Farmers can use straw gas from the following two aspects: first, relying onStraw gasification projectCentralized gas supply.Second, biomass can be used for self production.
Straw gasification projects are generally built by the state, collective and individual investment. The gasification project of a village (a village where farmers live in a concentrated concentration) needs about 500000 to 800000 yuan. There are about 200 village level straw gasification projects in China.
(The figure and time of the first generation gasifier) The first generation gasifier, which was originally used by several energy companies in Beijing for technology transfer, had a transfer fee of 9800-2200 yuan. Although none of the receiver products went to the market, it promoted the scientific research process of the gasifier.The furnace is based on thermochemical oxidation reaction and high temperature crackingTransformation principleIt is designed as a top suction gasifier.The structure is complex, and there are many irregular parts. It is quite difficult to makeelectric welderEach set costs more than 300 yuan.
Where are the main defects of the first generation products
This product is demonstrative and not practical.Fuel must be available to use the furnaceDrynessAnd particle size. If it is wood chips, the leftover material of the wood turning factory, and it is relatively dry, it can be used basically, but the time is not long, generally 30-60 minutes, improper operation, and it is very easy to burn and break.If it is converted to sawmill sawdust, it will not work.Therefore, when transferring technology, the transferor will use various excusesdivert sb.'s attention, will not let you personally operate and test the burning time.This is why the product is demonstrative and not practical, and why the product has not gone to the market.
The main reason for the unavailability of the gasifier is that the key technology of gas making has not been solved, while the key technology of the gasifier lies in scientific oxygen supply and pressure stabilizationScientific structureIt is directly related to the relationship between reasonable oxygen supply and pressure stabilization;In addition, the complex structure is redundant, which increases the difficulty and cost of production receiving personnel.
This structure solves the key technology part. It still has two fatal factors. First, it is not suitable for mechanized batch production. Second, it is not easy to repair. Once the air passage is blocked or the furnace liner is damaged, it cannot be repaired without oxygen cutting equipment and professional workers.
Production technology of the second generation gasifier
In fact, the production technology of the second generation gasifier only removes complex structural parts (so called the second generation) from the original generation of products, without really solving the problem of sciencesupply oxygenIt is closely related to voltage stabilization, so the use effect of the product is almost the same.(For example, the ash after combustion in the furnace is almost carbon).This manufacturing technology, except for a small number of trial samples made of iron plates, is mostly promoted by the old oil drum method.The cost is more than 300 yuan (including more than 100 yuanMaterial cost）。 Even if the furnace can meet the use standard, it willnot suited toMarket needs, because there is nocommodity valueBesides, the technical transformation has not been innovated and the use effect has not changed.
Production technology of the third generation gasifier
The third generation gasifier is based on thermochemical oxidation reaction and high temperaturePyrolysis reactionIt is designed according to the principle and has dual functions.That is to say, crushing materials and granular materials can be used to produce high-quality gas through high-temperature cracking（Blaze Blue）Use small pieces of pure firewood (about 10cm long) to produce high-quality gas (purple flame) through thermochemical oxidation reaction.
The third generation gasifier has features completely different from those of the original generation
① Product structure: assembly type, mass mechanized production, high product precision.
② Use effect: every 5kg of fuel can be used for 90-180 minutes without gas interruption.
③ Dual functions: using crushed materials, granular materials and gasification fuels, it can produce high-energy gas by high-temperature cracking (the flame is blue).Use pure firewood and straw (cut into about 10cm) to produce fuel gas (purple flame) after thermochemical oxidation.
④ Bonding material: the welding rate of the furnace body connection decreases by 100%, the whole furnace body is free of welding, and the chemical raw material formula is used. After bonding, there is no cracking, aging, falling off, and easy removal at high temperature.
⑤ The product is light: each furnace weighs about 46 kg, is 80 cm high and 43 cm in diameter.
⑥ Service life: more than 10 years.
