The method of using the connection between things to remember through association.Association refers to the thought of another thing related to the current perception or thinking thing, or the thought of another thing in the mind, which leads to the thought of another thing.becauseobjective thingsAll kinds of knowledge are interrelated, so association is a basic way of thinkingThinking form, is a method of memory.Association means that when the human brain receives a stimulus, the image of things related to the stimulus emergesPsychological process。Generally speaking, it is easy to associate things that are close to each other, opposite things and similar things.Using association to enhance memory is a very common method.One of the main functions of memory is to establish connections in relevant experience. The more active the association in thinking, the stronger the connection of experience.If we can often form and use association, we can enhance the effect of memory.There are rules to follow in associationLaw of approach、Similitude law、Law of contrast、Law of causalityWait, yesApproaching Lenovo、Similar association、Contrastive association、Causal association。
Chinese name
Associative memory
Classification
Category 7
Interpretation
The association memory between the object of recognition and the objective reality
Regularity
There are proximity law, similarity law, contrast law, etc
Associative memory is a method of memorizing by making use of the connection between the memorizing object and the objective reality, the connection between the known and unknown, and the connection between the internal parts of the material.
The cultural implication is that when one thing is similar to another, it often leads to the association of another thing from this thing.Connect the memory materials with the things you have experienced, and the memory effect will be good.
Harry Lorraine, a famous American memory expert, said: "The basic rule of memory is to put newInformation associationIn the known. "
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① Close to association, associate with things that are close to each other.For example: HistoricallyPeter I Reform andMeiji Restoration。②Associating with similar things.For example:ItalyYour map is like a boot. ③Contrastive associationFrom one side of the opposite to the other.For example, democracy and dictatorship are dialectical unity. ④Categorize associations fromSimilar thingsChinese Lenovo. ⑤Causal association, think of the result from the reason or the reason from the result.For example:Heredity and variation。⑥Creative association is the association that artificially creates a connection.For example:Universal gravitationAndCoulomb's law。
Approach association method
According to someGeographical matterAssociation established by proximity in time or spaceMemory method。adoptApproaching LenovoIt helps us to connect new and old knowledge and enhance the knowledgecohesive force。Two or more things, in time or space, are at the same time or close together, so as long as you think of one of them, you will recall the other, and then think of others.It is easier to remember the memory materials in a certain order.
Such as reviewAmazon Plain From the sameGeospatialContact and think aboutAmazonThe annual water volume is abundant with little seasonal variation;Think of the world's largestTropical rain forestThe area is rich in tree species and severely damagedlungThe "dirty" effect is weakening.Another example is memoryocean currentIn the middle and low latitudesSubtropical zoneCentricAnticyclonetypeOcean circulationThink of the anticyclone in the northern hemisphereClockwiseFlowing, the east-west wind direction is clear at a glance.
For example, some people sometimes can't remember a very familiar foreign language word at once. They obviously study it frequently. They can even remember where the word is in the textbook, but they can't remember it at once. Then they can think of where the word is in the book, what word is in front of it, what word is followed by it, and associate it repeatedly,I can often recall this word.The relationship between this word and the words before and after is close, and this association is called spatial association.There is also a time association.For example, one person sees a very interesting explanation and explanation of a word in a dictionary and tells another person.The man was also very interested,Ask himWhich dictionary did you find it in? Go and check the full text in person.Unfortunately, he can't remember exactly which dictionary he looked up.What shall I do?
So the man recalled looking up the dictionary at that time.First of all, I found it the night before yesterday. I remember that he was happy about it for a long time that night.Think again, oh!Yes.This word is used in《unabridged dictionary》See on.Because I only checked Cihai the night before yesterday, other dictionaries were returned to the library the morning before yesterday.In this way, through the association of time, I can accurately recall that what I looked up was Cihai, not other dictionaries.
Similarity association method
It is a memory method established according to the similarities between things in nature, causes, laws and other aspects.Through similar association, we can find the commonness of things and strengthen memory.
