Zhang Zhu (zh ú) was born in Guizhou Province in 1940 (1940-2002.2)Guiyang City。Professor of Mathematics, Peking University.Undergraduate graduated fromSichuan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics.In 1978, he was admitted to the Department of Mathematics of Peking University as a postgraduate.Became in 1983Peking UniversityThe first doctor of.He died of illness in February 2002.
He has high academic talent and creativity, but is willing to engage in the most basic teaching andCompilation of textbooksWork;He has a physical disability. He got serious 12 years agoNasopharyngeal carcinomaWith amazing perseveranceChinese Mathematical OlympicsThe competitor has won the first place in total score for five consecutive times;He forgot himself and never tired of teaching others.
On July 6, 1982, Zhang Zhusheng passed the defense of his doctoral thesis
Zhang Zhusheng is a great professor, and his spirit is worth carrying forward.
On February 17, 2003《Guangming Daily》OnFront page headlinesZhang Zhusheng, the Great Professormeritorious deeds。The report quickly caused a strong response in the society. Zhang Zhusheng was praised as "Jiao Yulu on campus" and "a mirror of the intellectual world".At the beginning of March,Peking UniversityParty Committee and UniversityAdministrative decisionsCarry out activities to learn from the advanced deeds of Comrade Zhang Zhusheng among the faculty and staff of the school, especially the teachers, learn from his spirit of loving students, forgetting himself, and tireless teaching and educating people, learn from his dedication to fame and wealth, not asking for anything, and willing to be a ladder, learn from his spirit of firm belief, perseverance, and hard work, and learn from his spirit of enduring lonelinessThe steadfast spirit of scholarly research strives hard to achieve the development goal of the school.
Professor Zhang Zhusheng has been poor all his life and has paid silently. He has not been rated asDoctoral supervisorHowever, his teaching and textbooks have set up a monument among teachers and students of Peking University.
Zhang Zhusheng was born in 1940GuiyangCity, graduated fromSichuan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics.In 1978, he was admitted to the Department of Mathematics of Peking University as a postgraduate.In 1983, he became the first doctor of Peking University.On the 100th anniversary of Peking University, his doctoral certificate numbered 001 was regarded asPrecious cultural relicsshow.
Zhao Chunlai, a graduate student at that time and a professor at the School of Mathematics of Peking University, recalled that Zhang Zhusheng should have been the first doctor in the new China: "In 1982, in his master's thesis, he killed one of the" four guesses "put forward by the famous mathematician Smale. The defense committee unanimously agreed to grant Zhang Zhusheng a doctor's degree, only because the presidentZhang LongxiangToo cautious, the honor of "the first doctor of New China" was won by people from other schools.The next year, Zhang Longxiang was worried and invited more than 100 experts to defend Zhang Zhusheng's doctoral thesis. The scene was extremely spectacular. "
In interviews with Zhang Zhusheng's colleagues and students before his death, everyone used "brilliant" to describe the professor with thin face, simple clothes and disabled left hand.Vinland Academician is Zhang Zhusheng's younger martial brother. He reminded reporters not to mention his disability deliberately. In fact, his knowledge, eloquence and vitality make people never imagine his physical defects.Because of sufferingNasopharyngeal carcinoma, he is neatchemotherapy12 years.Wenlan said, "Of the 53 graduate students in Grade 78, Zhang Zhusheng is a scholar. He is our differentialdynamic systemThe main lecturer in the discussion class spent three hours talking, all of which were at the forefront of the subject. The blackboard was filled with erasures, erasures and refills, always with chalk on one shoulder.He has good literary attainments, and can use easy to understand language to elaborate profound mathematical connotation.Later he wrote《Principle of differential dynamic system》And become the earliest graduate textbook of the discipline in China.I still use this textbook to teach graduate students.Our mentorLiao ShantaoAcademicians commented on the book: 'With this book, a large number of young people can smoothly enter the forefront of the discipline.'Mr. Liao never praises anyone, except for him, who said, 'Zhang Zhusheng has an amazing breadth of knowledge'. "
After returning from studying in the United States, he accepted the hard task of compiling textbooks.Knowing that this was not a result, he still worked hard
In the interview, almost everyone mentioned the textbook compiled by Zhang Zhusheng to the reporter《mathematical analysis New Lectures."Mathematical Analysis" is a department of mathematicsBasic courses, equivalent to that of other departments“Advanced mathematics”。At the beginning of 1986, Zhang Zhusheng had just left the United StatesPrinceton University After returning as a visiting scholar, the leader gave him a hard task of teaching material reform: to compile New Lectures on Mathematical Analysis.A friend advised him: "At Peking University, onlyScientific research achievementsactually isThe foundation of standingThe compilation of textbooks is not scientific research achievements. "Zhang Zhusheng did not hesitate to put down the academic topic at hand and immediately enter the role.For the next five years, Zhang Zhusheng taught in the daytime and sorted out his manuscripts according to the teaching notes in the evening.ball penA lot of core writing has been done, and the first, second and third volumes of New Lectures on Mathematical Analysis have been published one after another.
