sons (sub emperors) to discuss their fathers (ancestors), ministers to discuss their monarchs, and ministers to discuss their subordinates. Therefore, the Emperor of Qin did not have posthumous titles (nor temple names), nor did he give posthumous titles to ministers.In the early Han Dynasty, the posthumous title was restored.Before the burial of the late emperorPosthumous title, the posthumous title of the successor emperor.In the Han Dynasty, "rule the world with filial piety", since Emperor Huidi, the posthumous titles of all emperors have the word "filial piety"Xiao Huidi、Emperor Xiaowen、Emperor XiaojingEtc.In historical works, the word "filial piety" is omitted or the word "emperor" is omitted, such as "filial piety" and "Huidi".When the temple number and posthumous title are combined, the temple number comes first and the posthumous title comes last.for exampleMartial EmperorThe full name of "Shizong Xiaowu Emperor" is "Shizong Xiaowu Emperor".
The posthumous title was originally one word, but later two words, such as in the Warring States PeriodZhao Wuling King、Wei Anli King, there are three words, such as Zhen Huiwen Shi;Later generations have added more than one characterLong sentenceOf.The posthumous title contains commendatory and derogatory meanings. The highest commendatory words are Wen and Wu, and Cheng, Huan, Zhao, Mu, Jing and Ming are also commendatory words: Li, You and Yang are derogatory words. Chong, Shang, Jian, Ai, Mou and other posthumous titles express sympathy and also have some derogatory meanings.
According to previous records,Posthumous titleAt the time of burial.There are some special examples of the posthumous title before death: the crown prince of Chu killed his father, but unexpectedly his father had not closed his eyes. Although he could not speak, he opened his eyes hurriedly as if to speak. The crown prince changed his posthumous title to Cheng (calledKing Cheng of Chu）He just closed his eyes.Because the finished word is much better than the spirit word.In addition,Duke Weilingbecausedefend one's countryEscape to neighboring places due to turmoilVassal states，Beigong XiHe analyzed that Zhu Cul helped him to return to the country in order to pacify the country. Wei Linggong fulfilled his wish and was overjoyed, in order to commend the meritorious officials in pacifying the country.Unexpectedly, he immediately gave Beigong Xi the posthumous title of Zhenzi and Zhu Cul the title of Chengzi (son is a baron).The posthumous title given by two people is also an exception.Another exception, Emperor Wei MingCao RuiTwo years before he died, he was proclaimed "Emperor Wei Zhuang".
The posthumous title was granted after the death of your relatives and ministers. There was a system of dispute and refutation in the Tang and Song dynasties, namelyDr. Tai ChangOn the discussion, ifName and realityInconsistency,In progressIt can be refuted and discussed again;In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the posthumous title was drafted by the Ministry of Rites, which was approved by the emperor. Sometimes, the Ministry of Rites will draft more titles for the emperor to choose.
The posthumous titles granted by the imperial court are often praised and criticized, and some of them not only promote good, but also conceal evil.For example, the Tang DynastyXiao YuHis posthumous title is Zhen Gui. Zhen means he is upright, and Bian means he is suspicious.A beautiful title can also be taken, such asexecrated Song capitulationistAfter death,Song GaozongThe posthumous title of "Zhong Xian" means to praise him for his sacrifice, wisdom and integritySong NingzongWhen he took his former posthumous title and changed it to Miao Chou, that was to accuse him of being contrary to his name and his reputation.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the situation was more special, and it was stipulated that the posthumous title could be obtained only after the ceremony was performed.In other words, the person who received the posthumous title must be the official whom the court remembered and pitied. Naturally, the posthumous title does not mean derogatory, but the degree of praise varies.
Finally, an interesting question is whether the emperors and people who lost their government in previous dynasties had bad posthumous titles with them?The answer is not necessarily.Some of those who lost their political power also got good posthumous titles, such as Duke Mu of Chu who killed his father, and Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty.If the country is lostNew KoreaIt is easier for them to get a bad posthumous title.However, due to the attackLi ZichengIn order to meet the needs of Emperor Chongzhen, a posthumous title must be given to Emperor Chongzhen. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty gave the posthumous title to Emperor Chongzhen as "Respect for frugality and leniency, Wen Xiang, Wu Tiren, and deliver to Emperor Xiaozhuang Liemin".In addition to the official posthumous title, there are also private posthumous titles.Private title beginsEastern Zhou Dynasty。However, the private posthumous titles were not created by the imperial court, but by the disciples and former officials and famous scholars,RudongJinTao YuanmingHis private posthumous title was Jingjie Zhengshi,Northern Song DynastyLin BuHis private posthumous title was Mr. Hejing, known as Tao JingjieLin Hejing。Private posthumous titles were also common in the Song and Ming dynasties.
classification
There are three kinds of posthumous titles: commendatory, compassionate, and derogatory.
1. Beautiful posthumous titles, such as Zhuang, Wu, Wen, Xuan, Xiang, Ming, Rui, Kang, Jing and Yi.
2. Middle posthumous title: such as: Huai, Mourning, Mourning, Min, Si, and Shang, a little sympathetic.
3. Bad posthumous titles, such as Li, all contain negative meanings.
Note: As the title of evil is a criticism of the dead, it was a relatively repugnant thing in ancient times.Therefore, the Northern Song Dynasty made a stipulation that no evil posthumous title should be established, but only a beautiful posthumous title and a flat posthumous title.
Number of words
The number of posthumous titles began with one word, and then developed into many wordsCommendatory wordsStacking.In the case of one word or several words, people usually use posthumous titles to address emperors, such as Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty.
But fromWu ZetianCreated the superposition of the emperor during his lifetimeFlatteryThat is, the precedent of the posthumous title.Its essence has changed from objective evaluation to praise. The increase in the number of words is the development of the degree of praise.The posthumous title of the deceased emperor in the Tang Dynasty is abbreviated.The posthumous title of the Ming Dynasty emperor was sixteen words.The posthumous title of the Qing Dynasty reached 22 characters.With such a large number of words, of course, it can't be called as a name, but it can be used in a specific field.
Ancient explanation
Yi Zhou Shu Shi Fa Jie:
Weizhou Gongdan, Taigong Wang, inherited the king's career, and made contributions toMu ZhiYe, who will eventually be buried, is the posthumous title.Hence, the title of "Fa" was given.The posthumous title means the trace of travel.The number is a token of merit.Car service is the seal of position.It is named after great deeds, and named after fine deeds.
People's incompetence is called God.No name, no good.
Jingmin is called the emperor.Jing'an.
Virtue, like heaven and earth, is called emperor.Same as heaven and earth.
Benevolence and righteousness go to the king.People go back.
Determined to reach the public.It is selfless.
He should be called marquis by eight parties.The eight parties executing the contract shall do so.
Appreciate and celebrate the punishment of the emperor.Four things can be done.
From this group, I call you Jun.People follow it.
The praise of virtue is simply called saint.What is called man, what is good is true, what isBestowJane.
Honoring guests and honoring them is holy.Be thicker than courtesy.
The sun shines on the four sides.It should be illuminated clearly.
If one complains that he is not good, he will be clear.If you don't know it, you can't do it.
Jingwei heaven and earth say "Wen".Be successful.
Moral erudition is called literature.No one knows.
Study hard and ask questions.not feel ashamed to ask and learn from one 's subordinates.
Benevolence and love for the people is called literature.Benefiting in order to become a government.
Minmin Hui Li Yue Wen.Be gracious and courteous.
The people were granted the title of Yue Wen.Same level as.
Suirou scholars and people said virtue.Settle the people in order to live, settle the people in order to work.
It is virtue to admonish and argue against authority.Refuse to remonstrate without fear.
Rigidity and straightforwardness are called martial arts.Just have no desire, strong and unyielding.Loyalty and forgiveness are upright.
The power of the enemy is strong and the virtue of the enemy is strong.He who has virtue is the enemy.
A short turn at home will lead to sorrow.No home, no marriage.
A short break does not make a great loss.Know and die.
A hidden brush is not called a hidden brush.Do not change its nature by concealment.
He who does not show his corpse is called Yin.At leisureHost country。
When I see the beauty of a strong man, I say "Yin".It is better than its command.
The officials should know the truth.Able to be an official.
Go forth to worship and mourn.Rest assured and work hardworship of unorthodox godsWords do not cultivate virtue.
He died early in the middle of the year.The year is not worthy of ambition.
Fear begets mourning.From where you go, you risk destruction.
