Dionysus（Greek: Δό νν σ ο, English: Dionysus), yesancient GreekThe god of wine in the myth,Twelve main gods of Olympusone of.Dionysus was believed by the ancient Greeks and ThraciansWineThe god not only possessed the power of wine intoxication, but also became an extremely inspiring god at that time by giving joy and love. He promoted the civilization of ancient society, established laws, and maintained world peace.
In addition, he also protected Greek agriculture andDramatic culture。stayOlympusAccording to the legend, he isZeusAndsemele The son of ZeusPersephone）。The ancient Greeks' sacrifice to Bacchus is a secretreligious ritesOne, similar to forDemeterAndPersephoneOfUlysses Mystery Instrument。In Thracian ceremonies, he woreFox skinIt is said to symbolize rebirth.The Dionysus Carnival, the exclusive Dionysus, is the most secret religious ceremony.
Dio in Dionysus' name is generally believed to be derived fromZeus（Zeus，GenitiveDio），LikeBrother Dioscuri（Ancient Greek：Διόσκουροι，Latin: Diosc Ru) has the same name as Dio -.Scholar Robert S. P. Beekes believes that his divine name may originate from the formerGreek period。
The origin of Dionysus worship is very early. In Mycenaean Greek, in the record left by linear B characters, his god name is written as 0 (di wo nu so).Historians believe that aroundB.CBetween 1500 and 1100, the Dionysus belief was already prevalent in the Mycenaean civilization.Some scholars believe that this belief may have appeared in the Minoan civilization.
The first is that DionysusZeusandsemele 's son.Semele was the princess of Tebai. Zeus fell in love with her and had a tryst with her.Days laterHeraAfter learning this, she became jealous and became a relative of the princess, urging the princess to ask Zeus to see his real body to verify Zeus' love for her.Zeus could not resist the princess's request and showed the original shape (like the god of thunder). As a result, Semele was burned to death in the thunder fire. Zeus rescued the infant Dionysus, who was not yet full term, and sewed him into his thigh. He did not take him out until full term. Because he walked like a cripple in Zeus's thigh, Zeus got the name Dionysus (meaning "lame man").
SectionTwo statementsDionysus is Zeus andPersephone's son.HerasendTitanGod killed and destroyed the body of Dionysus, but Zeus saved his heart and let his soul reincarnate into Semele's body again.Therefore, the story about the rebirth of DionysusGreeceEverywhere, people worship.
When Dionysus came of age, Hera still refused to let him go, making him crazy and wandering around.In the process of wandering on the earth, heChurch farmersWe make wine, so it becomesBacchus, alsoancient GreekOne of the farmers' favorite gods, the god of wine is sacrificed to commemorate him every year, and thus developedAncient Greek Tragedy。
stayBattle of TitanDuring Titanomachy, Zeus and the goddess of grainDemeterThe daughter of Persephone has risen and fallen gracefully.Demeter hid her in a cave to avoid her falling into the clutches of lecherous Zeus.But Zeus found this young virgin, and turned into a dragon to combine with her.So Persephone gave birth to Zagreus, a son with horns on his head.The newborn Zagreus climbed upOlympus Mons , sitting on the throne of Zeus, waving Zeus' thunder and lightning with his tender little hand - Zeus hinted that he would inherit his throne.
The jealous queen Hera instigated the Titans to rob Zagreos.Zagreus escapes in various forms, and the Titans usedrum-shaped rattle、CastanetAnd the mirror seduced him.The young god was attracted by the mirror, and he looked at his own image with fascination.The Titans seized the opportunity to seize Zagreus, strangle him, tear him up, put him on the fire, and finally ate him.Athena, the goddess of wisdom, saved his heart and brought it to Zeus in a small box.Zeus swallowed it and preserved the mind of Zagreus.
Later Zeus and Princess Thebaisemele (Semele) Love, put the mind of Zagreos into Semele's belly, and reincarnate him intoDionysus（Dionysus）。
Mythical deeds
Dionysus
Dionysus was the god of wine, the son of Zeus and Semele.When Zeus saw his lover Semele with his true face, Semele fell to the ground and fainted at the first sight of the god.Zeus saw her panic,One stepTo her side, unexpectedly, the lightning fire on Zeus ignited the palace.In an instant, everything in the past turned into ashes.When Semele was burned to death by the bright flame, Dionysus was still a baby, but his father saved him with a strong hand.His father sewed him into his thigh and waited for his official birth.So the name means "the lame leg of Zeus".
Dionysus as a baby was entrusted to his motherSister in law, the second wife of King Athamas of Thebes.She regarded Dionysus as her own son, but Zeus, who was afraid of the revenge of the queen, finally chose to ask Hercules to take the child to Nisiad's home and place it with the mountain fairies, who carefully nurtured him.When he was young, he was appointed as the god of carnival, while the god of mountain forest was half human and half sheep（Silenus）He is his tutor, who educates and accompanies him on his journey. He rides around in his car pulled by a wild animal, a black leopard.He has all the secrets of nature andHistory of Wine。Wherever he went, he taught people how to plantGrapeAnd make sweet wine.It is said that he wandered from Greece toAsia Minor, even dare to take risks, as far as India andEthiopia。Wherever he goes, music, singing and binge drinking follow him.His attendants are known as the followers of Bacchus, and they are also famous for their noisy and disorderly behavior.They laugh wildly, drink, dance and sing carelessly.Among his female followers, the most unrestrained is the Dionysian priest.In the atmosphere of carnival, they were drunk and danced with him all the time, from one kingdom to another.When they are crazy or extremely excited, they will use cruel violence.They used toOrpsThe talented musician tore his hands and feet.Even the king of Tebai, Penthos, insisted on persecuting the god of wine and the people of Tebai who followed the god of wine because his own people worshipped Bacchus (the Roman name of Dionysus), so he was punished by the god of wine and died tragically in an angry woman（bacchae）The one who led this group of fanatical women to punish him was his own mother, Agua.
Dionysus and Icarius
The king of Attica, Icarius, had a good relationship with Dionysus. Dionysus taught him how to make wine and warned him to put the bottle of wine well and hide it, otherwise it would cause disaster.Icarius did not take Dionysus's words to heartWinetoCrossing the road20% of the shepherds drank it, but they got drunk and thought it was poison.They beat Icarius to death, threw his body into the Anygro well, and covered the wellhead with stones.The daughter of Icarius, Erigone, found her father's body with the help of her dog Myra.Later, Erigne hanged himself to death. When Dionysus learned about it, he became angry and fell to AtticaplagueAfter that, Icarius, Erigne and Myra, the faithful domestic dog, became constellations, namely Herdsman, Virgo and Dog.[1]
A clever little ErosErosFlapping his wings, he camechaos (Chaos), after he knocked on the gloomy door of the primitive gods, he took twelve sacred arrows of love from the old Kaos.These twelve love arrows are specially designed forZeusThe preparations will make the king of gods fall in love with twelve ordinary women.