Innovation advantages
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Furnace structure
Product assembly type（Assembly partsIt is cast or stamped with iron plateOne time forming）The product joints are bonded with special bonding materials.Advantages:
a、Mechanized batch production can be implemented to improveproduction efficiencyAnd product grade.
b、It is beneficial to remove flue dust and tar, and is convenient for users to maintain and repair themselves.
key technology
The main function of the gasifier is to produce gas. If the gas cannot meet the operating requirements, the technology is not up to standard, that is to saykey technology No breakthrough. The gas production of the original product is not long and stable, mainly because the fuel can not be fully oxidized, CO2 can not be reduced well and smoke occurs, combustion time is short and intermittent combustion occurs.
The third generation gasifier hasThermochemistryOxidation reaction,PyrolysisIt has dual functions of conversion. Both coarse materials and crushed materials can use pure firewood to make gas. Each feeding of 1.5~2 kg can last for 90~180 minutes.
Sealing cover
The sealing cover is very easy to leak smoke and gas. When gas leaks, tar flows to the surface of the furnace with the gas, causingSecondary pollution。For the third generation gasifier, only 1 second is needed to seal the cover, which can achieve absolute sealing in long-term use.
Identification and selection
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Assembly type identification
There were users in the previous periodReflection theoryOur products are not assembled, and some of them reflect air leakage at the joints.In order to facilitate user identification, the following points are proposed for reference: ① speculate on the use effect, whether continuous use can reach 90-180 minutes.
③ ConnectionBondingWhether the material has cracks and air leakage.
④ Other parts can be inspected according to the characteristics of the third generation gas producer.
How to confirm the authenticity and practicability of gasifier products (advertisements)
identification Authenticity
In the era of economic information,Advertising informationBelieve not, but not all.This isLook at youHow to distinguish between the true and false information.We have received many letters and calls from customers who say that there are many advertisements for gas furnaces, and we do not know which one is true. In this regard, we would like toConsultantThe following methods for identifying false truth are provided for reference:
① The purpose of purchasing a gas making furnace is to manufacture and use gas. If the furnace can meet your requirements for using gas, then the gas making furnace is practical.The detection method is very simple, that is, you go to the feeding operation in person, and use it according to its dataPublicity effectTo test (for example, the third generation gasifier can be used for 90-180 minutes continuously), and it can be confirmed only when the introduced time is reached.
② If the manufacturer refuses to test or changes the topic with some excuse, the product is defective.
③ There are many advertisements saying that "if there is any false technology", "technical distortion", "inconsistent with the propaganda terms" and other promises to compensate for losses. Take the gas furnace advertisement as an example, analyze these promises: "if there is any false technology distortion", are there any false technologies and products of the first and second generation gas furnaces, as well as the demonstration effect? Surely not. When you feel cheated after taking delivery,You think advertisements are fake, but they are not.Because, his commitment, no commitmentSubstantiveThe problem is "practicality, operability".Every 5kg of fuel gas can be used continuously for 90-180 minutes. If the person who came here personally operated, the publicity effect could not be achieved, and the person who came here was responsible for the round-trip travel expenses or claimed 10000 yuan of loss ". If the product really failed to achieve this effect, it can be said that no one made such a commitment.
Technical Principles
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Vaporizer
Plant biomass (including wood, firewood, weeds,Pine needleleaf, crop straw, cattle, sheep and livestock manure, edible fungus residue)carbonelementmass fraction About 40%, followed by hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other elements.The organic component of plant straw is cellulose,hemicelluloseMainly, the mass fraction is 50%.These biomass raw materials are heated under anoxic conditions to generate complex heatchemical reactionOfEnergy conversionProcess.This process is essentially the atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other elements in the plant matterChemical bondThe principle of bonding, into carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen and other combustible gas molecules.In this way, most of the energy in plant biomass will be transferred to these gases.
Working principle of straw gas production
The gasifier has the functions of biomass raw material gasification, gas purification and automatic separation.When the fuel is put into the furnace for combustion, a large amount ofCOandH2The gas is automatically led into the separation system for executionTar removalThe purification process of removing smoke and dust and dehydrating steam can produce high-quality gas, which is transmitted to the gas stove through the pipeline for ignition (or electronic ignition).