No valley in a bad year is called famine.Don't plough.
Outside and inside, chaos is called famine.No home, no government.
Delightful neglect of government means famine.They indulge in vocal music and neglect political affairs.
When you are worried in your country, you are called Min.There is still much mourning.(usually written as Min or Min)
In my country, I meet my bones and say "Min".The matter of soldiers and bandits.
The side of trouble is called Min.There is no government in the country, and there is a long period of chaos.
Make the people sad and sympathetic.Harsh politics and evil deeds.
Chastity and magnanimity are called Kuang.Correct mind and use less observation.
De Zhengying and Yue Mo.To be virtuous, to be harmonious.
Diligence and selflessness are called class.Selflessness is where righteousness lies.
Fruits are far away and bright.Self appointed, nearly professional.
To give is to love.Greed and joy.
He who is in danger offers up loyalty.It's easy to take risks.
Kewei's swift journey leads to Wei.There is a sense of authority.
Kewei Huili called Wei.Although the power is not against the courtesy.
Education grows with perseverance.Take Taoism as an example.
Zhao Min went straight.When you start to move quickly, you can't speak deeply.
The estranged successor was called Shao.Not his brother.
Good honesty will conquer the festival.Self defeating its lust.
It is easy to change the old days.Change from bad to normal.
To love people is to punish them.To govern by the Tao, we should unite them and follow the law.
Get rid of the remnant and abuse the soup.
One virtue is called simplicity.No injustice.
People say simple without Zi.Do not believe in destruction.
Respecting sagesGuiyiYue Gong.Respect the wise and favor the righteous.
I offer you my respect.Sacrifice.
Respecting the virtuous and giving way respectfully.Respect and virtue, make contributions.
Once you can change it to Gong.Words know themselves.
The deacon was firm and said to be respectful.Keep upright.
The elder brother of Aimin said Gong.Shunchang picks up his younger brother.
He salutes the imperial guests and says "Gong".Welcome the guests.
The house of pyrene is called Gong.Cultivate virtue to cover it.
Respecting the virtuous and making the good say respectfully.If you don't focus on your own good, push others.
His majesty was announced as Emperor Qin.The power is awesome, the instrument is like.
Great care calms the people.Think of tree benefits.
Pure travel is not satisfying, but it is settled.No harm will be done.
The great concern for the peace of the people has been settled.To secure the people.
In ancient times, the law of ensuring the well-being of the people was established.Do not lose the old meaning.
There is a virtue called Xiang when the land is opened up.Take it as righteousness.
an armorIf you have any trouble, please say Xiang.Expedition is urgent.
Be careful not to be afraid of Yueli.Think what you should avoid.(This work,Sima QianWriting to avoid father's tabooPer cent）
Zhiyuan was admonished and said Li.Deep reason can bear.
If there is a penalty, he will return it.beat a retreat in the face of difficulties.
Gentleness, virtue and kindness are called righteousness.Pure and elegant in nature.
The heart can make righteousness and measure.Make things right.
Wisdom, sagacity and wisdom make contributions.He who has the intelligence to inform.
Know that quality is sacred.There is some connection but no cover.
Five clans of peace are called filial piety.Five generations.
Kindness, favor and love are called filial piety.Zhou Ai's relatives.
To uphold virtue without returning is filial piety.Obey virtue without violating it.
It is called filial piety when we are in harmony.The beginning of cooperation.
Hold your heart and say Qi.Be self disciplined.
The Zifu Communist Party said Qi.With the help of resources, we have achieved common success.
It is urgent to be cautious and afraid.Zhen Jing.
Min speaks with respect and caution.Be quick and cautious.
Rou De and Anzhong said Jing.Greet all ambassadors.
Gongji said that he was calm.Respect yourself and hit the mark with less words.
At the end of the lenient order, he was called Jing.Be generous in nature and happy in righteousness, and end with kindness.
Wei De, Gang Wu, said Yu.Resist chaos.
Hu was called Hu after his birthday test.Jiuya.
Defending the people, the nobleman called Hu.Sixty is Qi, seventy is Ai.
Before making up, we passed the time of Yue Gang.Diligence makes up for mistakes.
The Congo is a fierce threat.If it is fierce, it is less wide.Fruit, dare to act.
Strong fruit makes great power.Better than just.
A strong sense of righteousness calls for prestige.Asking the truth is innocent.
He will not kill Yue Qi in his treatment.Constant perseverance.
Great care will be given to the examination of the festival.Words make a virtue.
To govern the people and overcome all obstacles, I will make envoys.There is no grace.
A good peace is called peace.Born but seldom broken.
Moral purity is thinking.Tao is big and virtue is one.
A large province augurs people's thoughts.Be close to people rather than kill them.
Thinking outside and inside is thinking.Speak well.
I think before regretting.Think and change.
See the Chinese and foreign saying.be the same outside and inside.
It is called reputation to describe the past and the present.It is called a statement.
Showing meritorious deeds and pacifying people is called commerce.Those who have done meritorious deeds.
Kill justice and say "barbarians".He who upholds government does not appoint a worthy person.
Be at ease and be quiet.Unhappy with politics.
To uphold righteousness and promote virtue is to cherish.Call people good.
Kindness and benevolence are called bosom after a short break.Less than 60, less than 30.
It is impossible to explain the meaning.No righteousness can be achieved.
He who has done meritorious deeds to pacify the people will be fierce.Use martial arts to make contributions.
To uphold virtue and respect industry is to be strong.
Gangke is Fayue Wing.Fell Gong.
Deep thinking makes wings.with great care.
Outside and inside, she is chaste and white again.Correct and repeated, always the same.
If you don't work hard to become famous, you are called Ling.Let your nature be your own.
To die and aspire to success is called spirituality.Nothing will kill you.
When death sees God, he can speak spiritually.If there is a ghost, there will be no violence.
Chaos does not damage the Japanese spirit.It is impossible to rule against disorder.
goodSacrificing ghostsStrange people call it spirit.Blasphemy never goes far.
I know that ghosts and gods call spirits.His intelligence is brilliant.
Killing innocent people is cruel.
Cruelty is relentless.
Be ruthless and unreasonable.
Help the evil and defy the right.
The long tongue steps are full of misfortune.
Bitterness without relatives is called stabbing.
Hurt and slow Jiuqing to stab.
If you don't think of peace and happiness, you will be stabbed.
I passed the stabbing.To remonstrate with Yue Duo is to hate him.
Don't forget love.He who forgets and loves himself.
The flea is short and turns sad.I didn't know the personnel for a long time.
Gong Ren made a short turn and said sorry.The body is respectful, the quality is benevolent, and the work has not been done.
It is impatient to change people.Count migration.
If you do not repent, you will be called surly.Know but do not change.
He was ugly when he went wild.Be reckless.
It is called secluded when blocked and blocked.Weakness does not defeat.
The flea solitary berth is quiet.The bunk is taken as a pawn.
It is often called secluded when the sacrificial activity is disorderly.The class of changing gods.
Softness is called wisdom after being admonished.Accept others in vain.
The name is not good, but the quality.Unhappy words correspond.
Gentle and happy are called good.It's good to talk about people.
Kindness and obedience prevail.It can make people obey their kindness.
Many learned people can say the Constitution.Although many can, not as good as the road.
Full of ambition and poor is confused.He who is self-sufficient will not be confused.
It is thick to think ill.Just as you think.
The good Neiyuan ceremony is called Yang.Friends at home, not polite.
Go to salute those far away and say Yang.Not polite, not pro long.
The internal and external guests are right.Let your words be true.
Zhang Yi hides Yue Jian.Clear meaning covers the front.
Chinese words without truth are boastful.Celebrate.
Opposing the weather and abusing people means resisting.Back to respect big and against it.
The name and the reality are cool.It hurts to speak well.
Choose the best and follow the best.Be better than others and follow them.
In addition to being a martial artist, Shi is also a scholar. In addition to being a martial artist, the land was created as Xiang, the clothes were far away as Huan, the rigid was for hair, the soft was for righteousness, and the walking was for Zhuang. There was a time when Shi was Xi, but not Xuan, and the benefits were no moral.If you lose your ambition and do not turn around, you will be enlightened by it.And, will also;Diligence and achievements.Observe;Cool, hurt;The beginning is the beginning;Nong, Zhiya;Kang, Anye;Parents, too.Enjoy and worship;Hu, Daya;If you are satisfied, you will lose.Bingyi, Shunyi;Yes, yes;Sincerely cold, too;Tin, and also;Classic, often also;Fourth, let go;穅, empty;澼 Shengyi;Hui, love;Sui, Anye;Strong, long;Qi is strong;Test, success;Zhou, Zhiya;Huai, think also;Formula, method;Cloth, Shi Ye;Quick and quick;Jie, Ke;Carry, things too;Mi, Jiuya.