Eros sharpened the twelve love arrows on rough stonesAn arrowThere is a gold inscription on it:
The first is inscribed with "Indulge in the cow Io";
The second one is engraved with "become a bull and abductEuropa（Europa）”；
The third one is inscribed with "Pluto, the bride of the supreme ruler of Olympus";
The fourth one is engraved with "turning into golden rainDanae(Danae)'s bed companion ";
The fifth one is engraved with "andsemele (Semele) Conclude a marriage burning with flame ";
The sixth one is engraved with "Becoming an Eagle Abduction"Aegina （Aigina）”；
The seventh one is inscribed with "Pretend to be Satyr and occupy Antiope";
The eighth branch is inscribed with "The deformed swan occupies Leda";
The ninth branch is engraved with "The deformed noble stallion chases Dia";
The tenth one is inscribed with "BlessAlkmene(Alcmene) three days and three nights ";
The eleventh one is inscribed with "Take Laodameia as the bride";
The twelfth branch is inscribed with "seducing Olympias".
Then Eros took the fifth arrow and wrapped one around itIvyThe twigs are dipped in the bowl containing the wine of grape god, and then the wings are shakenOlympus Holy MountainIn the palace of Zeus, he shot this sacred arrow of love at the king of the gods[2]
Semele's Dream
Dionysus
That night, Semele, the princess of Tebai, had a dream. She dreamed that a fruit tree with luxuriant branches in the garden was soaked in the dew of Zeus and was full of immature fruit clusters.Suddenly, a flash of lightning crossed the sky and fell from the sky, knocking down the fruit tree, but did not touch the immature fruit.While the lightning struck fruit tree was burning, a plump winged bird flew in, picked up the immature fruit string and took it to Cronion (Zeus).Zeus sewed the fruit into his thigh and continued to nourish and nurture -- so a baby with horn was formed and born... Somehow, Semele seemed to feel that he was the fruit tree with luxuriant branchesElectric fireThe whole body is burning violently after being hit by.She struggled desperately, yellingnightmareAfter he broke free, he was soaked with sweat.
She sat up in a trance and leaned against the bed, trying to dispel the mysterious impression left in her mind.She looked out of the window at the dim dawn and recalled the nightmare that had just passed away. The more she thought about it, the more frightened she became.So she got up quickly and rushed out of the boudoir to her fatherCadmus(Cadmus), tells his father the nightmare truthfully.
The king was shocked when he heard his daughter's nightmare. He immediately sent someone to tell the great prophet of TebaiTiresias(Teiresias) Come here, tell him about his daughter's dream, and ask him to interpret the dream for his daughter.
After hearing the king's story, Tiresias immediately got the inspiration of prophecy, butHe did not have.Directly reveal the future predicted by the enigmatic omen, just tell the king to send the princess immediatelyTemple of Zeus, make a wish to sacrifice a bull to Zeus, the god of thunder.
A few days later, the princess Semele came from the city to the altar of Zeus and offered him a bull as she had promised.She stood beside the sacrifice and sprinkled her own body with the blood of the bull. Her hair and clothes were dyed red by the blood of the bull, and she was soaked in the blood of the sacrifice
After the sacrifice, Semele dragged his blood stained robe to the Azopos River deep in the grass, jumped into the river, and washed his blood soaked body and coat.
After washing her body, the girl swam to the other side of the river naked with the accompanying maids.
On the water surface, she stretched her beautiful limbs gracefully, stepping on the water with her feet from time to time, so that her head was out of the water and her hair wouldn't get wet.
Her tender skin glowed with rose color in the dark water, which made Nymphs envious.They exclaimed, "The snow-white skin is shining like the moon. Could it be the moon godSelene (Selene) Going to Latmus Cave with the beloved shepherdEndymion（Endymion）Before the tryst, came here to bathe?Who is itMuseGoddess from nearbyhelicon (Helicon) Did mountain diving come to our waters?Could it be that Cronos once again castrated his father with a sickle in Cyprus, making the frothy sea water grow a littleAphrodite（Aphrodite）？Her eyes are so peaceful and pure. Could it be that Athena, the virgin god, came here from heaven? "
At this time, Zeus was scanning the earth from high altitude with his eyes of insight, and his eyes fell on the beautiful girl involuntarily.Seeing that the time was ripe, Eros stood aside and quickly pulled out his carved bow, which contained life. Zeus became histarget！Although Zeus was great, he could not resist the power of Eros' magic arrow.Where the bowstring flashed, the arrow of love was like a meteor, with the newly married whistling sound, straight to the heart of Zeus.
Suddenly, Zeus felt a heat surge in his heart, and he was surprised to see the bright eyes, as if he had seen Princess PhoeniciaEuropaSimilarly, the graceful body and irresistible charming appearance made him have uncontrollable passion.
He jumped with a start.Although he has a sharp vision of seeing the world, he is never satisfied with seeing from a distance.So he turned into a giant eagle, flew over the river Asopus, and couldn't wait to get a close look at the girl who fascinated him.
The girl's rosy face was full of youth, the eyes of the water spirit were full of innocent childishness, and the bright neck and chest were full of temptation, which made Zeus lost his mind.
At this time, Eros in the sky was adding his love of arrows far away. The king of the gods felt that all arrows pierced his heart, his mouth was dry and his heart was burning.He hides his original form and turns into a fish, following a dreamlike girl.thatbig floodThe operator of the thunderbolt lightning could not resist the soft fire of Paphia (Aphrodite's alias), the sheepskin shield of the god of thunder could not rival Aphrodite's warm belt, and the king of the gods finally became a slave who loved arrows!
When Semele boarded the east bank of the Asopus River, he comfortably changed into a new dry suit.At this time, she had left all the horrors brought by that terrible nightmare in the river and shook into the pleasant breeze[2]
The God King fulfills his wish
Zeus returned restlesslyOlympusAfter repeated reflection, he decided to go to Semele that night.
Dionysus
He felt that time had become particularly long.He turned his eyes to the west, hoping that the evening star would come soon.He shouted impatiently:“HeliosYou know the madness of love. Why don't you whip the god horse, make the solar car go through the sky quickly, and let the pioneer of love, Hesperos, come early?If I can go to Semele as early as I wish, then you can enjoy yourself as early as possibleClumene②（Clymene）！Don't torture me, as long as I want, I will cover you with the mist daughter, then the night will appear in the day, and the stars will shine at noon!Tell me, late night, jealousDawn GoddessEos(Eos) When will you leave?Now is the time for you to lift the torch and lead Zeus to his beloved!Get your car, and I ask you, the bright moon, rising on the roof of the lovely Semele, to send out the soft light that makes trees and flowers grow, to illuminate my desire, because this combination will herald the birth of Dionysus, which is cherished by plants. For the pursuit of Zeus, please make the night more gentle and longer! "
At this time, a huge black pine cone jumped out of the earth and rose higher and higher, producing a shadow that covered the whole earth.So Zeus could not wait to cross the starry sky and go to the city of Tebai.