When one thing is similar to another, it often leads to association with another.The memory effect will be good if you combine the memory materials with the things you have experienced.
In foreign language words, there are similar sounds and meanings, which can be usedAssociative methodTo help remember.
Liaoning Heishan Beiguan Experimental School andBeijing Jingshan School In the lower grades of primary school, a centralized literacy method is tested, which can enable students to read 2500 words and read general books and newspapers within two years.This kind of literacy method uses the principle similar to the associative memory method, which arranges the words that are similar in shape and sound and can cause association with each other into groups, like "Yang, Chang, Chang, Tang" together, and "Qing, Qing, Please, Qing, Jing" together.The right side of each group of Chinese characters is the same, and the Chinese pinyin of each group of characters also has commonness. The former group of Chinese pinyin is followed by "ang", and the latter group of Chinese pinyin is "qing", so that you can learn quickly and remember.
The memory method of associating geographical objects according to their obvious antagonistic characteristics.Through comparison and association, it helps us to compare the differences of things, master their characteristics and enhance memory.
When you see, hear or recall something, you will often think of something opposite to it.Comparing various kinds of knowledge and grasping their characteristics can help memory.This is it.Comparative association method。
Many poetry collections and couplets are mostly based onAntithesisThe rules are written out.For example, HangzhouYue Fei TempleThere is a couplet that says“Castle Peak is lucky to bury his loyal bones, and white iron casts a courtier innocently”。"Yes" and "No" are opposite. It is relatively comparable to burying martyrs' loyalty and forging traitorous ministers.It is said that national heroes are buried hereYue FeiThe later generations hated the traitorsexecrated Song capitulationistHe killed him with a plot, and cast a kneeling statue of Qin Hui and his wife with iron and put it in front of the tomb.As long as you remember the first sentence of this couplet, it is not difficult to recall the next sentence by comparison and association.When we recite metrical poems, we often feel that the middle two couplets are easy to recite, because the rule of metrical poems is that the middle two couplets fight each other.This contrast is often used in confrontation, for example, "Jinsha water beats the cloud cliff warm,Dadu BridgeCross the iron and tie the cold ".Another example: poets of the Tang DynastyWang WeiOf《Put it on the plug》The middle two couplets of the poem: "Zheng Peng ChuHansel, return wild geese to Hu Tian.The desert is full of smoke, and the river is full of yen”。There are a lot of comparisons, so the former sentence can naturally remind you of the latter sentence.
For example, cyclones and anticyclones are the most common in the atmosphereSports form, its air pressure distribution, air flowweather conditionOn the contrary, when learning, just remember one.
It refers to the use ofConvergent thinkingCombine or apply a certain amount of knowledge according to certain rules through associationdivergent thinkingThe memory method of connecting the same geographical knowledge from many aspects.It includes aggregate associative memory method and divergent associative memory method, which are mutually inverse processes.Using the method of gathering and dispersing associative memory can help us draw inferences from other cases, understand by analogy, expand our thinking, and establish a "Lenovo Group" of geographical knowledge.For example, the knowledge about the equator can be explained from the following points with divergent thinking.
The longest latitude line in geography;
The latitude line with the lowest latitude;
Latitude lines with equal distance from the north and south poles;
On the contrary, the use of polymerization thinking can explain that the latitude lines mentioned above are all equators.
Image associative memory
It refers to the combination of materials needed to be memorized with specific things, numbers, letters, Chinese characters orGeometryWith the help ofThinking in imagesRemember.Image association is not only conducive to stimulating interest and learning enthusiasm, but also conducive to deepening memory.Such as XinjiangTopographical featuresIt can be linked with the right half of Xinjiang. "Three horizontal" means three mountainsAltai Mountains、Tianshan MountainandKunlunMountain: "Two fields" means two major basins, namelyJunggar BasinandTarim Basin。Another example is Italy's silhouette image of high-heeled boots.