What are the classification of gasifiers
Straw gasifier, also called biomass gasifier, gasifier, gasGeneratorWait atGasifierAmong them, there are direct fired (semi gasified) gasifiers and gas conducting (gas making) gasifiers.Among them, the gas conducting gasifier is divided into upper suction gasifier, lower suction gasifier and fluidized bed gasifier.Direct fired and gas conducting gasifiersAdvertising wordsMany readers are easily misled.Direct fired gasifier is suitable for secondary air intake to produce secondary gasification combustion, while gas conducting gasifier uses thermochemical reaction principle to produce combustibleGas combustion。
What equipment is needed for household gas production
Gas making furnace is generally used for domestic gas making. There are two types of gas making furnace: upward suction type and downward suction type, as well as home-made ones
Small workshopManual productionWhat equipment is needed for the gasifier
Only one 8-10 kilowatt single-phase gasifier is required for manual productionElectric welding machineCutting machine, hand grinding wheel (i.eabrader），Electric hand drillOne for each. The biggest defect of the hand-made gasifier is that it is not easy to maintain.Secondly, the product is rough and has a short service life.
What equipment is used in the production of gas making furnace
Only one handle is required for assembly of gas making furnace accessoriesElectric drillAnd hand grinding wheel.If the product is not painted manually before leaving the factory, it needs a jet.
Straw material in biology can be chopped manuallyCutter, branches and wood blocks (sticks) are requiredWood slicer。Special purpose in production before eatingMicrotomeIt is ideal.
How will a large number of crop straws be treated after the autumn harvest?A small straw gasifier with simple structure suitable for processing and manufacturing by ordinary farmers will solve this problem for farmers.It converts corn straw, corncob, wheat straw, peanut shell, sawdust, rice husk, etc. into combustible gas, which can be used by farmers to boil water and cook.
Straw is a way for crops to pass throughphotosynthesisThe generated biomassElement compositionMainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, etc.The principle of straw gasification is that biomass straw, as a fuel, is incompletely burned under the condition of oxygen deficiency, so that it can be converted into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and other combustible gases.The gasification process includes three stages, namely drying and retorting, oxidation and reduction.
1. Raw materials: corn straw, jade core, firewoodwood processing Waste, etc.raw materialwater contentIt is required to be less than 20%.
2．Gas production rateEach kilogram of straw can produce 2 cubic meters of gas.
3. Fuel gas composition: carbon monoxide 11% - 20%, hydrogen 10% - 16%, methane 0.5% - 5%, carbon dioxide 10% - 14%, oxygen less than 1%,hydrogen sulfideLess than 20 mg/m3, tar and dust less than 10 mg/m3,Calorific value of gasfour thousandKilojoule/Cubic meter -- 5000 kJ/cubic meter.
The fuel is burned in the gasifier under anoxic conditions to generate a certain amount of combustible gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc. The combustible gas is pressed out from the top of the gasifier by the pressure generated by a small fan. The produced gas passes through the water collection filtration, dust removal, tar removal device andGas transmission pipelineConnect to the cooker.
Production method
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1. Required material and size: 1 old iron bucket, 1 40 watt -- 60 watt fan, 2 switches,Tee joint2 pieces, pipe diameter is 1 inch, length is prepared according to drawing requirements, 1 piece is simpleGasifierThe production cost shall not exceed 100 yuan.It is better to use large iron drums and weld and cut the relevant parts of the iron drums according to the drawing requirements.
2. FurnaceGrateA circle of vertical bricks (24cm high) shall be placed along the bottom of the inner wall of the iron bucket, and then the steel bars with appropriate length shall be placed on the bricks at an interval of 1cm and fixed with mud or cement.Two layers of vertical bricks are placed above the grate along the iron barrel, and then the furnace is plastered with mud on the brick surface. The furnace should be plastered into a slightly bottom shape, so that the fuel can be concentrated in the middle of the nozzle. The inner diameter of the furnace is about 35cm.(The furnace must be dried before ignition)
3. Installation of nozzle The nozzle is of gasifierKey partsThe nozzle is vulnerable to damage due to the high temperature during combustion in the furnace, so special nozzle is required.The nozzle can be usedFlange plateIt can be fixed (convenient for replacement) or directly welded to the iron drum (if replacement is needed, it can be re welded and cut).