When he arrived in front of the Cadmus Palace, the crossbar on the palace gate fell off by itself, and the palace gates opened automatically one by one.He hurried to the boudoir of Princess Semele, and finally the eager bride was firmly held in his irresistible arm
The horned god bent over the bed of mortals and called with a bull like voice, just like Dionysus who later had horns.Immediately, he transformed into apanther, a male lion with fluffy neck hair, just as it indicates that the future son is a panther rider and lion's ruler.Then he turned into a young groom with curling snakes, grape leaves and purple ivy wrapped around his head.Later, he turned into a billowing snake, crawling on the trembling bride, licking and kissing her rose colored neck with gentle lips, wrapping her chest and firm breasts, and hissing.He shouted "Euoe", like grapesJuicerThe sound indicates the fanatical cry that his future son and his followers love.His crazy kisses, like fragrant honey and delicious wine, made the bedmate who would bring him a son holding the rod of god of wine intoxicated.
At this time, agrapewineIt grows from the bottom of the bed, sprouts and leaves around Semele's bed, spreads and crawls constantly, and then blooms, producing purple grape clusters
The satisfied god king comforted his bride and said, "My wife, I am Cronides, and you should be proud of having such a holy husband! Among mortals, no child is more noble than your future child: Danae is inferior to you; your aunt Europa is inferior to you, and she only has the right to goCreteYour ultimate destination is Olympus!What will you want after entering the starry Olympus?Europa's sonMinosOnly enjoy the glory of Hades, while your future son Dionysus enjoys the glory of heaven!Happy woman, you have an immortal son, he will make people forget their troubles, because of him, you will also get incomparable happiness and happiness! "[2]
Heraset
Dionysus
After Zeus returned to Olympus, his bride was still on his mind.He felt more passionate in Tebai than in Olympus.Then he summoned the fast footedGoddess of Timing(Seasons), tell them to go to the Cadmus Palace in Tebai City to wait on his beloved bride.
semele After the pregnancy of Zeus's child, the abdomen began to increase gradually, and the mood also changed greatly.She is often excited about ivyCorollaAsFloral decorationWear it on the head, just like the female believers in Bassarids later.She prefers the old shepherdDouble tubeThe melodious melody of the shepherd flute prefers the harmonious and melodious echo of Echo in the countryside.She often wearsCorsetThe coat, running out of the house alone,barefootRunning on the grass covered hills, singing and dancing, he ran into Dugu's woods in the mountains.On the pastures on the hillside, she would sing and dance happily to the music played by Pan.When the cymbals sound, the baby in her belly will also wriggle excitedly with her dance steps.Whenever the broad horn bull's chirp comes from the pasture, she can't help imitating the sound of the bull's chirp
Zeus's maidservants, the Goddesses of Timing, always dutifully patrolled the sky, looking after the future young mother.
The joyful Semele arousedNemesis(Nemesis)PsychopathyThe jealous goddess was suffering in her heart and had a vicious idea.He became the god of warAresThe appearance of thePoisonous flowerThe fake blood extracted from, pretending to kill the enemy and be shieldedScratchesHe raised his hands and made a terrible roar from his throat, like that of nine thousand people.She came to Hera andAthenaIn front of him, he provoked the two goddesses with a demagogic rumor.She said to Hera, "My mother, I found a groom in the sky. Semel stole your husband. He often went to Tebai, the seven gates of the city, to have a tryst with her. He was very happy that his mortal bride had a child! My mother, what's the use of jealousy? Is there nothing you can do about their adultery? You cruelBullflyWhere is it?Now, the heifer no longer runs away in panic on the sea, and there is no one with eyesArgosThen watch the lecherous Clonides.I don't want to watch my unfortunate mother being robbed of her husband, but what can I count in Olympus?I want to leave my father's heaven and go to my own Trake!My father often abducts Fan girls as brides, and even often uses them to decorate heaven. I will retaliate against him for abducting girls. If he comes to my country for a girl like Bistonian, I will let him experience the power of the angry Ares. I will hold the fatal Titan's gun,Heartlessly drive this lecher out of Terakhi!My mother, you used to torture those who were pregnant with Apollo and ArtemisLeto(Leto), why does he become so weak now and easily let go of Semele who was pregnant with Dionysus?Hephaestus once helped Zeus to give birth to Tritogeneia, but Zeus's disgustingbastardMore powerful than Athena, Zeus will no longer need others to useAxeIf you help me, I will give birth to him from my thigh!Dionysus will be put into a comfortable, divine pregnancy bed, separated from the blood of mortals, and become the god of Olympus like Athena.In contrast, motherlessPalas② (Pallas) looks so pale!I am ashamed that people will say, 'Zeus is willing to fight Ares for his son Dionysus.'Well, because Dionysus, the illegitimate son of Zeus, I would rather leave heaven and become an exiled god. Let Istrus accept his homeless monarch with cold and turbulent flood.Before seeing Semele and Bacchus become residents of Olympus and Ariadne's corolla become stars, I will follow the movement of Helios and travel with Dawn who is covered with mist.I will stop and watchPerseus（Perseus）Hold up Medusa（Medusa）Glaring head, wavingmacheteKill the sea monster and rescue itAndromedaZeus arranged for her to settle down in Olympus and Athena to turn her intoAndromeda！”
After hearing these provocative words, Hera's face changed abruptly.The Goddess of Envy knew that these words had played a role, so she jumped into the sky and disappeared.
EnragedHeraPut on the Swift Flying Shoes, go through the starry sky and countless cities to CreteDiceDicte, look for Deceit, the cheating goddess, and borrow a belt that can make her husband change his mind.
After entering the cave of Dechete, she went up to Dechete and said, "Hello, scheming woman, even sly and deceitfulHermesNot as good as you!Please sendRuiyaLend me the colorful belt ④ tied on my waist to deceive my husband.I didn't want to cheat my husband, but a common woman stole my husband, and my son Ares also left heaven for this!Zeus turned into a golden rain and shared the bed with Danae, resulting in DanaeBedclothesIn the box, you will end up drifting around on the sea;Zeus turned into a bull and abducted Europa. As a result, Europa was abandoned on Crete;Iran RussiaIt was possessed by Zeus in the dark clouds, only to becomeCow, tortured by flies;Even the goddess Leto didn't get a good end. She was there only after a lot of hardshipsFloating islandShe had a hard time giving birth.However, this ordinary woman Semele is unusual. For her sake, Zeus no longer goes to Hera's bed!I'm really worried that my husband may exile me from the sky and support her to become the Queen of Olympus for the sake of that ordinary woman!I will be forced to leave heaven, go to the edge of the earth, the extreme of the ocean, and go to the original Tethys family life. ①Therefore, I have to take effective actions for the sake of my Cronion and my son.If you love Hera more than Zeus, please lend me that charming belt, and let me use the magic of the belt to make my husband change his mind, so that my exiled son can return to the heaven. "
Dionysus
After hearing Hera's words, the goddess obediently replied, "Enyalios' mother, the first bride after Zeus ascended the throne, since you and Zeus have ruled the gods, I will obey you absolutely! I will give you the belt you want and everything you want! This blushing and charming PaphianThe belt has extraordinary magic power. If you tie it on your waist, you can not onlyOkeanos(Oceanos) and Tethys respect and love each other, and can make the supreme Zeus change his mind, leave his secular lover, return to your side, and make your son Ares return to heaven! "
Hera borrowed the belt of Paphia and flew straight to the Cadmus Palace in Tebai.When she came to Semele's boudoir, jealousy made her heart beat faster. After trying to calm down her mood, she became an old nurse of Semele and walked into Semele's boudoir.
