Glycosyl Partially contains sialic acid Of Glycosphingolipid , often called ganglioside. Kroenke (E.Klenk, 1935) first found that there was a accumulation of Tag Sachs gangli oside in the brain of children with Tay Sachs disease Gray white matter It contains a lot of Glycolipids It is named ganglioside. The known sugar part is composed of Hexose 、 Aminosugar There are more than 8 kinds of gangliosides composed of sialic acid. By Minfu Yamakawa (1951) in the horse Blood cell Non nervous system gangliosides found in the matrix - mainly hemoside, with the structure of ceramide （1←1β）GLc（4←1β）Gal（3←2α） sialic acid ]。 Gangliosides are mainly found in cell membrane , which is paid attention to because of its relationship with membrane function. Clostridium tetani and cholera bacterium Of Exotoxin Can interact with specific ganglioside molecules Specific binding 。 In water and Organic solvent Medium soluble. It is polymerized by millions of molecules in water Microblock Status exists. 
Ganglioside right subscript M D T represents gangliosides containing 1, 2 and 3 sialic acids respectively, Subscripts 1, 2, and 3 refer to those associated with ceramide sugar chain Sequence: 1 is Gal GalNAc Gal Glc Cer;
2 is GalNAc Gal Glc Cer
3 is Gal Glc Cer.
Ganglioside [1] Gangliosides are the most important glycosphingolipids nervous system especially Nerve endings It is rich in content and variety. They may be Nerve impulse It plays an important role in transmission. many Hereditary disease It involves the accumulation of specific glycosphingolipids, such as Tay sachs disease, which is characterized by progressive growth retardation, paralysis, blindness, and death within 3 to 4 years after birth. The cause is due to lysosome Internal congenital deficiency of β - N-acetyl Hexosamine Enzyme A (β - N-acetylhexandase A), therefore, it cannot hydrolyze the Glycosidic bond And cause G m2 Very accumulated in the brain. 
Molecular formula of GM GM can mediate nerve growth factor NGF to promote brain nerve Cell regeneration , showing good biological effect 。—— Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong Medical University NGF and GM clinical practice Li Du has shown the effect of promoting the recovery of the nervous system, which has become a research hotspot. Such as these two Drug synergy Can be fully applied, will be able to Central nervous system Patients with diseases bring greater hope—— Shandong Medical Sciences University Affiliated Hospital neurosurgery 