4. The installation of the water collecting bottle is to collect the accumulated water in the pipeline, remove the tar, and has the function of safety pressure limiting.
5. Installation of indoor cooker After the gasifier cooker is ignited normally, the flame shall be blue and red, and the room shall be smoke-free, dust-free and tasteless.The stove should be placed near the window, and one should be added to the window above the stoveventilating fan, discharged into the kitchen during cookinglampblack。
matters needing attention
1. First of all, pay attention to safety, operate in strict accordance with the instructions, and make sure that the user can operate independently before delivery.According to the data requirements, a row of fans should be added in the kitchen to eliminate indoorHarmful gas。
2. Try to chooseHigh calorific valueFuels, such as sawdust and sawdust, require that the drier and finer the fuel, the better. Different fuels have different effects.If smoke is found on the stove, it means that the fuel is too large or too wet.
3. When cooking, if the gasifier is used continuously for too long, the stove will be foundAir inletThere is white flue gas, indicating that there is a lack of fuel around the nozzle in the furnace. The fuel in the furnace can be stirred in the middle or added with appropriate fuel.
4. Frequently usedFurnace hookClean the dust around and inside the nozzle to prevent the nozzle from blocking.
development direction
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Development direction
Replace coal, natural gas andheavy oilAnd other fossils are burned to preparemethanol, gasoline or diesel, etcliquid fuelIt can be used for transportation, which can not only meet the increasing demand for liquid fuel, but also effectively reducefossil fuelPollution to the environment.
The difficulty of this method is the transportation and supply of biomass raw materials in the syngas plant.
First, the biomass is pyrolyzed and liquefied intoBio oilAnd then the bio oil is gasified into synthetic gas.The process system is as follows:
Biomass - ->pyrolysis gasification - ->pyrolysis to bio oil - ->synthetic liquefaction
This method is to establish severalBiomass liquefactionPlant, and then transport the bio oil obtained from liquefaction to the syngas plant for centralized gasification. This method will be the development direction of straw gas in the future.
Wood chips are leftovers from the wood processing plant in powder form, while leftovers from the turning wood processing plant are chips in lump and granular form.
Bamboo chips - forBamboo productsThe leftovers are block, tablet, granule and powder.
Shavings - furniture factory,Wood floorThe leftovers from the brick factory are curly leaves.
Tips for use: The sawdust under the machine is powdery, with high density, and should be used alone. The fan should use 80W, otherwise, the gas production will be blocked. If 20% wood shavings or rice husks are added, it is an ideal gas fuel. The chips from the wood truck factory and the bamboo chips from the bamboo products factory are also high quality when used alone.The shavings need to be mixed with powder and block materials.For independent use, reduce the air intake (40W fan).
Mushroom residue waste.
Bacterial residue waste - including productionedible fungiBacteria bag is infected during the processhybrid bacterium, moldy and discarded raw materials, followed by edible fungi after mushroom productionBase materialAs long as these materials are naturalCool dryOr it can be used to make gas after drying.
Corncob,Corn stalkIt is a high-quality raw material for gas production. The method of use: directly use corncob or chopped corn stalks, and the gas produced is in a purple flame.If crushed into granules or mixed with crushed materials, the produced gas will be blue flame.
Straw, rice husk
Strawunhusked riceHarvesting auxiliaryMain object, withash content14%, which is one of the varieties with the highest ash content in straw. It can be used alone to produce gas, but the gas quality is poor. It is recommended not to use it alone, and the proportion of mixed use should not be too large.This material is best used asGasified fuelIngredients of.
Rice husk, yesRice processingThe product after rice isGranularIt is a good gasification fuel, but the air inlet volume should be controlled.