Semele's old nurse was a kind and lovely old woman who had been indebted to Semele's grandfather Agenor. Agenor treated her like his daughter.Before Semele, the old nurse had raised Cadmus and Europa.
When Hera entered Semele's boudoir, the bed Zeus had gone to immediately caught her eye. She felt the blood rising, turned her back and moved her eyes away.When Semele saw the kind old nurse, he immediately orderedTyr The maid Peisianassa asked her to sit down in a comfortable chair.
Hera sat down near Semele and began to carry out her plot.
She saw that the pregnant girl was not yet full term, and her rosy face was pale.So she pretended to be frightened, white hairedTakeWiping false tears on his shoulder, he sighed loudly: "Tell me, my queen, why is your face so pale? Who has taken away the ruddy luster from your lovely face? Where has your beauty gone? Why is your look so depressed? Have you heard people's rumors?The vicious tongue of those women will make your troubles come one after another, making you unable to survive!Don't lie to me. Tell me, who rudely untied your virgin's belt?Which shameless God defiled you and took away your virginity?If Ares marries my girl in private, and if he ignores Aphrodite's bed sharing with Semele, then let him take his spear as evidence of marriage;If Hermes had a happy union with you and forgot Peitho because of Semele's beauty, then let him take his messenger stick or flying shoes as the evidence of marriage, so that you can also wear the golden shoes like Queen Hera;If the handsome Apollo came down to be your husband, if he forgot because of Semeledaphne (Daphne), let him get off the solar car and pass throughThe vault of heavenCome to you and take his harp as the evidence of marriage, because Cadmus isHermoniaDuring the wedding ceremony, I heard Apollo playing beautiful music with his harp;If the woman, Seabluehair, abandons Melanipe and Amemone and forces you, let him use his trident as a gift for the bride, because when Tyro, the princess of Ellis, fell in love with Enipeus, Poseidon had deceived her by turning into Enipeus;If Zeus becomes your groom, let him come to your bed with a thunderbolt to celebrate your wedding happiness with thunder and lightning. In this way, people will say: 'Look, Semel and Hera have lightning!'Hera may be jealous, but she can't hurt you, because your grandfather Ares will never allow her to do so! "
At this point, Hera stopped talking and looked at Semele quietly,Then he continued to agitate: "If Zeus is your groom, then I think Europa is luckier than you, because the bull Zeus carried her on his back and ran on the sea without wet feet. Ah, the powerful god has become a love boat. What a miracle! A young woman has the feeling of being the master of Olympus!If Zeus is your groom, then I think Danae is also luckier than you, because Zeus poured gold rain into her arms from the roof, and the passion of love burst into the golden shower in an instantLuxury wedding！Blessed brides should have all of their husbands, even if they don't want golden gifts! "
After listening to the instigation of the fake nanny, the young Semele's heart rose and fell, his head bowed thoughtfully, and he was silent.When the wily Hera saw this, she was pleased to know that her words had played a role, so she pretended to be mysterious and said to Semele: "My queen, keep a low voice. Don't let these words reach your father Cadmus!" After saying that, she got up and said goodbye to Semele.After leaving Tebai, she flew straight back to Mount Olympus.
After returning to the heavenly court, Hera came to her husband's throne. Zeus was not there, but his thunderbolt stick was there.Hera walked up to the silent thunderbolt stick and asked sadly, "Dear thunderbolt stick, did Zeus, my cloud gatherer, snub you? Did anyone steal you again like the giant Difeng?Dear Thunderbolt Stick, send out an electric fire to appeal to the madwoman Zeus, to avenge the painful Hera, to wait on Semele with the fiery electric fire, and let this shameful demon be completely destroyed! "[2]
Death of Mother
Semele's Death I
Dionysus
After Hera left, Semele's heart had a strong desire. She longed for Zeus's thunderbolt lightning to become the evidence of their love, and she longed for being as noble as Hera.
When Zeus came to the tryst again, Semele begged him:“EuropaHorned husband - I dare not call you Semele's husband, because when I saw you, it was just like a dream!Promise me a marriage gift as glorious as Tongdanaeu.Perseus' mother is not the only woman who gets honor from you. If I can be carried by you to roam on the sea like Europa, and my brother Polydoros can go out to look for his kidnapped sister like Cadmus, then I will also feel the supreme glory, except for the golden rain in Danae and the bulls in Europa,What else can I expect?The gatherer of dark clouds, Zeus of flame, and the groom of Thunderbolt, you take Thunderbolt lightning to Hera's bed, and use the marriage fire to illuminate her wedding room and your bride. The supreme combination enables her to hold her noble head.However, for Semele, you always get on my bed in an ambiguous shadow, silently, without thunder and lightning. I can only hear a bull pretending to be a bull without faith.Hera's honor is my envy. Please give me the same honor as Hera. Dress up my room with your sacred thunderbolt lightning so as to show Agaue and Autonoe next door that they can eavesdrop on the thunder accompanying our sex and tremble for our undisclosed marriage symbol! "
After hearing Semele's words, Zeus knew that it was all the scheming Hera who was playing tricks.He cursed the Goddess of Envy, especially pitied Semele who was about to die.So he said to the poor girl, "My dear, it is the jealous Hera who is deceiving you! Do you really think my thunderbolt is gentle? Now that you are pregnant with a child and a pregnant woman, please do not ask me this inappropriate request.When I got the virginity of Danae, there was no thunder and lightning. When the bride Europa of Tyre joined me, there was no thunder and lightning celebration,ArgosMy little cow ③ has never seen the glory of my thunderbolt.Only you, a common woman, are asking me what Leto has never asked! "
Semele ignored Zeus's objection and insisted: "How pathetic I am, is it because I am a descendant of Ares and Aphrodite that I should not get the thunder and lightning of your marriage?So far, I have only seen a man like husband, but I have never seen the true face of Olympus Clooneon. I have never seen the flash in his eyes, the brilliance on his face, the heroic beard, or the husband as a god.My sisters and attendants slandered me behind my back. I was afraid of those gossiping tongues. I needed thunder and lightning as evidence to answer my father.Our ambiguous relationship has annoyed my father. People are laughing at his daughter for having a sneaky bed mate. He can only stay away from others and sigh in the dark corner alone!In the secular wedding procession, each bride is surrounded by a marriage torch. Therefore, please give me moving thunder and lightning, give me the light of the wedding, let me be happy, let me embraceadoreThe glory of our marriage! "
The short-lived bride hopes to have the same honor as Hera, and to see the gentle and calm thunderbolt flash at her wedding. She pleads with the king of the gods.As it was supposed to be, the god king was silent at last.
