Copper tetraammonium sulfate

inorganic compound

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Copper tetramine sulfate is dark blue orthogonal crystal , soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol 、 Ether 、 acetone 、 Trichloromethane 、 carbon tetrachloride etc. Organic solvent 。 Common cause copper sulphate And ammonia After the action, ethanol is slowly added to obtain crystals. Commonly used as insecticide Mordant It is also commonly used in alkaline copper plating Electroplating solution It is also an efficient and safe broad-spectrum bactericide, or a plant growth hormone Under the condition of pesticide application, it can promote crop growth and significantly improve crop yield 。

Chinese name: Copper tetraammonium sulfate
Foreign name: Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate
Alias: Tetramine copper sulfate 、 Cuprammonia sulfate
chemical formula: Cu(NH three ) four SO four ·H two O
molecular weight: two hundred and forty-five point seven nine

CAS login number: 14283-05-7^[2]
Melting point: 330 ℃^[2]
Water solubility: 18.5g/100g(21.5°C)
Density: 1.81 g/cm³
Appearance: Dark Blue Purple

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six security information
seven Introduction to toxicology

Physical and chemical properties

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Tetraammonium sulfate copper , of Complex salt , commonly known as Cupric ammoniate Tetraammonium sulfate complex copper, chemical formula [Cu (NH three ) four ]SO four ， Formula quantity 227.55, usually containing one crystal water. Copper tetraammonium sulfate will be hydrolyzed and released in the air ammonia 。 When brass and copper alloy When corroded by ammonia, there will be dark blue tetraammonium copper complex compound , material cracking will occur later. This problem was first discovered because of the amount of animal feces near the cartridge case storage site. This corrosion phenomenon is called cracking^[1] 。

Material structure

Structure of Hydrated Copper Tetraammonium Sulfate

Solid hydration Tetraammonium copper sulfate contains [Cu (NH three ) four (H two O)] 2+ Ion molecular structure It is a square cone, and the distance between Cu-N and Cu-O is about 210 and 233pm.^[1] See the picture "Hydrated copper tetraammonium sulfate structure".

physical property

Dark blue orthorhombic crystal. relative density 1.81。 Melting point 150 ℃ (decomposition). Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol Ether 、 acetone 、 Trichloromethane 、 carbon tetrachloride etc. Organic solvent 。 stay Alkaline solution Dilute to 250 times without precipitation. Decomposition in hot water.

chemical property

Hydrated copper tetraammonium sulfate decomposes into copper sulphate and ammonia ， Chemical equation For:

[Cu(NH three ) four (H two O) two ]SO four ----- 150℃ -----→ CuSO four + 4NH three ↑ + 2H two O

Hydrated copper tetraammonium sulfate can be decomposed into copper, nitrogen, ammonia sulfur dioxide And water, chemical reaction The equation is:

3[Cu(NH three ) four (H two O) two ]SO four ----- 650℃ -----→ 3Cu + 2N two ↑ + 8NH three ↑ + 3SO two ↑ + 12H two O

Can be Sulfur ion Occurs under the condition of Hydrolysis reaction , generate more Insoluble Of Copper sulfide ：

[Cu(NH three ) four ]SO four ＋Na two S → CuS↓＋Na two SO four ＋4NH three ↑

Ionic equation ：[Cu(NH three ) four ] 2+ ＋S 2- ＝CuS↓＋4NH three ↑

Preparation method

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from copper sulphate And ammonia Add slowly after action ethanol And get. The main principle of its preparation is:

CuSO four + 4NH three + 2H two O ----------→ [Cu(NH three ) four (H two O) two ]SO four

① Copper sulfate solution Add a small amount of ammonia water: 2CuSO four + 2NH three + 2H two O ---------→ Cu two ( OH ) two SO four ↓ + (NH four ) two SO four

② Excessive addition of copper sulfate solution ammonia ：CuSO four + 4NH three + 2H two O ----------→ [Cu(NH three ) four (H two O) two ]SO four

application area

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Commonly used as insecticide Mordant It is also commonly used in alkaline copper plating Electroplating solution It is the main component of copper, widely used in industry, mainly used in printing and dyeing, fiber, pesticide and preparation of some copper containing compounds. Copper tetramine sulfate is moderately stable, dark blue crystal , easy to mix with water and carbon dioxide Reaction, forming copper Basic salt , making the crystal green powder. It is an efficient and safe broad-spectrum bactericide fungus 、 Bacterial disease All of them have good control effect; It's also a plant growth hormone Under the condition of pesticide application, it can promote crop growth and significantly improve crop yield 。 Copper tetramine sulfate is related to Schweizer reagent, which is used to make cellulose fibers when manufacturing rayon.

prevention and cure rice false smut , 14% aqueous solution diluted 250~300 times; prevention and cure Cucumber angular spot , diluted 200~250 times, prevention and treatment Tomato blight , diluted 200 times; prevention and cure Apple canker Dilute 10~20 times; Control cotton boll blight, diluted 150~300 times; prevention and cure Grape downy mildew , diluted 200~250 times; prevention and cure xanthomonas campestris , diluted 250~350 times; prevention and cure Watermelon wilt , Celery Cercospora leaf spot , diluted 200 times; prevention and cure phomopsis asparagi Dilute 150~200 times.

Calculate chemical data

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data^[2] ：

1、 hydrogen bond Number of donors: 4

2. Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 8

3. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

4. Topological molecule polar surface area (TPSA): 84.3

5. Number of heavy atoms: 10

6. Surface charge: 0

7. Complexity: 62.2

8. Number of isotope atoms: 0

9. Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0

10. Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0

11. Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers: 0

12. Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0

13. Number of covalent bond units: 6

Molecular structure data

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data^[2] ：

1. Molar refractive index: None available

2. Molar volume (cm three /Mol): None available

3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K): none available

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): none available

5. Dielectric constant: None available

6. Polarization (10 -24 cm three ）: No available

7. Single isotope mass: 244.998091 Da

8. Nominal mass: 245 Da

9. Average mass: 245.746 Da

security information

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Security Statement (Europe)	22-24/25^[2]

Introduction to toxicology

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Toxic LD fifty (mg/kg): low toxicity. Large Duplicant Acute oral 2150. Rat Over 10000 per skin. The accumulation coefficient in rats is greater than 5.3. Residues in cucumber Copper content Not more than 1mg/kg, and the residual copper content in rice is not more than 2mg/kg.

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