After the first emperor of Qin unified China, he agreed to use "emperor" as the title of the supreme ruler. At the same time, because the determination of "posthumous title" would form a situation of "son arguing with father and minister arguing with king", the posthumous title law was abolished.Ying ZhengSelf styledfounder of imperial ChinaLater generations counted by number, such as the second and third generations.
The posthumous title system was restored in the Han Dynasty, and the posthumous title system became more and more strict, and was officially established in the imperial court“Dahong Lu”First position, management princefeudal lordsThe posthumous method of.After the Han Dynasty, posthumous titles were mostly two Chinese characters: Emperor Wen of the Han DynastyLiu HengThe "posthumous title" is "Emperor Xiaowen" (Emperor Xiaowen of the Han Dynasty), and Xiao He's posthumous title is Wen Zhonghou.
The Tang and Song dynasties were the development period of posthumous titles.On the one hand, Shi Fa became a great posthumous title for feudal emperors to meet their needsvanityAt the same time, it has become a means of appraising and criticizing officials.Beginning with Empress Wu Zetian, the old practice of posthumous titles of one, two and three characters of emperor was broken,She acts asEmpress DowagerLinchao systemShi Zhui: HusbandTang GaozongLi ZhiIt is the "Emperor of Heaven" with four characters.[2]After Wu Zetian became the emperor, she set a precedent for the emperor to respect the ancestors of the four generations, and also set a precedent for the emperor to superimpose praise on flattery. Some emperors can be honored several times when they are alive.astang xunzongIn the 27th year of the Kaiyuan era (AD 739), he was honored as "Kaiyuan Shengwen"Shenwu Emperor”。The accumulation of honorific titles also affected the accumulation of posthumous titles. Since Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, most emperors have posthumous titles of more than four characters.
The posthumous title of the emperor of the Song Dynasty was more flattering than that of the Tang Dynasty, and it also set a precedent for later generations to give posthumous titles to ministers.It is worth mentioning that Song Taizufounder of the Song dynastyimplementEmphasize literature and suppress martial artsTherefore, most of the posthumous titles of the ministers in the Song Dynasty were "Wen". At the end of the Song Dynasty, there were more than 140 posthumous titles of "Wen" and 20 posthumous titles of "Wu".
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the posthumous title was basically fixed.First, the number of posthumous titles of personnel at all levels was fixed.
The posthumous titles of emperors in the Ming Dynasty were 17 or 29 characters, including 1 for prince, 2 for prefecture and 2 for minister, such as
The posthumous title of Emperor Kangxi is: He Tian Hong Yun Wen Wu Rui Zhe Gong Jian Kuan Yu Xiao Jing Honest Zhong De Cheng Ren Emperor
Emperor XianfengHis posthumous title is Xie Tian Yiyun, the military saint of Mao Dezhen in Chumo, Xiao Yuan, Gong Duan Ren, Kuan Min, Jian Xian, the emperor
Emperor Qianlong's posthumous title is: Fa Tianlong, Yun Zhicheng, Xianjue, Ti Yuanli, Ji Fu, Wen Fenwu, Qin Ming, Xiao Ci, Sheng Chun, Emperor
The posthumous title of the ministers in the Qing Dynasty stipulated that if the minister of Yipin died, the emperor would be asked to decide whether to grant posthumous title.No posthumous title shall be granted to officials below the first grade unless specially ordered.Only those who have received posthumous titles have ever entered the Imperial Academy or been awarded a bachelor's degree can use the word "wen".Among the posthumous titles of "Wen", "Wenzheng" is the rarest;It can only come from the special purpose, and cannot be arbitrarily discussed by the officials;For more than 200 years in the Qing Dynasty, only eight people were awarded the posthumous title of "Wenzheng" (such asZeng Guofan）。The posthumous title below Wenzheng is: Wenzhong (such asLi Hongzhang）In the Qing Dynasty, only about ten people received this posthumous title;The next one is "Wenxiang" (only for those who are successful in martial arts, such asZuo Zongtang）, Wengong, Wencheng, etc.
God sages, civil and military, Cheng Kang, Yi Yuan, Zhang Xi (Li), Jing Xuanming, Zhao Zheng, respectfully, solemnly, Mu Dai, Yi Xiang, Lie Huan Wei, bravely and bravely conquer the village, and take (jade)Stable, simple and chaste, white Kuang, respectful and honest, thinking about Hao Xian and Yuan Gaoguang, heroic, broad-minded, loyal, benevolent, wise, prudent and courteous, Zhou Minxin, Da, Kuan, Li Kai, Qing, Zhi, Qin, Yi, Liang, Du, kind, Qi, Shen Wen, Mi, Hou, Chun, Qin, DuQi Guangshu, a humble friend, is frugal, intelligent, and thoughtful. He wants to meet Mao Yizhe, a teacher, a teacher, and a teacher. He is willing to be honest, honest, and harmonious
One hundred and thirty-one posthumous titles were given to the emperor.
The last sixty-six posthumous titles are used by both the barbarians and the people.
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emperor
Lament：In the morning, when I am lonely and short, I call you sad;Gong Ren made a short turn and said sorry;When virtue is not built, sorrow is called;Suffering already very sad;To execute an unjust person is to mourn
security：Good and no dispute make peace;Zhaomin is willing to wait for peace;Tolerance, peace and peace;Abundance and peace make peace;The only thing that is treasured is the virtue, which is called safety;Ren Yue'an in the central house;Cultivate oneself, pacify people, and say peace;Do not argue about morality, but be safe;Zhuang respectfully and politely said "An";Be respectful and courteous and say "An";The appearance and solemnity are fixed on saying "An";Ending in righteousness and peace;Be polite and don't bother;Quiet and upright people do not move to safety;In the midst of righteousness and courtesy, we say "An";Solemn and courteous
than：Choose the best and follow the best;There are parties and comparisons
become：Settle the people and establish the government;The punishment and the people overcame and became successful;Zuo Xiangke finished his work;When justice is overcome, it becomes successful;Etiquette and music are clearly defined and become;Hold the surplus and keep it full, and make it successful;Then the beauty of things becomes;Tongda and Qiangli will become successful;By virtue and by virtue, we will succeed;The people and God are blessed;Tao and sage become more successful;Day and night vigilance is getting better;Quzhi goes to the ceremony and becomes a success;BenevolencePure is said to be successful;Don't forget to be successful;Virtue, propriety and music are becoming;Virtue is seen in action, and success is achieved;The long road turns into a long road and becomes a success;Ned's pure preparation became successful;Kunning Huahe Yuecheng
Sincerity：Pure virtue, combined with heaven, means sincerity;Calm and moderate means honesty;Pushing the heart to resist things means sincerity;Honesty means virtue;Sincerity is the key to success;A good gizzard is honest without deceit;Solid Benefitment and Sincerity
punching：Young people in office say Chong;Young children break short and rush every day
Chong：Be able to repair his official title Chong
pure：CentripetalQuintessenceYue Chun;See Su Baopu Yue Chun;To be pure in safety;Faithfulness means purity;Sincerity without rest means purity;Inner harmony is pure;Pure governance
Kindness：Treat the people like children and say benevolence;Love and education must be accompanied by kindness;Soothing, gentle, forgiving, merciful
Cong：Sound enters the heart and communicates with intelligence;When you say something, you will surely observe and say something clever
reach：Honesty and righteousness are the best;Dredging Zhongli Yueda
large：Zetian Fa Yao Yue Da
wear：Love the people and treat them well;The ceremony is not wrong
Swing：Good inner and far ceremony is called Dang;Crazy without evidence
Mourning：Go forth to worship and mourn;Mourning when he dies early in middle age;Fear begets mourning;Mourning for dying before noon and early
Avenue：To moralize the people and say "Tao"
virtue：Suirou scholars and people said virtue;Admonishment and contention are not powerful, which means virtue;Deliberation without authority is virtue;Precious and courteous is virtue;Loyalty and purity make virtue;SuiHuailaiMan speaks virtue;Rigidity and gentleness speak virtue;Conscientiously sympathize with the people and say virtue;Loyalty means virtue;To help the world and the people, to be virtuous;It is virtue to forgive people's worries;Gangsai is simple and honest, saying virtue;Huihe Chunshu said virtue;Richness and honour, courtesy, virtue;People call success virtue;Cultivating literature is far from virtue;Wisdom and virtue are renewed;Good governance fosters people's virtue;Respect virtue and kiss virtue;Benevolence and individualization are called virtue;Worry lies in promoting virtue;Broad chestnut disturbs Yi and says virtue;Direct warmth and strong righteousness call virtue;Admonish and admonishDo not violate moral standards;In the circle, courtesy means virtue;Ze and far away say virtue;Rigorous cultivation and laxity speak virtue