After returning to Olympus Mountain, Zeus called Hermes and told him to rescue his newborn son from the destructive electricity in time in the upcoming unfortunate event.Later, he reluctantly took the thunderbolt stick, crossed the sky, and flew to the city of Tebai again.
When Zeus, holding the thunderbolt stick, entered Semele's boudoir, the whole room was suddenly illuminated by dazzling lightning, and with the lightning and thunder, the flame spewed out lit the whole city of Tebai red.
At this time, Semele, who was engulfed by the flame, raised his head and said proudly and contentedly, "I don't need the secular zither harp or the secular pipe flute. This extraordinary rumbling thunder is the most beautiful wedding musicHis wife, Ino ③, is only the wife of Athamas, while I am the wife of Cronion, the king of the gods;EnoiccompetitorIt's just Nephele, and my competitor is the supreme queen Hera!I don't care for secular marriage torches. Look, the flashing thunder and lightning are my sacred marriage torches! "As she spoke, she bravely grasped the deadly thunderbolt stick in her hand and willingly suffered the devastating bombardment.In the celebration of revenge, death became her wedding, and the boudoir became herCrematorium。
The lightning flickered gently and became a midwife. The compassionate flame engulfed the young mother, and the immature baby was baptized by the flame.Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth, took the infant from Semele's belly and gave it to Hermes.Hermes handed over the unharmed baby to Zeus.
Zeus took the baby and silently stared at what was happening before his eyes until thunder and lightning finally turned Semele into ashes.[2]
Semele's Death II
Dionysus
After Semele became pregnant, the news soon reached Hera's ears. Hera was angry and hated.She wanted to go and scold Semele, but on second thoughts she held back and thought, "I always scold. What's the use of scolding? I should let her really taste my power. If I can be called the great Hera, if I'm still Zeus'queenMy sister and my wife are also worthy of this handle inlaid with precious stoneswand, then I must destroy her!Some people may think that she is just a secret love affair, which does not affect our husband and wife relationship, but she is pregnant and has a big belly, which is her criminal evidence.She wants to give birth to a son for Zeus and become a mother herself. Does she have this blessing?She thinks how beautiful she is. I want to let her know that's not the case.If I don't let her Zeus push her downYinhe RiverI am not Cronus' daughter! "
Thinking of this, she immediately stood up from the throne, attracted a group of golden clouds, and drove down the Olympus Mountain.When she came to Semele's door, she changed into a hunchback old woman with white sideburns, wrinkled skin, and staggering stepswet nurseBeroe is exactly the same.After entering the door, she greeted Semele and chatted with the princess in the garden.
Broe is an old nurse who brought Semele up with her. Since childhood, she has taken great care of Semele. Semele trusts her more than his mother.As for his relationship with Zeus, Semele only spoke to Broe.
After they talked for half a day, Hera, who was transformed into a Borneo, began to deliberately turn to Zeus.She sighed and said, "The man called himself Zeus, and I really hope he is not lying. But you can't believe his words. Many people will break into the boudoir of an innocent girl in the name of the gods. Since he said he was Zeus, please ask him to take out a token to show his sincerity.When Zeus was in the sky, his whole body was radiant, which made people feel that it was an infinite glory to be with him.You should ask him to show you the glory of the gods, or he will be a liar pretending to be the gods, and he will not be allowed to embrace you! "The insidious queen continued to incite the simple princess, and she was trapped by Hera without suspicion.
That day, Zeus came to Semele's boudoir again.Semele asked Zeus for something according to Hera's order, but he didn't say what he wanted.Zeus said generously, "Whatever you ask, I will never refuse.If youDon't believe me, I can rely on the solemnStyxThe waters of Styx swear that all gods fear it. "Semele was very happy when she heard this. She thought she was very clever and could make her lover agree to all her requirements, but she didn't know that she was in danger.
So she said to Zeus affectionately, "I want you to come to me in the original form of a god, glowing with light, as you always do when you woo Hera!" Zeus tried to seal her mouth, but her words had already been uttered and spread into the air.He sighed, because she could not take back her wish, nor could he take back his oath.
Zeus returned to the sky with great sorrow. He raised his head and summoned clouds, lightning, thunder and thunderbolt.He tried to weaken his power as much as possible. He didn't need to arm himself with the thunderbolt fire that could shoot down the giant Difeng, because it was too powerful.He picked up the weaker thunderbolt fire, which was forged by the iron making giant Cyclops with a less fierce fire. The gods called it a Class II weapon.Then he came to Semele's boudoir.It is not hard to imagine that a mortal can withstand the impact of the power of the gods, and this gift of joy turned her into ashes.The fetus in her abdomen was not yet formed, but was taken out.[2]
to raise
After Semele was burned to death, Zeus took the infant from Hermes and sewed him into his ownMachismoFull thigh.
When the baby grew up in his father's thigh, Zeus cut the thread and took the baby out.
Dionysus
The newborn baby has a pair of moon like corners on his head, and the goddess of timing, who foreshadows the future, has dressed him with ivyGarlandAnd made of snakesSnakehead。Because Zeus could not walk when he was pregnant with Dionysos, the child was named Dionysos ① or Zeuslimp ② after birth.
In IcaRoss Island(Icarus) Near the Dracanon Hill, Hermes took the little Dionysus from Zeus, held him in his arms, crossed the sky to Boeotia, and gave the child to Lamides, the daughters of the river god Lamos.
Ramides held the lovely child in their arms, nurtured him with milk in turn, and played with him on their backs.Little Dionysus often gazed at his father's starry sky. When he was happy, he kicked the sky with his feet and giggled.
Hera watched the baby from afar, his heart burning with jealousy.She came to the Ramos River, mercilessly whipped Ramides with a whip, and vented her anger on them.
Ramides went crazy after being beaten. They beat servants in the house, cut the travelers to death and cut them into pieces on the road, and did many terrible things.They are absent-minded and crazy, running and jumping around, sometimes crying and sometimes laughing, their twisted faces rolling with horrible eyes, and the white foam from their mouthLapelDye white.When they were about to cut little Dionysus into pieces with knives, Hermes suddenly flew in and quickly snatched the child from their hands.
