One of the southern constellations, located between Pisces andMuscabetween,Stern seatandSail baseMost of them are in the Milky Way.
Carina rises at midnight at the end of January every yearShangzhongtian, partly inthe galaxyInSiriusandNanhe IIIJust south of Canis Minor alpha, residents living in the area south of 15 degrees north latitude can see the complete ship base.There are many bright stars in the bottom of the ship, among which the brightest starElderly Star。itsChinese Star NameIt is called "Old Man Star", which is called Canopus in the west, meaning“SpartaThe ship navigator of King Menelaus ".
Is the Bayer name of the star at the bottom of the shipSouth seatIs part of.It is divided into three constellations:Sail base, ship base andStern seatLater, used for Bayer namedGreek alphabetHas been retained.Therefore, the names of stars in Carina do not use all Greek letters, such asSouth constellation γLater, it was classified intoSail base, so there is noShip base γThe stars of.
deep space
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NGC 3372
There is a large nebula NGC 3372 (also called“Carina Nebula”）The appearance has been changing for a long timeHigh qualityHome of stars.The most active objects in the nebula are“Haishan IIStar ", namely the η star at the bottom of the ship, briefly became one of the brightest stars in the sky in the 1930s, and then became dark immediately.At NGC?You can find the middle and lower part of 3372“Keyhole Nebula ”There are several stars with very large mass inside, making its appearance constantly changing.
NGC 3372 is about 7000 light-years away from us and about 300 light-years in size.
The Carina Nebula, also known as NGC 3372, is one of the largest diffuse nebulae in the night skyOrion nebula More than four times larger, 7600 light-years from the Earth.The most famous objects inside the nebula are the bright star Hasan II (namely, the base of the ship η) in the southern hemisphere and the keyhole nebula.[4]
The Great Nebula of Carina.Image source NASA
The Great Nebula of Carina.Image source NASA
Henize 3_401
About 10000 light years away from us, it is knownPlanetary nebulaThe narrowest of the two.For a spherical star, it seems strange to have such a nebula, which some scientists believe.Its long and narrow shape may be the clue to solve the mystery of the ejection mechanism of outer matter in the late stage of stars.After thousands of years, the nebula will dissipate, leaving only oneWhite dwarf。
Because these stars have highdefinitionTherefore, it is called diamond cluster.This cluster itself is used in the dark night skyNaked eyeYou can see it, but useBinocularsThe effect will be better.The diamond cluster contains two beautiful 5th class starsRed GiantAnd three pairs of binary stars, but at least one small telescope is required to distinguish these binary stars.
NGC 2516 and recentlyOphiuchusThe nearby star cluster Mamajek 2 has a similar age andAmount of metal。Recently, E. Jilinksi and his collaborators put forward dynamic evidence that these two star clusters were formed by the same star generation process 135 million years ago.
IC 2602
IC 2602, also called SouthPleiadesOr Neptune θ star cluster, which is aOpen cluster。It was founded by French astronomersLakayIt was first discovered in 1751.This star cluster is about 479 light-years away from the Earth and is visible to the naked eye.
Nebula
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Carina NebulaCarina Nebula: The Carina Nebula is one of the largest and brightest nebulae in the sky. It is located in the south of Carina, about 7600 light years away from Earth.[3]
Constellation myth
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Ship base
Legendary Greek Herojason Led all the warriors to search from the ArgoGolden woolAfter many hardships, he finally got the Golden Fleece,Return triumphantly。Later, the goddessAthenaLift this ship to the skySouth seat。However, due to the large scope of the constellation Nancheon, French astronomers in 1750LakayThe wing is divided into three constellations, and the ship base is the southernmost part of the starry sky.
Ptolemy This titleStern seat、Sail baseAnd the bottom seat are the same constellation (excludingCompass base）, called Argo Navis.In the 18th century, astronomers believed that the sky area occupied by the constellation of South Ship was too large, so they took the constellation apart.The South Ship is the Argonauts. In the story, Jason took fifty people to the ArgonautsBlack SeaOfColkis(Colchis) Looking for Golden Fleece.
jason Sailing with a large number of crew, includingGeminiCastor and Polyduces/Pollux, musician Orpheus, ship builder Argos, and laterHeraclesJoin the journey.The playwright described the Argonaut as a strong ship, butNewtonEven willZodiacRelated to the Argonaut.buildShip hour，AthenaArgos was ordered to use the wood of Pelion for shipbuilding,ZeusIt also indicates that Argos DodonaoakbuildBow, where the oak is endowed withLanguage abilityWhen the Argonaut set sail, he even heard Oak's cry.
The Argonaut encountered many difficulties during its journey, among which Clashing Rocks, also known as Symplegades, is the most famousAutomatic DoorThe same opening and closing blocked the entrance of the Black Sea. At that time, Jason was in a hurry to release the white dove and let it fly in front of the ship. Two big rocks were buried instantly and the dove's tail was broken. The crew made every effort to get Athena's help before the two big rocks opened and hit againsternSlightly damaged.
Shipbase astrogram
After several twists and turns into the Black Seajason StealGolden woolgo back toGreeceStop the Argonaut atCollins, which is regarded as the sea godPoseidonA kind of thanks.
On the map, we can only see the stern of the Argonaut and the bow of the Argonautdense fogIt was covered by or covered by collision rocks. It was said that when he was pondering over his past adventures on the ship in his later years, the bow of the ship suddenly collapsed and killed him in his sleepPoseidonLift the rest of the ship into the sky.In addition, alpha star（Elderly Star）There is also a story, the old manStar namebyCanopus, originally the emperor of GreeceMenelaos(Menelaus) Helmsman,Troy WarLater, when Menelaus returned, the ship was blown away from the channel, and they were forced to land in Egypt. Canopus was bitten by a snake, and Menelaus's mistressHelen(Helen）Avenge Canopus and kill the serpent.,Menelaus and Helen buried Canopus together in the city, and the city was also renamed Canopus.