Strange associative memory
It refers to the memory method of using some strange association methods to string the scattered geographical knowledge together to form a series of objects in the brain.Through strange association, we can enhance the attraction and stimulation of knowledge to us, so that the content we need to remember can be deeply branded in our minds.asQaidam BasinThere are mining areas and railways in it. When I remember it, it can be edited as "hitting fish (cards) eastward from the cold lake and firewood (big Chaidan) southward"Xishan（Xitie Mountain）Next, Shihan (Qarhan) cut Golmud, and the train delivered it toTea card。”
Associative memorycommercial advertisementSometimes, you will get unexpected results.For example, in 1931, there was a car rental company in Shanghaiphone numberIt's "40000". In order to make passengers remember this phone number to attract business, they usemassesThe high patriotic enthusiasm at that time vigorously promoted "40000 compatriots please call 40000", which soon made it the largest one in ShanghaitaxiCompany.
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Associative memory can be roughly divided into three types according to the characteristics of memory content:
1. One point memory.For example, the memory of a person's name, place name, or other forms of abstract or incomprehensible, meaningless material.
twoTwo-point formulaMemory.It is necessary to establish a one-to-one correspondence between two things, so that when you use it, you can see this and know that.for exampleEnglish wordsThis is true between Chinese words, works and authors, countries and capitals, years and historical events, and some things and relevant data.
3. Multi point memory.There are more than two knowledge elements that need to be memorized. It is necessary to establish links between three or more things, such as memorizing 56 families, and listingLu XunMemorize one of your worksShort answer questionsAnd so on.
In memory, in addition to association, we should also use such skills: circular memory, trying to recallOver learningRemove the grind and kill the donkey, limit the time, and combine understanding.In addition, we should also pay attention to determining realistic goals, and we can't expect to recite everything verbatim.
Learning MathematicsRational numberWhen learning, you can associate numbers and their concepts with the shape of number axis.Combine rational numbers withNumber axisConnect the points on theOpposite to each other、absolute value, comparison of rational numbers, etc.
First, define the three elements of the number axis - origin, positive directionUnit length。Where the origin is equivalent tothermometerZero point of, rightPositive direction, the unit length depends on the specific situation.
The two numbers on the number line are always larger on the right than on the left.
2. Memorizing historical years by association
Battle of FeishuiIt happened in AD 383. Fei can be associated with obesity. From obesity to fat dolls, the two circles of the word 8 are just the head and body of the fat dolls, and the two 3s are two ears.I remember it when I think about it.
3. Memory of historical events by association
There were three large-scale peasant uprisings in the Han Dynasty: the first was in AD 17Greenwood Uprising；Second, it happened in AD 18Red eyebrow uprising；Third, it happened in AD 184Huangjin Uprising。The first two times occurred in the Western Han Dynasty, and the last time occurred in the Eastern Han Dynasty.The time of the three uprisings can be recorded by comparison, which is the most impressiveheadacheIt is easy to confuse the order of the names of the uprisings.Therefore, associative memory can be used to remember.The names of the three uprisings all have colors, namely green, red and yellow, which can be associated with maple leaves.Maple leaves turn green in spring and summer, red in autumn and yellow in winter.
Only SiO2 is acid oxideInsolubleThe rest are soluble.It can be remembered that only sand (SiO2) is insoluble.Imagine that if the sand can be dissolved, the sand in the river will melt away.
5. Memorizing historical events and years by association
In 202 BC,Liu BangEstablish the Han Dynasty and set the capitalChang'anIt can be recorded as: "Look at the ducks before they lay eggs, and Liu Bang will have his capital in Chang'an".This is because 2 are like ducks and 0 are like eggs.
6. Remembering the founding years of Wei, Shu and Wu by association
In 220 AD,Cao PiJianwei, whose capital was set in Luoyang, needs to remember: "220", "Cao Pi", "Jianwei", "Luoyang" and other items, which can be recorded as "Cao Pi fed Luoyang sheep (Yang), two (22) cakes a day (0)" by association plus series.The same can be said:“Liu BeiTo guard (Sichuan) Chengdu, two (22) medicines a day (1) ":“king of Wu in the Three Kingdoms EraJianwuye (Jianye) raised three ducks (222).