Ding：Say good but not bad;To state the meaning is not to say anything;Misunderstanding but not caring about Yue Ding
Ding：Passing through Yueding before pursuing reform
set：Great care calms the people;Great care is taken to ensure the peace of the people;Pure travel is not comfortable, but it is settled;The ancient times said that the law of ensuring the peace of the people was fixed;Pure line is not two days fixed;It shall be settled before the recovery;Benevolence can be settled by a group of people;When he succeeds in martial arts, he will be determined;If you are not satisfied with your practice, you will be settled;The judgment is made on the matter;Moral exercisePure and solid, the time is fixed;The country is determined by labor, and the country is determined by labor;Kesuibang's family was determined;Calm, upright, inaction, calm;Great response, benevolence and determination;Yi'an is determined by the Chinese and foreign government;Calm down and keep calm
degree：The heart can make righteousness and measure;The advance and retreat can be tracked daily;Law abiding and people's daily living;CalmContingentDay;Etiquette advice is good and time is spent;Abundant and tolerant;Create vertical method;Yi Hui Foot Move Yue Du
end：To observe rites and uphold righteousness;Sacred Xiu style turns to Japanese style;Yan Gong came to the end of the day;I am humbled to say that I have the capacity to do so;With a heart of chastity and tranquility, he said "Duan";Observance of etiquette and self respect
Dun：Do good deeds without delay;Wen Renzhong was generous and said "Dun";Be able to remember the good of the country and call it Dun;Wen Renhou went down to Dayun;Benedictine amity and amity are called Dun;Shude Chungu Yuedun
dry：Commit national discipline
Just.：After a few days of hard work;Be resolute and resolute;The result is to kill the enemy;Strong and able to break the strong;Self-improvement keeps getting stronger;The government and punishment are clear and resolute;Strong and unyielding;Strong righteousness and resolute courage
high：Virtue is higher than all things;Great merits and virtues are higher;The slope is covered and the sky is higher
leather：Xian Min's trip to Yuege
common：Determined to reach the public
Congratulations：Respecting sagesGuiyiYue Gong;Respectfully offer the matter and say "I am respectful";Respecting the virtuous and giving way respectfully;Once you can change your name to Gong;The deacon was firm and said to be respectful;Aimin's elder brother called Gong;To salute the imperial guests and say "Gong";The house of pyrene relatives is called Gong;The elder let the good say courtesy;The origin of circulation is called Gong;Morning and night, respect and respect;Know your mistakes and be able to correct them;To be virtuous without attacking is to be respectful;To lead a matter by letter is to pay homage;Persevere in saying "Gong";To humble oneself is to be courteous;Be persistent in virtue and say "Gong";It is not easy to be respectful in the treatment of allusions;Blame Yu Jun and say "Gong";Zhengde beauty said Gong;To persevere in virtue and respect;Zhengji receives the object and says "Gong";It is not very respectful to make a public announcement;To sympathize with the people and to be humble;Zhuang Yi came here to say "Gong";Modesty and perseverance are called courtesy;Xushun said respectfully
light：Merit grid shines up and down;When you can introduce your former career, you will be enlightened;He who lives above can speak humbly of light;Meritorious people shout at the light
wide：Beautify and spread far away;What I heard can be done more widely
fruit：Good strength brings courage and success;Learning hard, learning from wisdom, and learning hard;Be good at judging when things come
Hao：The comprehensive good code is called Hao
and：Not just not soft and said peace;Employing the talented and giving way to the capable to make peace;Rou Yuanneng said peace;Order the people to make peace;Amitythe nine degrees of kinshipJapanese peace;Huairou Xu called for peace;Gentle and generous without harsh words
thick：It is thick to be unhappy;Strong and resolute;Duen, benevolent and generous
Hu：In the coming year of his birthday, he said Hu;Defending the people, the nobleman called Hu;Defending the people is afraid of calling Hu;
Bosom：Upholding righteousness and promoting good deeds;Benevolence is called Huai after a short break;Kindness and benevolence know that the festival is called Huai;To die out of position is called Huai;Kindness, benevolence, and wisdom speak of bosom;People think of their benefits and say Huai
Huan：Digging up the earth and wearing clothes is far from Huan;Pay homage to the diligent people and say "Huan";It was also called Huan by the State;Wuding said Huan in all directions;Keji's success is called Huan;Defeat the enemy and subdue the enemy;To be able to achieve martial ambition is called Huan;Zhuang called Huan with strength;
Famine：When there is no valley in a bad year, it is called famine;From chaos outside and inside, we call it famine;Delightful neglect of government means famine;Confused discipline is called famine;From joy to famine;Visit and insult the five permanent leaders and call them famine
Emblem：Yuande was filled with beauty and called the emblem
benefit：Soft and kind to the people, they say "Benevolence";Love the people, be kind to them, and be kind to them;Softness, love of class, benefits;Softness is admonished and praised;Be selfless in performing duties and benefits;Kindness, benevolence, and kindness;Love the people and learn well;Be generous and benevolent, and say yes;Harmony instead of flowing benefits;Kindness, wisdom and farsightedness are called benefits;Can Sui Sifang Yue Hui;The son loves poverty and asks for benefits;Thrift means thick, and then benefits;Shu Zhi was admonished and said "Hui";EnnengAnd the following day, Hui;Abundance is not harsh;Benefiting the people with love;Divide people into different groups and use money to make benefits;Benefit without expense;To caress the heart of Yin Yuehui;Prospering the interests of the people and benefiting them;Dewei can embrace the benefits;To benefit all ages;Benevolence and forgiveness are stored in Japan;Benevolence is widely praised
Confused：Full of ambition, poor, confused;To forget the Tao is called confusion;Lust, drowning and despondency are called confusion;Women's words are used to express confusion;Praise the rich and poor, say doubts
base：Virtue is gentle and respectful
Hard：Zhang Yi hides Yue Jian;Grinding instead of phosphorus makes it harder
Frugality：It is called frugality to despise etiquette;Thrift is called frugality by system;There is a rule in raising matters, saying frugality
simple：One virtue is unremitting;People say simple without Zi;To treat the classics without killing the simple ones;Honesty and innocence are called simplicity;Easy from meritorious call simple;Simple and faultless;The supreme virtue is called Jian;An official who is not impetuous calls for simplicity;If you can walk straight, please call it simple;Stick to the principle of being able to consolidate and simplify
section：Good honesty will conquer the festival;Don't waste your passion on festivals;Skillful and easy to spend the festival;Be able to keep the festival;Please observe the festival;Bowing and frugality means courtesy;The straight path does not distort the festival;Do not seize the festival when facing righteousness;Don't seize the festival in danger
Intermediate：Hold one position and not move to another
view：From righteousness to prosperity, we can see the scenery;Qi means to care about the scenery;Bu Yixing just said the scene;To aspire to the great picture of the scenery;The meaning of "Yi" becomes "Yue Jing";Virtue can be looked up to the scenery;Law and justice, and Qi Yuejing;Zhou Yuejing beside Mingzhao
respect：Morning and night alert call respect;Make the good code and the law respectful;Morning and night, we should be respectful;As Fang Yiping calls respect;Elephant Fang Yinian calls respect;Rise in the morning and sleep in the night;Respect is called by all parties;Qi Zhuang Zhongzheng said respect;Broad, direct, diligent, upright and respectful;Honesty, straightness, strength and respect;It is hard not to forget the respect of the monarch;When ordered not to move, respect is required;Fear the heaven and love the people;Chen Shan shut up evil and said respect;Respectful when you know your dignity;Do not respect the master and say respect;Be cautious and respect;Be careful and respectful;A little respect for caution;Respect means respect without negligence;Qi Zhuang held himself to respect;Respectful when dealing with matters without delay