Bean straw
Soybean straw generally includes soybeanMung bean, peanut seedlings, etc. This kind of straw is a high-quality gasification fuel after being cut or crushed, with low ash content, about 2-4%.
Weeds
Soft weeds can be mixed with firewood or crushed materials, and can not reach the density required for gas generation.
firewood
The firewood is cut into 5-10cm and used alone, showing a purple flame, such as adding powderGranular materialAfter that, it is a blue flame.The ash content of firewood is the lowest, only 2%. Therefore, the ash needs to be discharged in ten days and a half months
Characteristic function
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Same as using liquefied gas
Electronic ignition can be used at any time. The size can be adjusted. The blue flame has a temperature of more than 900 ℃. It is clean and sanitary. It can be used in rural areas and also meet the requirementsUrban residentsDemand.
Wide use
It can be used for cooking, cooking, heating, bathing, etc
Many raw materials
All crop straws such aswheat straw、chaff, corn stalk, cotton stalk, soybean strawPeanut shellAnd weeds, branches, sawdust, distiller's grainsbagasse, leftovers of edible fungi, dried in the suncow dungJust wait.
Generally, 150 kg straw is equivalent to a bottle of liquefied combustion, which costs almost nothing in rural areas, but only about 10 yuan in urban areas, which is equivalent to spending 10 yuan to buy a bottle of liquefied gas. Ordinary families only need 2-3 kg a day to meet their regular needs, saving more than 70% compared with ordinary wood stoves.
Convenient, hygienic and practical
One cigarette end and one newspaper can ignite the gas, make a fire once, use it for a long time, seal the fire for 3-5 days, and supply gas at any time all day long.One feeding can burn for several hours continuously, and there is no need to refill during cooking.Generally, it is only about 1 kilogram per 5-7 days.
Combustion safety
There is no danger of pressure explosion and harmful body leakage, and the volume is similar to that of liquefied gas
Monthly consumption 150 kg 500 kg 150 pieces 1 bottle 600 kg organic matter
About 15 yuan, about 50 yuan, about 60 yuan, about 90 yuan, about 30 yuan
supplement
Straw gasifier, involvingDown outAsh hole, coolingJacket, water-cooled exhaust structure, furnace body, quick opening upper ash outletFeed inletIt is composed of a sealing cover. The middle and upper part of the straw gasification furnace is the furnace body, which not only serves as the charging bin of the straw to be burned, but also serves as thecombustion chamber。The center of the upper end of the furnace body is provided withFeedThe feed inlet is provided withWater sealFeed port sealing cap of.The middle and lower parts of the straw gasifier are provided with a water-cooled exhaust structureCombustion furnaceRow.The lower furnace body below the water-cooled exhaust structure is provided with a sandwich cooling jacket. The water in the cooling jacket is communicated with the water in the water-cooled exhaust structure and is driven by a water pump for circulation.If agriculture is abundant, the foundation will be strong. If farmers are rich, the country will prosper. If rural areas are stable, social security will prevail
China is a large agricultural country with richagricultural resource。For a long time, the countryside has been directly burning straw and firewood to obtain energy, which not only wastes resources, but also reduces the thermal efficiency. It takes time and effort to make meals, smokes and fires, pollutes the environment, and threatens people's health.
Today in the 21st century, with the rapid development of economy,natural environmentOfSevere damage，energy problem With increasing tension, people have to find new energy and new products to achieve the purpose of saving energy and money.In order to comply with the development of the times, our factory has specially launched a firewood saving stove, which effectively converts crop stalks, agricultural and forestry waste gases, etc. into gas, which is convenient to use, clean and sanitary, and can be used whenever you open it, improving the rural cooking and water burning living environment.