Because Liu Bei was in his twilight when he founded Shu, he took two medicines a day;Sun Quan'sWu kingdomIt is near the Yangtze River, so it is connected with duck raising.
In 280 AD, Jin destroyed Wu, thus endingthree countriesA tripartite confrontation.The extinction of Wu means that Wu has been broken up and disappeared. The word Wu can be broken down into three characters: "two, eight, and mouth", which is exactly the same as 280.
8. Memory of place names by association
ChileCapital of“Santiago”It can be recorded that a man's intelligence is better than his brother's than his brother's.
9. Memory and literacy by association
In foreign language words, there are similar sounds and meanings, which can be usedassociation by similarityTo help memory.
LiaoningMontenegro Beiguan Experimental School andBeijing Jingshan School In the lower grades of primary school, a centralized literacy method is tested, which can enable students to read 2500 words and read general books and newspapers within two years.This literacy method is usedSimilar associationMnemonicsThe truth is that words with similar shapes and sounds can be combined into groups, such as "Yang, Chang, Chang, Tang" and "Qing, Qing, Please, Qing, Jing".The right side of each group of Chinese characters is the same, and the Chinese pinyin of each group of characters is also common. The former group of Chinese pinyin is followed by "ang", and the latter group of Chinese pinyin is qing, so that you can learn quickly and remember.
Important points
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① We should choose the intermediary of good association (that is, the channel of good association).Because this is the key to memory, if you choose well, you will be "suddenly enlightened". If you think of some material or method to solve the problem, the problem will be solved;The choice is not good, sometimes very simple will also "jam", thought for a long time can not understand.
② Pay attention to the accumulation of knowledge.Because association is the product of the connection between new and old knowledge, the knowledge learned first should become the knowledge learned laterBasis of knowledge, OldKnowledge accumulationThe more new knowledge is linked, the easier it is to associate, and the easier it is to understand and remember new knowledge.
skill
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1、 Substitution method
Application: The two words are associative and closely related.
The substitution method isKnowing method, and emotional law.This means that we use one word instead of another.In our own opinion, the two words are associative and closely related.For example, I said that one person was stolen because of the May Day holiday.Therefore, when he says the word 51, he will think of evil thieves.For some people, when we talk about China, we think of the Great Wall, ChinaKungfu Online，map of China, chicken, or something... This is to substitute one word for another.Use a concrete word instead of an abstract word.Of course, not necessarily words.A direct image, the feeling is OK.For example, when it comes to happiness.Some people think of his son's smirkQuick memory method。Then he can use the picture of his son instead of the word happiness.For example, when I say freedom, you can contact yourself.What pictures are there?Feeling?Or specific words?
These are all OK.The important thing is, before you apply this skill, don't think it is impossible, try it first.Let's talk about whether we can do it or not.
There is one thing to add about the substitution method.You go from A to B.You go from A to B.It doesn't mean that you will think of A from B.So, you transform an A (abstract word) into a B (concrete word, or image, or feeling).Also in mind, turn B into A.Think of B and read A.For example, thinking about the Statue of Liberty, meditating: freedom.This is called decompressing and restoring.It is also called confirmation.It corrects and strengthens your brain connections.Keep your memory accuracy at a high level.
1 direct, 2 add and subtract, 3 replace.Let's add a little bit about substitution.Some words, although they are nouns, can think of images, but not very specific.For example, musical instruments.We can think about specific musical instruments.such aspiano。The resulting image is clear and specific.It's easy to remember.
Application: homophonic and pictographic.The homophonic method is to replace the original word with a word with similar pronunciation.