Jing：Rou De An said Jing;Gong Ji's fresh words are called Jing;At the end of the lenient and happy order, he was called Jing;Roude disciples said Jing;The soft and straight test ended with Jing;Empty self and fresh words are called Jing;Seize Xi, forgive the secret and say Jing;The ceremony is to pacify the people and say "Jing";Benevolence, respect, and fresh words are called Jing;Be careful to place yourself in the position of Jing;The government and punishment do not disturb the peace;Gang Ji Su Bu Yue Jing;To be virtuous, to be honest, to be tranquil;The body of the law is respectful and simple, saying Jing;Say "Jing" with virtue and peace
open：The channel is opened every time
Kay：Zhongxin Leyi Yuekai
Kang：Source circulation is called Kang;Gentleness and joy are called health;Calm and comfort the people and call them healthy;When the people are happy, they are called health;Good happiness in good years means good health;To govern people in peace is to be healthy;To be happy and neglect government is to be healthy;To be able to give safety to the people and to be healthy;Junmin uses Zhang Yuekang;After a long time, many blessings are said to be good;Shoukao and Ning Yue Kang;Baomin Diji Yuekang;To be virtuous without contending is to be healthy;Abundance and peace are health;Respectful and courteous is called Kang;Defending the country is called health;The path is built to be healthy;Moving without arrogance is called health;Gentleness and kindness are called health;To think of good without leisure is to say good;Gentle, good and eager to learn is called health;Look at the safety of the shoes and make peace
Examination：Great care goes on festivals and tests;A test of virtue without returning
gram：Love the people in punishment;Righteous conduct and strict discipline;Win the enemy and get Junyuke;To conquer one's own private affairs;
wide：With light, people will be more generous;Great Virtue Bao Meng said leniency;When the imperial court is not near, it will be lenient
Options：Chastity and magnanimity are called Kuang;The country is called Kuang by law;The Fubi royal family said Kuang;The crevasse disaster is called Kuang;Zheng Jun passed by Yue Kuang
Kuang：Examining the sound, knowing how to change it, saying how broad it is
class：Selflessness is called class;Diligence and selflessness mean class;Not inferior to the former philosophers
ceremony：To be fair and obedient is to be polite;Respective and frugal, solemn and respectful;Be good at self prevention and make courtesy;Bow and frugality in the festival called ceremony;Judge the proprieties and make harmony;Go to hypocrisy with sincerity and say courtesy;Accept people, track things, and call ceremony;Courtesy and frugality, together with courtesy;Nei Ze overcame the ritual
reason：Talent, truth and truth;Justice is called for by the government and punishment;The measures shall be implemented in a timely manner;Table sealTaoism calls for reason;Cai Min examines the reasons in detail;Manage the complicated without disturbing the rational
Li(thorn):Killing innocent people is fierce;Cruelty and violence without relatives;Be obstinate and insolent;Help the evil and defy the right, and be fierce;Long tongued steps call for disaster;Do not think of forgetting love;After repeated ruthlessness, he passed the Yue stab;Bitter and unkind are called stabbing;Hurt and slow the Jiuqing, and say "stab";Don't worry about peace and happiness
Surly：If one does not repent, he will be angry;If one does not think of conformity, he will be called ill;If one knows one's mistakes and does not correct them, he will be called surly
good：Gentle and happy are called good;To straighten out the practice of good and say good;Be careful and respect others;Warm respect and few words are good;Filial piety and fraternity become good;Be careful to fear the good;The Secretary of State returns to the United States and says good;When loyalty is exhausted and there is no concealment, we are called good;Yi Zhiyue is good
Fierce：He who has done meritorious deeds to pacify the people will be fierce;To uphold virtue and respect industry is to be strong;Holy power is great and fierce;Overseas, there are some interceptors;Careless achievements are called fierceness;Great achievements make great achievements;The battle industry is bright and fierce;Righteous is strong;Hongji lives a strong life;Zhuang Yilin goes down to Yue Lie
spirit：Not working hard to become famous is called Ling;To die and aspire to success is called spirituality;When death sees God, he can speak spiritually;Chaos does not damage the spirit of Yue;Good sacrifice to ghosts and gods;I know that ghosts and gods call spirits;If you do not obey the orders, you will be called Spirit;Virtue is shrewd and spiritual
Words：To accept officials by virtue and say Mao;Reward for meritorious deeds
dense：Make up before going through the secret;Deliberate and review carefully
Min：Benevolent benevolence does not live long;When you are worried in your country, you are called Min;In the face of difficulties in our country, we say Min;The side of trouble is called Min;Make people sad and say "Min";To break the people and hurt them;In the country, people are worried and say "Min";When a country is in trouble, it is called Min;Wei Shen offered it to Yue Min (usually mixed with Min)
Sensitivity：Responsive and responsive;Make meritorious contributions and be quick;Be as resolute as a god, and be quick;Be clear and sensible without delay;Hearing the righteousness, one must move on and say "Min";Cai You does not stagnate Yue Min;Good old man is not lazy about Yue Min
bright：Follow the four directions and say "Ming";If you can't complain, it will be clear;The result of thinking is far away;Bao Min Qi Ai Yueming;Ren Xian Zhiyuan Yueming;Different collections are called Ming;The only way to see is to know first;To lift the narrow and the rough is to say bright;Seeing the color and feeling, we can see clearly;Rongyi visited the United States and said Ming;There is no darkness without observation;ShengnengIt is clear to do so;When you hear it, you will be enlightened;Follow the law of heaven and say bright;Suppress evil and promote good, and make it clear;Look far and see bright;Internal governance and rational governance are clear;Honest self - knowledge makes the day bright;Keep quiet and know when the sun shines;The most sincere and enlightened people will be enlightened;Foresight and prevention will make it clear;Virtuous conduct proclaims brightness;Intelligent, clear and clear;Clarify the group nature
Miao：The name and the reality are cool;Hurt others and shield the virtuous;Cover benevolence, hurt kindness, and say something wrong
Mu：Bud carried out righteousness and said Mu;When you see the appearance in the middle, you are called Mu;Virtue, faith, and practice are called Mu;Morality should be reconciled with Japan and Mukden;Respectfully and respectfully reigned on the throne;Morality, solemnity and quietness;Sacred reverence and propriety call Mu;Pure virtue is profound and profound;Respectful, tolerant and respectful;Rongyi salutes
Ning：Yu can pacify the people and make peace;Deep heart Zhan said Ning;End heavy self sinking
Peng：Speak without saying Peng;The old saying is Peng
flat：The government should treat the problem without any malpractice;Deacons have a system called Ping;Huinei is flat without virtue;To govern and clean up the province is called Pingping;Bugang governs discipline and calms down;Overcome disastersYue Ping;Reasonableness without responsibility makes people calm;Boud Junzheng said that he was calm;Impermanent and unbiased, we are calm;The way of governance is as smooth as a stone;Divide not more than equal;The administration is based on line, which means peace;Push your heart and walk with forgiveness
Qi：Hold the heart and say Qi;The Zifu Communist Party said Qi;Light, light, and courteous are called Qi;Zhizheng Kezhuang Yueqi
Qi：Treat the classics without killing Qi;Classics are not easy to say Qi;Cure Bupi Yueqi
Relocation：Many natural objects love to move;Record of Good History Yue Qian
strong：Harmony without flow makes one stronger;Independence in the middle means strength;Keep the way unchanged and become stronger;If you die without moving, you will become stronger;He who conquers his heart is stronger.beamDoctor GuangluJianggePosthumous title: "Qiang".