Hermes carried little Dionysus to Semele's sister Ino's house.Ino, the wife of Athamas, had just given birth to her son Melicettes recently. At this time, she was lovingly feeding the baby in her armsMilkMake her breast swell like a ball about to burst.
Hermes took little Dionysus in his arms and walked forward, coaxing Eno with good words, persuading her to accept her sister's son. His words implied the will of God.He said, "Madam, please accept the newborn son of your sister Semele. The child was not burned in his mother's belly, and the thunder and lightning did not hurt him. Please let your hall cover him, and don't let the sun and the moon shine on him in the day and at night, and don't let the jealous Hera find him and hurt him. As for your hard work, Kroneon will give you the reward you deserve.Among the daughters of Cadmus, you are the luckiest: Semele was burned to death by electric fire;Autonoe will die on the ground with her son, and Mount Katayjung will build a tomb for them;Agua will tear up his son Penthos and become a murderer.You are the only daughter of Cadmus who deserves pride. Kataijon will not be able to accommodate you. You will have a vast sea and move into Poseidon's Water Palace, just likeTethys(Thetis) Like living in the sea, like Galatia, your name will be Lucotea（Leucothea）, becoming one of the Nereids.Your father will be called the father of the sea god, not Cadmus.Poseidon, the sea king, will drive a four wheeled chariot to pick up your son Melicetus, who will become the immortal sea godPalaemon (Palaimon), you will live together forever! "Ino listened to Hermes and accepted the motherless baby.Then Hermes flapped his Yanfeng shoes into the air and went straight back to Olympus.
Ino kindly held little Dionysus in her arms, and at the same time, she nurtured Dionysus and her son with her breasts.When the two children suck enough milk, Melicelles will always climb up to Little Dionysus excitedly and shout "Ou Hou" to him!
Ino gives little Dionysus to the maid Mystis.Mistress is a hairdresser in Sidon. When she was a little girl, she was assigned by Cadmus to wait on Eno.Mistys avoided people's eyes and hid Little Dionysus in a hidden room.At this time, the child's face lit up the dark room, showing his divine blood.
Mystius watches over it day and nightBacchus。This clever maid formulated the etiquette for the Bacchus to watch the night and the procedure for performing this secret ritual at night, which taught little Dionysus the mysterious art.For the first time, she tied her smooth hair with curved ivy, put on a grape vine crown, and used copperBraCover the exposed upper body with small size for the first timeDeerskinIt is tied around the waist. For the first time, it is tightly wrapped around the body with a belt made of snakes. It is the first time to sound cheerful, active and deafeningcymbal, lit the torch for the first time and shouted "Ou Hou" to the sleepless Dionysus... She coiled the purple ivy into a Dionysian staff, and put a pinecone ball on the top of the staff to cover the tender leavesAbrasionsLittle Dionysus.She also taught little Dionysus to playReligious worshipHe used this box as his toy.
However, Hera, who saw everything, finally found the hidden little Dionysus.Pointing to the river of Hell, she vowed to flood the house with a merciless flood and destroy the detestable son of Zeus.
Hermes saw Hera storming out of Olympus and knew that she was going to persecute Semele's son, so he immediately became a primitive godPhanes (Phanes), quickly flew into Ino's room and took out Little Dionysus first.
As soon as he left the house, Hermes met Hera Narrow Road.
Hera has always respected the ancient gods, but he was deceived by the image of Farness disguised by Hermes for a while, and did not find the little Dionysus hidden in his arms.As she bowed to Farness, Hermes had already risen into the sky and disappeared without a trace.
Hermes regained his original shape in the strong wind, flew over the mountains with the horned child in his arms, and came to Rhea's residence in the dense forest of Buddhism.
He stood on tiptoe and walked reverently to the great goddess and said, "Great goddess, please accept this newborn son of Zeus! Because it is really unsafe to let Eno, a woman, raise the son of Zeus. It is the most appropriate for only her grandmother to raise her grandson! It is fated that the child will travel to India in the future and enter the starry sky after completing her mortal achievements!”After saying that, he handed little Dionysus into Rhea's hands, and then quickly rose to the sky and flew straight back to Olympus.
After taking over the child with a curved head, the big fairy mother was full of joy. She held the lovely child in her arms and stroked it lovingly, so happy that her mouth could not be closed for a moment.
In the courtyard welcoming the gods, the priests of Kubele, Corybantes, often danced crazily around little Dionysus. They hit the sword and shield in their hands, constantly changing the rhythm, and masking little Dionysus with noise.Little Dionysus grew up healthily beside his loving grandmother and amid the noise of Kolibantes hitting the shield.
At the age of nine, little Dionysus ran likeStag, fast enough to catch up with the galloping Yebun.He can kill a panther with his bare hands and easily carry it on his shoulder.He often draggedlionThe two hind legs, pull it in front of her grandmother, for her grandmother set up a ride.He often put a female bear onHalter, put her finger into its terrible mouth, and the female bear was always meekly willing to be his slave, licking and kissing his tender fingers with her rough tongue.His bravery has won praise from his grandmother.
Zeus in the sky has been watching the growth of his beloved son. He is always interested in watching his son fight with a fierce lion or a wild bear, and his heart is full of joy.
Pans in the rocks often came to Dionysus and surrounded him, jumping wildly with unkempt hairGoat hoof, yelling "Ou Hou"!
In his youth, Dionysus used animal skin as his tunic, and put a stag skin on his shoulder, which symbolized the stars.He often stood on the chariot of the Great Goddess, holding it in his tender handsreins, driving a lion cart, and galloping on the plains of Fulugaya.
As he grew older, he often asked his grandmother to go to the place where his father lived.[2]
Related myths
Bacchus's lover and descendants
Dionysus
The goddess of Dionysus orNymph Lovers include Aphrodite, AuraPalois, Clonois, Nichia and Anonymous Ningfu, five female lovers including Althaia, Ariadne, Erigone, Pallene, and Physkoa, and same-sex lovers including Ampelos, PolymnosSchmenaeusWait three.
Among them, Fiskoa's mother and son are only mentioned occasionally in the Greek Annals of Passanias, and they are not mentioned in other ancient books, so there are not many detailed fairy tales.The Greek Chronicles (5.16.7) said: "... It is said that Fiskoa, who lives in Orthia, came to the Olympian Plain from the valley of Eris, and she married Dionysus, and gave birth to Narkaios.When Nalcaeus became an adult, he launched a war against his neighbors, thus becoming a powerful country. Later, he built a temple of Athena in Nalcaea.It is said that in Eris, Nalcaeus and Fiskoa were the first to worship Dionysus. "
Bacchus and Erigone
In Pandion（Pandion）During the reign of the King of Athens, Demeter and Dionysus came to Attica.Celeus of the city of Ulysses received Demeter, and Icarius received Dionysus.