For example, love, Aiqin.It will take you a while to think of Aiqin from love.Or think of other homonyms, not necessarily fast.Love, love, orange love, little lover
Love the picture of kissing
Love - the picture of the wedding
These are the methods of addition, subtraction and substitution.Soon.I can always think of a pile.Usually remember things, not like some people, a word hard to those who want to homophonic.While reading, associate and transform.A story like a movie comes out.Then, decompress.While imagining the picture, it reverts to text.If you can't restore it, fix it again to strengthen your memory.OK.Homophony is the last choice.Because it is like a substitution method, there is often no reason for a word to replace a word.Just like the evil thief replacing 51.Only the person concerned knows why.The rules of addition and subtraction don't seem to be precise.Why is placement just a matter of principle?
Therefore, all the memory books you see on the market talk about homophonics.Because the real magic method is not easy to write down, or people still want to make money.Sometimes a word, such as science, can be used to describe a researcher's work.It is a flash of the picture.It doesn't make any sense.When you write it out, there may be a group of brothers who love each other more and say: Why is this?Will this not work?Can you remember?What if I made a mistake right away?There is no reasonwait.
Tips: Some people have a misunderstanding.It's just one word. He has to translate both words.Sometimes not needed.You can change one word, usually the last word.Harmonize.The initials do not change.Sometimes.Foreign aid??Foreign Dinner??This is also good for foreigners' banquets and outside banquets, and it saves time and effort.chinese??Hanyu??The jade of the Han Dynasty came out at once.
3、 Addition and subtraction
Application: On the basis of understanding, we use addition and subtraction.Addition and subtraction are words that are too abstract to remember.We add some words to them, or reduce some words.Make them easier to remember.
For example, pension;Resettlement, safety, security, subsidy, compensation.Remove some words and it will become a common action.It is always easier to imagine touching, pressing and mending clothes.However, this is based on your familiarity and understanding of the original text.This is the Nth time for me to emphasize it.Only when you understand, can you restore these highly compressed words to the original.It's not a high summary. At least what you need to remember, do you know what it means?Some people don't understand what it means, so they keep reading.The mouth reads, but the brain has gone to nowhere.Understand the meaning.
A: When I saw the wings, I remembered the barbecue
Application: A pictogram is a word, symbol, map, etc. It is abstract or hard to remember.There are also numbers.We choose images similar to their shapes to replace them.
Application: Words or sentences that can remind you of images, sounds, and feelings.Just don't convert.Just remember, or use the chain method mentioned later.
This method mainly serves as a reminder.When you use itConversion methodThe first method is direct.If you can stop turning, don't turn.Because there is a lot of learningMnemonicsOur friends, who clearly don't need to transform words or sentences, are also sweating.
Example Recrystallization:Cold deformationThe process in which the microstructure and properties of a metal return to the softening state before deformation when heated.
This is a concept question. You need to remember the following definition.So, friends began to turn.Crystallization, cold, hot, structure, properties, deformation, soft.I searched for seven clue words.Then I began to transform... I was more tired than memorizing.In fact, youRead firstOnce, understand it.NoCold metalWill it become soft after being heated?Very easy to understand.Therefore, during heating, the cold deformed metal... recovers to the softening state before deformation.This part can be directly remembered.Think of a metal, such as a sword.When a sword is heated, it returns to its previous soft state.OK.
Then, there are only two more abstract words left.[Organization] and [Performance] Organization. I think the swords are one group and two.Keep sth. in mind.Performance, sexual homophone star.I want to carve stars on the sword, remember.OK.So, from this example.We can see that what can or cannot be transformed can be directly remembered through understanding and imagination.We won't worry about it.Only those parts that cannot be directly imagined, understood and remembered can be processed locally.
Direct method, addition and subtraction method and substitution method have been able to solve the transformation of most words.Their characteristic is "fast".Needless to say, the direct method does not turn.Add and subtract.Come on.Think of the substitution method. The chicken lays eggs quickly.The homophonic method and pictographic method are relatively slow.You can use it according to the situation.