Qin：His majesty was reported to the imperial court;Respecting the affairs of the emperor;Keshen Cheng Xian Yue Qin;Respectful and inheriting from Yue Qin;Day and night only fear the emperor;Respectfully and cautiously call the emperor;The gods are like wings and call Qin;Be careful to lift your wings and call Qin;Yin Gong took office on the day of Qin
Frequent：Wennian is happy and diligent;Be able to repair his official duties;Service without complaint is diligent;Be diligent in the wide industry;Diligence in the world business;Learn hard and practice diligently;Be diligent when being able to repair internal work;Work hard day and night;Xuanlao Zhongwai Riqin
clear：Avoid injustice and say Qing;Clean yourself and love yourself;Clean oneself, obey the law and say "Qing"
Hectare：It is urgent to be cautious and afraid;Deliberate with respect and caution;Only diligent pursuit and fear will lead to the dawn;Benevolence and sensitivity are clear;To overthrow the country is to say Qing;The shock is too great for fear;Quiet and resourceful
悫：See the Chinese and foreign names;To be virtuous and not confused;Sincerity leads to high aspirations;The exterior and interior are like the same, saying "good";In good faith, Zhongfu said;To be frank with the emperor
True：To be true without confusion;Holding on to morality but not returning to the truth
Give Way：Pushing merit is still good, that is, yielding;Virtue is lenient and gentle
kernel：To accumulate righteousness and do good deeds is to say benevolence;Benevolent people love things and say benevolence;To restrain oneself and return to propriety is to say benevolence;Virtuous relatives say benevolence;Kill one's life and become benevolent;Can give way to benevolence with the country;Benevolent people say benevolence;Be frank and walk safely and say benevolence;Benevolence comes from doing good to the people;Qu Ji catches Yue Ren;The virtue of merit and the virtue of benevolence;Kuan Xin Min Hui Yue Ren;Love benevolence, set up things and say benevolence;The body element stands on the pole and says benevolence;Such as good weather begets benevolence;Educate Pu Jia and say benevolence;Kindness means benevolence;Huiai Pucha Yueren
Rong：Glory is the name of the pet;First righteousness, then benefit, then glory
Capacity：Abundant and gentle
soft：In Shunde, Li Zhen speaks softly;To follow the law, to be gentle
Rui：Kenian is holy and wise;Deliberation is wise;Sage knows how to communicate with the micro and say "Rui";Consider Zhou's events and say Rui
injury：Short break at home and daily injury;A short break does not make a quick wound;A short break does not make a great loss;A short break at home will lead to grief;Childhood Meng made a short turn and said "Shang" (generally, writing "Shang" in the posthumous title)
merchant：Showing meritorious deeds, calming people, and promoting commerce;Literary erudition means business
Shao：The estranged successor was named Shao
deep：Seize the abyss and say deep
god：People's incompetence is called God;One people's inaction is called God;AnrenEstablish a government and call it God;God is called when things are marvelous and unruly;The holy unknowable is called God;God is called when yin and yang are unpredictable;Governing the peopleInaction is called god;Respond to faraway situations and speak quickly without haste;He who can marvel at all things is called God;The Tao is suitable for people and called God;Xianren Zang used to call God;Zetian was widely transported and called God
Caution：Sensitivity calls caution with respect;Silence and reticence call caution;Profound thought calls for caution;Be cautious when maintaining oneself;Day and night, fear and caution;Be careful and be cautious
sound：Do not give birth to the sound of his country;Do not advocate the voice of his country
holy：The ode of virtue is simply called Saint;Honoring guests and honoring them, we call them saints;Empty oneself from admonish say saint;Sacrifice Heng and call him holy;The way is to transform people into saints;Exhaustiveness is called Sage;The poor god knows how to transform into saints;To know the prophet is holy;Great changes are called saints;Benevolence is holy;The most profound study is called Sage;He who can listen to good advice is called Sage;Cut into heaven and earth and call it holy;Wisdom and heavenly guidance call sainthood;The common people can say holy;When things are ready, they are called holy;Prepare the road to make the whole country holy;It is difficult to deify and call it Saint
win：Rongyi is courteous and beautiful, and wins
life：Undertake orders not to change the world;The scenery is called the world;Yi Xiu Yi Ye Yue Shi
Shu：Words and deeds do not return to Yue Shu;Deliberate on goodness and follow the rules of propriety;Wen Renxian Yang Yue Shu;Good deeds Wen Yueshu
Shu：It is slow and comfortable to raise matters;Words, deeds and things are comfortable
Plebeian：The heart can make justice, and the people will say "Shu"
along：Kindness and obedience prevail;Be kind to the people and say yes;Softness, kindness, and kindness make it smooth;Harmony is better than reason;Dehe Emperor said "Shun";Accept heaven's hundred salaries and say yes;Gentle virtue bears down the sky and makes it smooth;Virtue is lenient and gentle;Shushen's body is said to be smooth;Virtue is like jade, which means good fortune;The beauty of a conquering general is called Shun;Likes and dislikes justice;Dexie naturally says good
Shun：Benevolent Sage Sheng Ming Yue Shun
thinking：Moral purity means thinking;A large province augurs the people and thinks;Thinking outside and inside is thinking;Think before regretting;It is not bad for people to think;Deliberation does not delay thinking;Rouneng encourages himself to think;Clear and refreshing wish and thinking;To think deeply is to think deeply;Reading at the end is like thinking at the beginning;Digging up soil and thinking of the country;Remembering past mistakes and thinking
Su：Gangdek would call for a "Su";Persistence and determination call for silence;Wiedeck said "Su";Zheng Ji took photos and called Su;Be able to uphold women's principles and say "Su";Good virtues are always respected;The appearance, respect, and behavior are just called solemnity;Righteous morality overcomes the need for sobriety;When the body is upright and the person is dressed, he will say "Su";Dharma cultivation calls Su;Be strict in commanding yourself to be solemn;Take a picture and say "Su";Respectful and respectful：Rites cover music, saying "plain"
too：Ke Qixing and Si Yuetai
Tai：Follow Li An and Shu Yue Tai;No slowness in administration is better than peace
through：When things are up to capacity, they should be connected every day;Distinguish between things and make clear
Wei：Take Congo as an example;Strong determination believes in righteousness and prestige;Overwhelming the rebellion against Huaiyuan and saying "Wei";Strong determination in power calls for prestige;Reward and persuade punishment and anger;To serve a long time with punishment is to speak of prestige;The barbarians led the Japanese to take the Japanese;Faith, reward, and punishment call for prestige;Virtue is awesome, and prestige is awesome;The sound and spirit are shaking and the wind is rising;Zhuang Yi came down to say "Wei";
temperature：Virtue is gentle and gentle;Harmony can be called daily temperature;Benevolence, courtesy and warmth;Yue Yu Qun Sheng Yue Wen;Kuan Ren Hui goes down to the daily temperature
writing：Jing Wei Tian Yue Wen;Moral erudition is known as literature;Benevolence and love for the people are written;Minmin Hui Li Yue Wen;Give people titles in Japanese;Diligent in learning and inquisitive in writing;Japanese literature is widely known;Loyalty, faithfulness, courtesy and literature;Able to set the ceremony and recite the text;It was praised by the state, and then it was written;Be quick and eager to learn;Shi and Zhong Li Yue Wen;Morality comes from far away, which means literature;The combination of hardness and softness is written in Japanese;The repair team system is written in Japanese;Virtue and beauty show their talent in writing;Wan Bang is a constitutional text;Emperors' virtue carried the words of Guangyue;Be strong and not violent;Hui Rou Yi Gong Yue Wen;Saint Mopixian wrote;Into the world said text;Pure Mu Zhuo Yue Wen;Ke Sihui's pronunciation and writing;Respecting the straight, benevolent and benevolent people, and saying "Wen";He ascended with the sages and wrote;Shao Xiu Shengxu Yuewen;The fourth end of sound education
martial：Righteous and straightforward is called martial arts;To strengthen the enemy's power and virtue, we call it military;To conquer disasters and chaos, we call it military;When the criminal and the people overcome, they call for martial arts;Praise many ambitions and say martial arts;Powerful and virtuous, they say "Wu";Eliminate the false, rather than the true, and call for martial arts;Strong and far away, it is called martial arts;The marshal said "military" with "obedience";To ensure great achievements, we should call for martial arts;To be strong and obedient is called martial arts;To break away the earth and reject the territory is to say martial arts;To defeat and resist aggression is called martial arts;Eliminate the traitors and pacify the difficulties;Pioneering Kaifeng called Wu;The general called Tianwei Wu;To pacify the people and make peace with the people;If you can conquer the world, you can call it martial;Wisdom does not kill, but martial arts;To benefit the people and eliminate harm is called martial arts;To fight the enemy without avoiding is called martial arts;Virtue and prestige speak freely of martial arts;