On the third day of the Spring Festival (the 11th to 13th day of the month of Anselstroon), a grand "Aiora" ceremony was held, in which young girls were tied up (later replaced by small idols), hung on trees, moved by the wind, and offered fruits to atone for the dead of Icarius's father and daughter.
Bacchus and Altaia and their descendants
Althaea, Dionysus' lover, was the daughter of Thestius and the wife of Oeneus, the king of Calydon,Deianila(Deianira) andMolar Agr(Meleager).
When Dionysus led his followers and believers to Kaludon, he was warmly received by King Onus.However, as God intended, the amorous Queen Altaia fell in love with this new foreign god and soon became unable to extricate herself.
This matter soon spread... Altaia also hanged himself to death. ①
When Aphrodite was pregnant in full term, the fast footed Hermes took a stone slab to predict the future, andGoddess of Justicethemis (Themis) They arrived here together. With their help, ① Aphrodite gave birth to the famous Berlioe in Greek history.
Aetai, the four sided wind god, spread the information of the birth of Berlioe to every corner of the world;Okeanos, the ocean god, became the legal messenger of the baby and served her with waist deep floodPuerperium；Aion stands for her in the waves of lawBaptize, and wrapped her in Dike's long robe, and put her on the ancient legal balance, foreshadowing her future;The Goddess of Timing played a joyful music for her.The animals were ecstatic about her birth, but the wild boar was angry -- Aphrodite, as a prophet, knew very well that Ares, the jealous god of war, would become a wild boarTuskBite the baby's father to death!
The birth of Berlioe added a smile to Aphrodite's smiling face.
Astria, the goddess of justice
Aphrodite consults with Hermonia
Aphrodite was very distressed because Zeus coveted Paloe, so she went to her daughter, Harmonia, to pour out her troubles.
Hermonia lives in a house built by himself. The house is shaped like a round universe, with airtight entrances on all sides. It is guarded by four maids: Antolia, a girl, monitors the east wind, Euros;Dysis monitors Zephyros;Mesembrias monitors the south wind Notos, and Arctos monitors the north wind of thick clouds and hail at the north gateBoreas（Boreas）。
The Three Goddesses of BeautyGuide Aphrodite.After arriving at the orange east gate of the Halmoneya family, Astynomeia saw her and hurriedly went in to tell the hostess.
……
The provocation of Eros
Eros obeyed his mother's command. He took up the shining love bow, hung the passionate quiver on his shoulder, and flapped his wings into the clouds, like a meteor with a shining tail, which quickly passed through the sky. With a roar, he landed atAssyria Next to a rock.
As the obscure oracle indicates, at this time, Poseidon, the sea king, andDionysus, god of wineCoincidentally, one came from the anchorage of the adjacent sea, and the other came from Tyre Island, for the sake of the young girl BailueLebanonThis place among the mountains.
Eros quickly came to Berloe, who was walking in the mountains, and bent his bow to shoot the arrows of love into the hearts of Bacchus and Sea King.In order to make Dionysus deeply immersed in passion, Eros drove an arrow through his heart.At once, the fire of love in Dionysus's heart was burning brightly.Eros then turned into a bird, flew into the wind and said loudly, "If wine can make Dionysus unable to control himself, then my arrow of love will make him more excited!"
At this time, Eros loved the arrow
... Watch the duel between King Hai and Dionysus.
Duel between Bacchus and Poseidon
The duel between King Satyr ① and Sea King is about to begin.
At this time, Berlue stood silently on the high ground, watching the scene of sword tension in front of him in fear.She doesn't want to have an outland marriage and accept suitors from the sea
.
Corybantes, a cave man in Samothracian, also joined the battle with the fanatical melody of shield bumping dance.
Old Silenus fought with the young Palaimon in the spirit of wine, and drove out the crazy Ino with the rod of Bacchus.Some of the sons of Silenus, Seilenoi, rode on the back of bulls and played short war tunes on the double flute;Some carried the wine jug of Cilician, and walked drunkenly with the dance steps of Bacchus, waving the rod of Bacchus;Some rode the lion of Migdonian, holding the reins in their hands;Some of them directly pulled the lion's untidy mane to fight with opponents from the sea.
Long horns on the head, dragging behindgrow a tailSaltil is rushing around in the dance, and the mountain pan and his arms are covered with sea water foamNereusThe war elephants, who were inextricably killed and towering into the clouds, landed heavily on the ground and attacked those around with their long trunksSealsGroup
Between the water and the sky, the clouds of war billowed, and the battle between the god of wine and the god of the sea intensified
Judgment of Zeus
The frightened Psamathe watched the turbulent sea battle and kept praying from the bottom of his heart: "Oh, Lord Zeus! If you have mercy..."
Poseidon's Wedding
After winning the victory, Haiwang held a grand wedding ceremony.
ArrisNorth IslandHe Huaistos, the craftsman ofblast, lit the eternal fire, and made precious decorations such as necklaces, earrings and armrings for the bride.As the housekeeper of the bride, Nereus prepared Jane for her new house in the deep sea
... comforted him and said, "Dionysus, why don't you obey the fate? Berlue is not the bride prepared for you, because she is very suitable for the marriage of the sea. I have prepared a suitable bride for your new house. She is your relative, Ariadne, the daughter of Minos! Leave AmymoneThe sea of Lebanon, the mountains of Lebanon and the water of Adonis are lovelyGirlsThere is also a lovely Titan girl Ola waiting for you.In addition, Pallene of Telacae is waving a spear and waiting for you. When you win the delightful competition of Aphrodite, I will put on the marriage crown for you in the bride's boudoir. "
With that, Eros flapped his wings and flew into the air, disappearing at the end of the sky.