Gas furnaceStraw gas produced belongs toGreen plantsNew energy is the most extensive, most durable, most reliable, cheapest and inexhaustible renewable energy in China's rural areas. It is inexhaustibleRenewable resources。The raw materials produced by plant gas include crop straw, forest waste, sawdust, edible fungus residue, cattle, sheep and livestock dung, and everything elseCombustible substance, rich in resources, suitable for contemporary rural use.
bookproduct mixIt is simple, efficient, energy-saving, clean, environmentally friendly, safe and hygienic (no smoke when burning), does not need auxiliary energy, nor any other chemical additives. It retains the traditional habit of direct combustion when igniting, is economical, practical, inexpensive, convenient for fuel collection, low cost, and will not increase the burden of farmers. It is a suitable product for ordinary people and easy for farmers to accept,It meets the needs of environmental protection and energy conservation in China's rural areas and is the best alternative to the old stoves in China's rural areasReplacement products。
Ten advantages
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Cutting edge technology
originalBlaze BlueCompressed packaging,Closed cycleFlameless combustion technology, realizinginfraredCombustion increases the thermal radiation area and shortens the objectheating time , good use effect, superior toSimilar products。This technology is the first in China and has applied for a national patentState Intellectual Property OfficeLifetime protection is a major breakthrough in thermal gasification technology. This product has passed the national authorityTest certification。
Scientific design
The new generation multi-functional plant gasification furnace is composed of charging drum, purification device, pipeline, stove and other parts.The stove device system itself has the functions of plant raw material gas making, gas purification and automatic separation.Tar freedesign schemeIt is clean and sanitary, and the stove will not be blocked by tar during use.When a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are generated during the combustion of fuel in the charging drum, the gas is automatically introduced into the separation system to purify the tar, sootsteamTo produce combustible gas with high calorific value, it is piped to the stove and ignited immediately. The combustion is very complete, and the internal refractory layer is designed with a special liner to ensure a service life of more than 10 years.
Fast and efficient
The plant fuel passes through the gas making chamber, and dry distillation is adopted under the condition of airtight gas shortagethermal decompositionAnd high temperatureoxidation reaction Later, aCombustible gasUnder the support of nitrogen and oxygen, the ideal combustion effect is achieved.And infrared combustion technology is applied to obtain highFurnace surfaceTemperature (nearly 1000 ℃).Since infrared ray itself can carry energy, it does not need air asMedia, and has extremely strong penetration ability, sothermal efficiencyIt greatly improves the heating time of objects, and makes the heating faster and more efficient.
Energy saving advantages
Use normalStraw gas furnaceNearly half of the fuel gas is wasted, mainly due to insufficient combustion, i.e. chemistryHeat loss, the atmospheric stove is passed by flameConvective heat transferThe bottom of the pot is fed, but the contact between the flame and the bottom of the pot is only a moment, and a large amount of gas with nearly half of the heat is wasted, that is, physical heat loss. The new efficient multi-functional plant gasification furnace achieves energy saving by reducing these two heat losses.
Environmental advantages
When in use, the gas is fully mixed with air in advance, and then burned, so that the combustion is intense and full, and completely eliminatedFree carbonThe condition of precipitation can achieve the effect of "flameless combustion", and will not blacken the bottom of the pot after long-term use, so it can ensure smokeless, tasteless, and tastelessCarbon depositionNo waste gas is generated.
Safe
It is directly converted into combustible gas under normal pressure, which is different from coal gasliquid gas, natural gas and other gases are likely to leak and explode during storage, transportation and use.
cheapness
Each set of this productretail price480-800 yuan. Once the gas is available, the price of gas and liquefied gas is rising.
Easy to use
Generally, materials are added once every 2-3 days, and ash is discharged once every 5-7 days.Ordinary families only need 2-3 kilograms of raw materials to meet their daily needs, saving more than 70% compared with ordinary wood stoves.It is the most economical, convenient, energy-saving and applicable stove in China.
Extensive resources
The raw material isRenewable energyIt can be taken everywhere and never exhausted.
Easy to promote
The raw materials are widely used, the cost is almost zero, the stove covers a small area, electronic ignition, and can be used at any time, the size is adjustable, the thermal efficiency is high, the combustion is full, the use is safe, and it is easy to promote.