interest：No plan, no rest
Xi：Let Xi's achievements be known as Xi's;Respecting virtue and being bright are the best;He Yi and Xi
happy(centigrade):Be careful to avoid saying Xi;Zhi Yuan was admonished and said Xi;When there is punishment, he still calls Xi;Gangke Yuexi;There was Xi;Benevolence, love, affinity, and happiness;Be careful to say Xi;Joyful hearing and good words are called Xi;Gong Shen has no fault, Yue Xi
Xi：Make meritorious efforts to reassure people
Virtuous：The combination of benevolence and righteousness calls virtue;Favor to benefit and precept to be virtuous;When justice and morality are combined, virtue is called;A man of virtue is called a man of virtue;To govern internally and prepare for prosperity, we should call ourselves virtuous;Nei De has Cheng Yuexian
display：When you see the world, you will see it clearly;Receive the salary from the heaven;Sage and virtue are revealed;The punishment is obvious;When there is light, the former martyr will show up;Both Chinese and foreign people look up to virtue and show it;Germany, America, Xuanzhao, Yuexian
constitution：The Constitution is known for its erudite knowledge;To reward good and punish evil is called constitution;Doing good deeds can be recorded as constitution;In Yuechunsi, the Constitution was proclaimed;Shengnengfa, heaven says constitution;Holy Goodness Zhou Da Yue Xian;The constitution was created by creating vertical laws;The four sides of the criminal and political system proclaimed the Constitution;Civil and military law can be called constitution;Wisdom is the law of heaven;To affirm the constitution of all nations;Virtuous conduct can be disciplined and called constitution;Yi Fan Yongzhao and Yue Xian
offer：He who has learned much can offer much;Benevolence and Neide make offerings;Wise philosophers have holy offerings;Wisdom, wisdom and dedication;Literary resources are presented after success;Min Huide Yuan Yuexian;Sage has a plan to offer;A man of virtue is called sacrifice;The intelligent wing king said to offer;Learn thisAncient adageYue Xian;Wisdom, quality and reason make contributions;Wisdom and quality are practiced and offered;Wisdom, courtesy and dedication
Xiang：There is virtue in the land division, namely Xiang;an armorIf you are tired, please call Xiang;He who has done meritorious deeds will help;Hold your heart against the strong and say Xiang;Xie Zan has Cheng Yue Xiang;Wei De Fu Yue Xiang from afar
towards：Simple and easy to learn
filial piety：Five clans of peace call filial piety;Kindness, favor, and love are called filial piety;To uphold virtue without returning is filial piety;When we are in harmony, we enjoy filial piety;Great care and filial piety;Being kind and loving to the people means filial piety;Loving and forgetting to work is called filial piety;Obedience does not violate filial piety;To do good to parents is filial piety;ZunyiAn Ren said filial piety;Several remonstrances are tireless and filial piety is called;Marriage is called filial piety;Be good at preparing and raising, and call filial piety;Respect and guard the safety of the house and say filial piety;Respect benevolence, love, righteousness and filial piety;Be able to raise, be respectful, and be filial;Poisonous insects are called filial piety;Filial piety is called after ambition;Practising moral virtues and filial piety;Pi inherited his previous ambition and said filial piety;Benevolence is called filial piety;Didactic punishmentThe four seas call filial piety;Virtuous gods call filial piety;Filial piety is the first choice;Be able to offer sacrifices and say filial piety;To remember one's parents is filial piety;The rich and noble are not arrogant and call filial piety;The people of Degas say filial piety;Hui Yin Ke Si Yue Xiao
letter：Keep orderSynchronicYue Xin;SpeakRecoverableYue Xin;Zhou Ren accepted his order and said he believed;Obeying etiquette does not violate faith;Kuan Renfu said that all people believed;The government order is unified and dated
repair：Diligence in his worldly career and repair;He is eager to learn and practice;Keqin Shiye Daily Repair
empty：Liang De and Bo Li are called empty;Chinese words without truth are empty
Publicity：Holy goodness is heard and preached;If you do not succeed in doing something, you will be proclaimed;Be good at asking Zhou Da about propaganda;To give without secret is to preach;Honest opinions are publicized outside;The sun shines brightly and the sun shines brightly;Righteousness questionZhou Da declared;To be able to order virtue and preach;Junda has virtue and proclaims it;Make efforts to spread the word;Zhe Hui Zhao Bu said Xuan;Good Listening Style Cloth Yue Xuan
Xuan：Contain and have no desire;Answer God's words
Inferior：Modesty and kindness yield to modesty
in flames：Good far away ceremony called Yang;Go to salute those far away and say Yang;Good internal neglect of government is called Yang;The god of labor is called Yang;Go to Li Yuanzheng and say Yang;Abuse the people against the sky and say Yang
Yao：The good wing preaches the sage Yao;It's too big to be named Yao
wild：The quality is better than its literature, which is called wild;Respectful but not polite
instrument：Good Foot Method Yue Yi
Barbarian：Kill those who govern and say "barbarians";Be at ease and be quiet;Living in seclusion and seeking ambition, he called barbarians;Disgraced and disorderly, saying "Yi"
righteousness：Justice is what makes things right;Seeing that benefit and energy end in righteousness;First the monarch, then the self, says righteousness;Eliminate the harm of heaven and earth and say righteousness;It is righteousness to take without coveting;Financial management resignationYue Yi;Benevolence can make life and justice;It is righteousness to achieve his ambition;The Tao does not ignore justice;Pushing merit and valuing virtue means righteousness;Etiquette means righteousness;To salute without guilt means righteousness;Seeing benefits and giving way to righteousness;To exterminate private affairs by public means means righteousness;Righteousness and righteousness;
Escape：Living in seclusion and speaking freely is called Yi
Yi：To kill the enemy is to say Yi;Strong and able to break is perseverance;Be brave and approach Ren Yue Yi;It is perseverance to do good without neglect;Wen Renzhong and Hou Yue Yi;Be able to record the country's good deeds and be resolute;Wise and resolute;When virtue does not return, we will be determined;To Guo Defeat the Enemy Yue Yi
Wings：Gangke was called Fayue Wing;Deep thinking calls wings;Love the people and govern well;Be careful what the sky says;Be careful to tell the truth;Praise Xuande and Say Yi
virtuous：Gentleness, virtue and kindness call righteousness;Gentleness, holiness and goodness are called righteousness;Harmony in the middle is called righteousness;The lover is good and says righteousness;Rourke speaks Yi when there is light;Immersed in the light of great righteousness;To see China and foreign countries is called Yi;Love the people, pledge the abyss and say righteousness;German baptism is called Yi;Virtue is enriched and called righteousness;To uphold Yi's virtue is to say Yi;Can still not argue for justice;The supreme purity is called Yi;The gentle and virtuous streamed light and said Yi;Virtue is good and beauty is fair
latent：It is called concealment when one is trapped and cannot become a monk;He who does not show the corpse country says to hide;See the beauty of hard long hidden;If it cannot be concealed, it is called concealed;If you don't follow your position, you are called Yin;It is said to be concealed if one fails to obey the brush;Feelings are endless, and people say they are hidden;It is said to hide when the country is not clear;Virtuous and forceful, he said to hide;
Britain：Outstanding Japanese;Morality should be expressed in English;Dehua Maozhao Yueying
Infants：Courtesy and frugality, good ceremony, saying baby
Yong：Ju Jing Xing Jian Yue Yong
Courage：Victory is called courage;He who leads righteousness to death calls courage;Ren Yue Yong is fatal;To be upright means to be brave;He who perseveres in righteousness is called brave;To know death without avoiding it is called courage;He who leads and shares righteousness calls for bravery;To die with righteousness is to use courage;Courage is called after repeated breaking in the face of difficulties;Be brave in the face of adversity;Do what is just and be brave
You：It is called secluded when it is blocked and blocked;It is quiet and noisy;There is a place called Youyou in the morning;The early solitary meteorite is called Youyou;As early as possible, it will be lonely;Violation of etiquette and chaos often lead to seclusion;The mob's cruel righteousness calls you secluded;The immorality destroys the country and makes it secluded
