synonymFluoroplatinic acid oxygen(fluoroplatinic acid oxygen) generally refers to hexafluoroplatinic acid oxygen
Hexafluoro platinum oxideIt is the first positive salt of oxygen made by human beings.The significance of its discovery is to drawrare gas compoundThe occurrence of.Now it has become an importantIndustrial raw materialsuse.
Since the end of the 19th century,Noble gas elementThe conclusion that thermodynamically stable compounds cannot be generated has artificially defined a forbidden zone for scientists, which makes most chemists unwilling to dabble in this barren land that is considered desolate and barren, and the research on chemical properties of rare gases has been ignored.However, there are still a few chemists trying to synthesizerare gas compound。In 1932, A.R. Antropoff of the former Soviet Union reported that he made krypton andchlorine、bromineThe dark red substance, which is more volatile than chlorine, is prepared by reaction and is considered to be the halide of krypton.But when someone repeated the experiment with his method, it was unsuccessful.Aintopov denied his report and believed that the so-called halide of krypton was actuallyNitrogen oxideandHydrogen halide, not kryptonianhalide。In 1933, the famous American chemist L. Pauling predicted that xenon hexafluoride (XeF6), krypton hexafluoride (KrF6)Xenonic acidAnd its salts.Inspired by Aintopov's first report and Pauling's prediction, D.M. Younst usedultraviolet raysAttempts to synthesize xenon fluoride and xenon chloride by irradiation and discharge were unsuccessful.In the experiment of xenon fluoride synthesis by discharge method, he mixed fluorine and xenon in a certain proportion, applied 30000 V voltage between copper electrodes to conduct spark discharge, but failed to detect the formation of xenon fluoride.Youngster, because of his lingering fear of traditional concepts, did not insist on continuing the experiment, which made a promising method give up halfway.A series of failures resulted in few people setting foot in this field in the next 30 years.Regrettably, in 1961, Pauling also denied his original prediction, thinking that "xenon is completely chemically nonreactive, and it can not generate compounds that usually contain covalent bonds or ionic bonds".
Chemical equation
The development of history is quite dramatic. The second year after Pauling denied his predictionrare gas compound——Xenon hexafluoroplatinum(XePtF6) appeared miraculously and shocked the whole chemical world with its unique experience and demeanor, marking the establishment of noble gas chemistry and opening up a new field of noble gas chemistry research.
N. Bartlett, a young British chemist working in Canada, has been engaged in the research of inorganic fluorine chemistry.Since 1960, several new platinum group metal fluorides have been reported in the literature. They are all strong oxidants, and platinum hexafluoride (PtF6), the fluoride of high valence platinum, is even more oxidizing than fluorine.Bartlett first mixed PtF6 with equimolar oxygen at room temperature to obtain a dark red solidX-ray diffraction analysisAnd other experiments confirm that the chemical formula of this compound is O2PtF6, and its reaction equation is:
O2+PtF6→O2PtF6
This is the first time that human beings have made O positive salt, which proves that PtF6 is a strong oxidant capable of oxidizing oxygen molecules.Bartlett is smart and good at association, analogy and reasoning.He considered that the first ionization energy of O2 is 1175.7 kJ/mol and that of xenon is 1175.5 kJ/mol, which is slightly lower than the first ionization energy of oxygen molecule. Since O2 can be oxidized by PtF6, xenon should also be oxidized by PtF6.He also calculated the lattice energy. If XePtF6 is generated, its lattice energy is only 41.84 kJ/mol smaller than O2PtF6.This indicates that XePtF6 should be stable once generated.So Bartlett, according to the above deduction, imitated the method of synthesizing O2PtF6, mixed the vapor of PtF6 with equimolar xenon, and got an orange solid XePtF6 easily at room temperature:
Xe+PtF6→XePtF6
The compound is stable at room temperature and its vapor pressure is very low.It is insoluble in non-polar solventscarbon tetrachloride, which indicates that it may be an ionic compound.It can sublimate when heated in vacuum, hydrolyze rapidly when meeting water, and escape gas:
2XePtF6+6H2O→2Xe↑+O2↑+2PtO2+12HF
In this way, the first "inert" gas compound containing chemical bonds with historical significance was born, which well proved Bartlett's correct assumption.In June 1962, Bartlett published an important short article in the British journal Proceedings of the Chemical Society, officially announcing his experimental report to the chemical community, which shocked the entire chemical community.For 70 yearsNoble gasThe traditional view of complete inertia in chemistry was first overturned in practice.Chemists began to change their original ideas, removed the false "inert" hat on the head of noble gases, removed the artificial barriers, and soon formed an upsurge in the synthesis and research of new noble gas compounds, opening up a new world of noble gas chemistry.
Molecular structural properties
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625.1kjmol-1
The oxygen ion has a bond level of 2.5two[AsFsix]The bond length before oxygen ion is 112.3 pm.The bond energy is 625.1 kJ mol-1, and the stretching frequency is 1858 cm. These two values are closely related to the molecular structure.