Origin of Sacrifice
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Dionysus
Dionysus is the god of wine, plant, reproduction and joy, and his temples are everywhereancient Greek, the sacrifice of Bacchus andGenital worshipHas also had a wide and far-reaching impact[2]。
There are different opinions about Dionysus and the origin of his sacrifice.[2]
Herodotus① (Herodotus) believed that Dionysus and his sacrifices were first introduced into Greece from Egypt.He is《history》(Histories, 2.145),HeraclesHeracles, Dionysus andPan(Pan) is considered the youngest among the gods.But in Egypt, Pan is the oldest among the gods, and belongs to one of the original 'eight gods' among the gods they said. Heracles is one of the so-called' twelve gods' of the second generation, while Dionysus is considered to belong to the third generation of gods derived from the 'twelve gods'.According to the Egyptians, from the birth of Heracles toAmasis② I have already said how many years have passed since the rule of Amasis.It is still a long time since Pan came to this era;Even Dionysus, the youngest of the three gods, had been in power from him to Amasis for 15000 years, according to the Egyptians' estimation... But from now on to the daughter of Cadmussemele The famous Dionysus was born only 1600 years ago... "[2]
He also said in History (2.49): "Melampos is the name of Dionysus, his worship ceremony andmale genital organA person introduced to the Greeks in a procession.However, he did not fully understand all the dogmas, so he could not introduce all the dogmas in their original form.However, since his time, many wise people have supplemented his teachings more perfectly.To be sure, the parade with male genitals was introduced into Greece by Melanpos.The Greeks also learned from him the ritual of worshipping Dionysus, and they still do so.Therefore, I insist that Melambos, as a wise man who knows divination, was proficient in Dionysus' worship ceremony through the knowledge he gained in Egypt. He changed it slightly and introduced it to Greece. At the same time, he must also have introduced various customs.In any case, I can't agree with the statement that the Greek Dionysus memorial ceremony is so similar to that of Egypt, which is just a coincidence - if so, the Greek memorial ceremony must have more Greek characteristics, and it will not be originated recently.I don't agree with the statement that Egyptians, or anyone else, learned these customs from the Greeks.My point is that Melanpos is fromTyrePeople Cadmus and people from CadmusPhoenicia(Phoenicia) Those people who brought them to the place now called Peocha learned about Dionysus' memorial ceremony. "
He said again in History (2.52): "Once upon a time, the PelasgiansWhen making sacrifices, they have to pray to the gods, but they have not specifically called the name of any god, or have not yet named these gods... The reason why they worship these gods is that they have arranged and arranged everything in such a wonderful order.However, after a long period of time, the names of the gods spread from Egypt to Greece, and the Pilaski learned them, but they did not know Dionysus at that time.It took a long time to learn the name of Dionysus. "
For Dionysus, every Egyptian was in this god'sMemorial DayOn the eve of, they sacrificed a pig at their own doorstep, and then returned it to the pig keeper and took it away.In other aspects, the celebration of Dionysus' festival is almost the same as that of the Greek Dionysus, except that the Egyptians did not dance with a chorus.They also invented something to replace the male genitalia, which is a human figure about a wrist high. This figure can move under the traction of a small rope, and women take it to various villages to parade.The male genitals of these figures are about the same size as the whole figure, and they can also move under the index of the string.OnePiperAs they walked in front, the women followed behind, singing hymns in memory of Dionysus.[2]
Herodotus believed that almost all the names of Greek gods were introduced from Egypt (History 2.50).The Greeks said Dionysus, that is, the Egyptians saidOsirisOsiris.According to the Egyptians, Apollo and Artemis were Dionysus andDemeterChildren, andLeto(Leto) is their nanny and protector.The Egyptians called Apollo inEgyptianThe middle is Horus, Leto is Buto, and Demeter isIsis(Isis), Artemis is Bubastis.
However, some modern scholars believe that the name Dionysus appeared in Crete, Greece, about the 14th century BC. The custom of offering sacrifices to Bacchus was introduced into Greece from Egypt about the 13th century BC. The worship of Bacchus began to be popular in Greece about the 8th century BC.At first, the center of Bacchus worship was on Naxos Island. Later, the Katayrong Mountain in Boiotia became a place for Bacchus carnival and worship, and soon spread all over Greece from south to north.Second century ADRoman timesGreecegeographerPausania recorded many Greek places in the Description of GreeceAegean Islands as well asAsia MinorIsostericsacrificeThe revelry of Bacchus.
Dionysus
It was during this period that the worship of Dionysus began to exclude the worship of local gods and heroes as a symbol ofnatural forceOfDionysus, god of wineAnd symbolizeGentile aristocracyHeliosApolloStart in a position of opposition.
In the myth, Dionysus fought resolutely to be based in Olympus and establish his own worship everywhere.There are several myths about Dionysus, which seem to be in preparation for his arrival:ZeusAndPersephoneThe son of Zagreus, connected with the mysterious sacrifice of UlyssesIacos(Iacchus) are the ancient incarnations of Dionysus.
Bacchus Day① (Dionysia), also known as Bacchanalia, is GreeceRoman religionThe festival of Dionysus (Bacchus), the god of toasting, is also a festival to celebrate the god of fertility.The Dionysus Festival is held in both the city and the countryside of Attica. It is called a big festival in the city and a small festival in the countryside.
At first, only women participated in the procession to worship Dionysus.The early followers of Dionysus wereThe Three Goddesses of Beauty(Graces). Later, his followers changed to Bacchus MadnessMenades(Maenades) andFaun Pan, Silenus, Satyr, etc.The women who participate in the Bacchus sacrificial procession usually wear ivy crowns, wear small deerskin, hold a Bacchus stick wrapped with ivy and topped with pinecone balls, and knocktambourineandbig cymbals, dressed up as a drunken madwoman.
The Bacchus sacrificial procession is carnival in nature.The mad women of Bacchus put aside their family and work, wandering in groups in the mountains and forests, waving Bacchus sticks and torches, dancing crazily, shouting "Bacchus, Euoe".This crazy state has reachedAt high tideThey destroy everything they encounter.If they encounter wild animals, even children, they will immediately tear them into pieces and swallow them alive. They think this kind of raw meat is a kind ofHoly CommunionAfter eating this raw meat, you can become one with God.Later, although the carnival held by the government on the Parnassus Mountain became milder, there was still the phenomenon of eating raw meat in the sacrificial activities.[2]
Other related
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folk custom
The worship ceremony of Dionysus clearly shows thatMatrilineal societyThe recollection and nostalgia.According to textual research, the people who took part in the Dionysus parade were basically women.At a specific time, they are dressed in animal skins and corollas, noisy and crazy, totally immersed in a kind of emotional physical intoxication."The Greeks honored them with wild revelryWineThe god Dionysus.During this period, female worshippers danced and screamed all night long. "In the climax of this activity, not only will there be carnivalAlcoholism, naked parades and other carnival activities, as well as cruel acts such as eating deer and cattle alive.
Dionysus was also called Bacchus in Rome, the god of plants,GrapeThe patron saint of planting and wine making.At first, it was not the main god of Olympus.
literature
according toAristotleAccording to the records in Poetics, tragedy originated from the celebration of Dionysus.Every spring, when the vines grow new leaves or the grapes mature in autumn, the Greeks hold a grand ceremony to worship Dionysus, the god of wine.At the same time, tragedy also originated from the memorial ceremony for Dionysus.
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Dionysus, Sweden
The group name comes from ancient timesMYTHOSDionysus is the name of Dionysus, which strongly shows the endless energy and the carnival mood after the party drinking, and presents it in the music of the band. The lead singer Olaf Hayer（Luca Turilli）, frontSinergyDrummer Ronny Milianowicz, National guitarist Johnny Ohlin andBassistComposed of Nobby Noberg and keyboard player Kaspar Dahlqvist, Dionysus is hard not to be regarded as another surrounding band, but Dionysus has smashed the rumors of surrounding bands with a strong lineup and goals!After more than three years of careful and rigorous work, the orchestra's works were collected. After signing with AFM Records, theGermanyHeavy metal golden childEdguySoul characterTobias SammetPowerful endorsement and knife making.