friend：Make friends with brothers
a surname：Fool and wisdom call Yu at the right time
Take：The Ming Dynasty knows the big picture and calls it Yu
Yu：A strong learner asks Yuyu;The vertical system in the middle of construction is called Yuyu;To be generous and benevolent is to be generous;The quantity of nature is generous, and the quantity is abundant;Renhuike Guangyuyu;Be lenient and don't force yourself to be rich;Be lenient and complacent
Reputation：Describing the past to the present is called reputation
Abyss：Unfortunately, short life is called abyss;Deep dive is called abyss with obscurity;Virtue and trust are deep and quiet;Sink a few candles and hide in the abyss
element：Being able to think and argue, people say Yuan;To do justice and say that people say Yuan;The founding capital was called Yuan;Doctrine and morality are the same;Moral purity means yuan;Zunren Guide said Yuan;Good deeds, benevolence and virtue say Yuan;Xuancihui and Yueyuan;The highest good and virtue is Yuan;Loyalty, solemnity, courtesy, and righteousness say Yuan;The body benevolence grows the people and says Yuan;Mao De Pi Ji said Yuan;Tiqian Qizuo said Yuan;All nations declared Yuan by virtue of their chastity;The body benevolence and inner forgiveness said Yuan;Ren Ming Dao and Yue Yuan;
primary：When you are worried, you will be disappointed;Zhide Kaiji Yueyuan;Qingliu Yi Ye Yueyuan
far：Estrangement and succession
wish：Thinks thick is not satisfied to say the wish;If you are weak and have no ambition, you will say yes;Desperate in defeat and chaos;Forgetting virtue and sacrificing ceremony, we wish;Rou has no ambition and wishes
chapter：Wenke ordered the instrument to read the chapter;Fa Du Ming Da Yue Zhang;There are articles and chapters in the speech;Respecting and cautious, chanting loudly;Culture and education shine far away
Zhao：Rongyi respectfully said Zhao;Zhao De and Lao Yue Zhao;Saint Wen Zhou Da Yue Zhao;It is said that Xuan Yuan said Zhao;Respectful and respectful, he said Zhao;Mingde has made meritorious contributions;The sage asks for Tao and says Zhao;Sheng De and Si Fu Yue Zhao;Virtue rises to the sound of Zhao;Intelligent micro observation;Virtue and propriety do not offend;Gao Lang's order ended at Zhao;The sun is hidden and the sun is shining;The inner meaning of Dehui is called Zhao;RoudebrightYue Zhao
Zhe：Knowing people is called philosophy;Knowing the profound and profound, he speaks philosophy;Officials should be truthful in saying philosophy;Knowing that Zhou Tongyue was a philosopher;He who knows little worries will eventually become a philosopher;Knowing and distinguishing things is called philosophy
Chastity：Chastity is called chastity;Great Zeke is called Zhen;Great Xian Ke called Zhen;To be honest without concealing or bending;Internal and external feelings are called chastity;Sad about the country and forget to die is called chaste;No bosom inside or outside is called chastity;Loyalty does not disturb virtue;Baojie is known as Zhen;Take a rightful attitude and give feedback, and say "Zhen";Chastity is difficult to violate when one observes religion;The secluded room is dedicated to chastity;HengdeFrom the first day of chastity;Straight and unyielding is called Zhen;Name and realityUnhappy is called Zhen;A man who has no guess is called Zhen;Virtue is called chastity;He who leads righteousness to repair is called chaste;Dexin Zhengzhou Yuezhen
really：Zhao Min became true;No concealment, no concealment, no truth
just：The internal and external guests are right;Great Zeke is right;The internal and external use of emotion is correct;To be honest and clean;TuguoForgetting death is called righteousness;No bosom inside or outside is called righteousness;The straight path is unyielding and upright;Jing Gong's title is Zheng;Its appearance is not particularly correct;When you are fresh and calm, you will say "right";Be sincere and correct;Zhuang Yi led the people down to say "Zheng";The evil spirit is dispelled and the evil spirit is called righteousness;When the main pole stops, it is right;Tens of thousandsBe reasonableYue Zheng;Shu Shen bowed and said "right";End type calibration;The heart is upright without deviation;Keep the Tao and keep it upright
straight：Zhao Min went straight on his way;To govern disorder and keep upright;Do not hide his affinity and say straight;To guard the wayIf the arrow is straight;If one does not behave wrongly, one should be straight;The quality and the middle are straight;The music of upright people is straight;To convert into prison is to say straight;Filial brotherThe habit is straight;Be careful and be honest;Be quick and unyielding, and be straight;To lead the way without evil is to be straight;To be upright is to be upright;
quality：The name and reality are not satisfied with the quality;Loyalty, righteousness and innocence are qualities;Zhang Yi overshadows Yue Zhi;Words and deeds correspond to quality;Indifferent to nature;He was obsessed with his quality;Pure virtue means quality;To govern and return to purity and quality;The homestead heart is honest and says quality;Chunmao said quality without Chinese;Quietness and integrity speak of quality;Simplicity and unadorned quality;Strongly uphold righteousness and quality
wisdom：Officials should be honest and wise;Respecting the Ming and conquering the suffering are wise;Tacitly speaking should be called wisdom;Pushing the awn and turning it into a clean one is called wisdom;When faced with a problem, he is wise without confusion;Examining words and knowing people is wise;Choose a job and go there to be wise
in：Wang Xinke said that he was in the middle;Rigidity and softness are not biased towards the middle;Cure according to time
Loyalty：When the body is in danger, it is called loyalty;Consider the country and forget the family and say loyalty;Let the virtuous be honest and loyal;He who endangers his body and benefits the country calls loyalty;Live in peace without thinking of loyalty;In the face of adversity, we will not oppose Japan's loyalty;Prosperity and decline are pure, solid and loyal;Honesty, justice and loyalty;When you do everything, you are loyal;To promote virtue and be honest means loyalty;Zhongneng should be loyal;To kill one's own life and serve the country is loyalty;Diligence calls loyalty;If you are good, push the king and say loyalty;Death guards the country and says loyalty;To restore the monarch with virtue means loyalty;Say loyalty by filial piety;Be loyal when you don't choose things;Teach people to call kindness loyalty;China can consider the external loyalty;Guangfang is just and loyal;Zhai Cheng Yi praises Yue Zhong
end：Every beginning and every ending;Ke Chengling was named Zhong
Zhou：Detritualizing righteousness and harming virtue, saying Zhou
expert：Good work is called expert;Violation of orders for self use
Zhuang：The soldiers are eager to make Yue Zhuang;Ruiyu overcame Yue Zhuang;Victory over the enemy, ambition and strength, Yue Zhuang;Died in Yemeni Village;Repeatedly levy and kill the village of Yue;Yue Zhuang was defeated in martial arts;Sincerely generous Yue Zhuang;Haoyong devotes himself to Yuezhuang;Be brave but not fierce;Respect the people and say "Zhuang";Fulfill the upright aspiration and Yuezhuang;Wei De Duan Yan Yue Zhuang;Respectfully respect the village;Duan Ke said to the people that Zhuang;Duan Yike Cheng Yue Zhuang;Qi Jingzhong saluted Zhuang;Be virtuous and not reserved;Desheng salutes the village;Be strict, respectful and self disciplined;Yan Ke Youyi Yuezhuang
Zhuang: When you are strong, you will be strong;He Wei overcame and became stronger;To defeat the enemy and overcome chaos, we should strengthen ourselves;Good strength leads to courage and strength;Repeated crusades make the country stronger;WudeFortitude is stronger;If you are not polite, you will be stronger
longitudinal：Weak and determined to say vertical;Baidu Yue Zong was defeated;Forgetting virtue and sacrificing etiquette, Yue Zong
entire body of ministers
Compared with the emperor, the posthumous titles of officials should be more concise, or one word, or two words. The selected words should be limited to a certain range. The posthumous titles of officials in the Ming and Qing dynasties were defined as two words, and were strictly standardized.《Ming Huidian》According to the records, the posthumous title with the word "wen" as the first word was“Wen Zheng”, followed by“Wen Zhen”After Zheng and Zhen, the words matched with "Wen" successively are Cheng, Zhong, Xian, Duan, Ding, Jian, Yi, Su, Yi, Xian, Zhuang, Jing, Yu, Jie, Yi, Jing, Mu, Zhao, Ke, Gong, Xiang, Qing, Xiu, Kang, Jie, Min, Da, Tong, Jie, An, Lie, He, Xi, Rong, Min, Si.In the same example, the words used to form two posthumous titles with the word "Wu" are Ning, Yi, Min, Hui, Xiang, Shun, Su, Jing, Xin, Kang, Zhuang, Heng, Min, Lie, Yong, Xi.There is also a common civil and military posthumous title method, which combines with the word "Zhong" to form two posthumous titles, namely, Wen, Wu, Ding, Lie, Jian, Su, Yi, Jing, Xian, Jie, Zhen, Jing, Xiang, Min, An, Xi, Mu, Jie, Wei, Duan, Zhuang, Xuan, Yu, Guo, Yong, Min, Gang, Hui, Qu, Huai, Qing.
In this way, posthumous titles not only have a specific meaning, but also have a specific order.
