Since antibiotics were widely used, the incidence of dura meningitis has been greatly reduced.Soft meningitis is quite common, including arachnoid membrane and soft meningitis.Therefore, meningitis actually refers to soft meningitis.Meningitis is mostly caused by pathogens, and epidemic meningitis caused by meningococcal meningitis is the main type;A few are caused by irritant chemicals (such as procaine and methotrexate).
There are three basic types of meningitis: purulent meningitis, lymphocytic meningitis (mostly caused by viruses), and chronic meningitis (caused by tubercle bacillus, treponema pallidum, brucella and fungi).
It is a kind of meningitis caused by various pyogenic bacteria, which is a major category of bacterial meningitis.It is one of the serious intracranial infections, oftenSuppurative encephalitisAndbrain abscesscoexist.commonpathogenic bacteriaThere are 3 types, namelyHaemophilus influenzaeType BNeisseria meningitidis（Diplococcus）AndStreptococcus pneumoniae (Diplococcus pneumoniae).Usually, a small number of healthy people carry these germs in the nose or on the body surface without harming the human bodycoughOr sneeze.People are most vulnerablecoldIs infected by germs, becauserhinitisIt makes it very easy for bacteria to enter the brain.
Meningitis can also be caused by fungi.The most common one isCryptococcus, available atPigeon droppingsFound in.Cryptococcal meningitis is a deep disease caused by some species or varieties of Cryptococcus invading the central nervous systemmycotic infection。Healthy people are not susceptible to fungal meningitis, but for thoseHIVThe infected people are different. Cryptococcal meningitis can occur after cryptococcus infection.
Early manifestation: childrenmentalityChange, such as irritability and crying;Mental dullness;Do not like games;There may beLow fever、AnorexiaVomiting, restless sleep and emaciation.
Older children can complainheadache。If the condition is serious, the headache will continue and worsen, and the vomiting will worsen and become jet, gradually appearingLethargy, convulsions may also occur, and coma, frequent convulsions, limbsMuscle relaxation, Paralysis.Irregular breathing may also occur, and some children may die.
It is common for children and the elderlypyogenic bacterium Meningitis caused by.The main symptoms are fever, headache, vomiting, irritability, etc.nervous systemInspection andCerebrospinal fluid examinationException.Because of childrenResistanceWeak,blood brain barrierThe development is not perfect, and bacteria are easy to enter the brain nervous system.It is generally caused by infection in other parts of the bodysepticemia, caused by bacteria entering the brain.Partly due totympanitis、Head injuryAfter infection, the bacteria enter the meninges directly.
Acute onset in childhood, high fever can reach above 39 ℃, and children often complain violentlyheadache, poor spirit, fatigue, anorexia, frequent vomiting.At the onset of the disease, the child is conscious. The disease progress may lead to drowsiness, confusion, confusion of speech, inability to correctly identify directions, convulsions, and coma.In case of serious illness24 hoursThere were convulsions and coma.If not treated in time, the disease progresses,stiff neck , the head is backward, the back is stiff, and the whole body bends back like a "bow", which is called in medicineopisthotonos。Irregular breathing may also occur, even respiratory failure, and some children's skin may haveBleeding spot。
Because the lesions can cause meningeal adhesions and brain parenchyma damage, cranial nerve paralysis, blindnessHearing impairment、Limb paralysis、epilepsyAnd mental retardation.
(1) HemogramThe white blood cell count of peripheral blood in acute stage was significantly increasedNeutrophilsMainly can occur, but notMature cell。
(2) Cerebrospinal fluidPressure increases, appearance is turbid and purulent,white blood cellThe count ranges from 1000 to 10000/mm, and is higher in a few cases, mainly neutrophils, which can account for more than 90% of the total number of white blood cells.SometimesPurulent cellAt this time, the smear and pathogen culture were mostly positive.Occasionally, the lumbar puncture was normal for the first time, and became purulent after re examination several hours later.The protein increases to more than 1.0g/L, and the sugar content decreases, usually below 2.2mmol/L,chlorideThe content also decreased,immunoglobulinIgMandIgGSignificantly higher.
2. Do a good job during popularityHealth promotionLarge gatherings and group activities should be avoided as far as possible. Children should not be brought to public places. They should wear masks when going out.