Chen TianquanHe used to be the first of the "Top Ten Talents" in the Mathematics Department of Peking University. Now he is a professor in the Mathematics Department of Tsinghua University. For more than ten years, he has been taking Zhang Zhusheng's《A New Lecture on Mathematical Analysis》As the preferred teaching material.Chen Tianquan, 65, was asked by the reporter to comment on this set of teaching materials. Mr. Chen seemed very cautious: "There are so many books on mathematical analysis that I didn't see all of them, and I dare not comment on them; however, compared with the books I saw, Zhang Zhusheng's New Lecture on Mathematical Analysis is unique. I am not very familiar with Zhang Zhusheng, but I know that he spent a lot of effort in compiling this set of teaching materials.Mathematical analysis is the most basic course of the Department of Mathematics. It is not easy to teach it well, but it is not academic achievement even if it is well taught.It is very rare for Zhang Zhusheng to devote himself to developing a basic textbook. "
Zhang Zhusheng himself loves this set of textbooks. He wrote in the book's epilogue: "From the preparation of teaching reformExperimental handoutTo organizebe published in book formIt took five years.Knowing that it is "thankless to work hard", but he did it bravely... There are two lines in A Dream of Red Mansions: "Both of them say that the author is crazy, who understands the flavor?"
His wife Liu Lingling recalled that Zhang Zhusheng was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma shortly after the release of this set of New Lectures on Mathematical Analysis. It has been 12 years since thenradiotherapyProcess until death.
At the time of Zhang Zhusheng's death, there was a "plagiarism case of professors in Peking University" in the society.Some students from other departments heard that the author of New Lectures on Mathematical Analysis had died, so they wrote on the campus network of Peking University to mourn: "Fortunately, Peking University has professors like Zhang Zhusheng..."
He led the mathOrsay The national team won the first place in the total score for five consecutive timesTake allI went in, but I couldn't record the teaching workload
In 1995, Zhang Zhusheng was appointedChinese Mathematical OlympicsThe head coach of the national team has been working for five years.
This is also a hard work that cannot "produce academic achievements", or even be recorded as "teaching workload".Professor Zhao Chunlai told the reporter that Zhang Zhusheng was a little short of teaching workload in the school's annual accounting;Although the leader "took special care" every time and passed the exam smoothly, Zhang Zhusheng was still a little aggrieved."He even took his life for the Olympic Games. I was a coach once, but I don't want to do it again. It's exhausting. Outsiders don't know how hard this job is."
Fortunately, those students who have participated in the Olympic Games understand.The reporter found the world champion of the Mathematical OlympiadUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBranch schoolsYao Jiangang, a doctoral student, said about Zhang Zhusheng, he sighed: "The Math Olympiad has been held for decades, and it is the most difficult to set questions. Because the contestants are middle school students, each question must be elementary in higher mathematics. This process of backward pushing is very difficult. It will take at least a week to work out a topic that is both innovative and difficult, but also can distinguish the pros and cons of students.Mr. Zhang can come up with dozens of new questions every year, which is very impressive.You know, since he was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 1990, he has suffered from seriouscolitis，cancerationIt also transferred to the liver.In the summer of 2001, in TianjinNankai UniversityHe held a training class for 200 preliminaries by himself. He sang for seven days from setting questions, judging questions, giving lectures to discussing‘Monologue’。Do you know how to get through these seven days?hemouth ulcer、Salivary glandDamage, severe colitis, bone pain, and late stageliver cancerIt causes serious symptoms below the waistEdema, can only eat a little milk every dayglucose, tofu, etcliquid diet。”
With half bodycancer cell, led by a group of top mathematicians, Zhang ZhushengCanadaTransferred toArgentinaAmong more than 70 participating countries, the Chinese team won the first place in the total score for five consecutive times, of which all the competitors won gold medals three times.This achievement has no precedent in the world.
While winning five world firsts in a row, Zhang ZhushengPeking Union Medical College HospitalHe also got a "first": he received the largest amount of radiotherapy in the hospital's historycancerpatient.Once in class, Zhang Zhusheng said to the following dozens of young faces: Maybe the sum of the pain you all experienced is not as much as the pain I experienced alone.At that time, the students were still unconvinced.Professor Zhang died. The students were convinced and deeply regretted that they could not share the pain of the teacher.
As the condition worsened, we had to fast food and water for lectures.He refused to take a full rest, and wanted to work to forget the pain until the last breath
In addition to school teaching and Olympic training, Zhang also providesHaidian District Teachers Training School"Mathematics Teachers"Seminar”It takes eight years to teach.In the first few years, he didn't take any money, but later he took some teaching fees. But whether he was paid or not, he rode through the traffic with one hand.
Strange to outsiders, Zhang ZhushengTeacher training schoolAfter eight years of teaching, some young teachers followed him for eight years.asHigh School Affiliated to the National People's CongressPeng Jianping, Liu Yunhe101 Middle SchoolWhite snow, etc.Zhao Dati, Vice President of the School of Continuing Education, said, "All the problems we encounter in teaching can be solved through this seminar, and Mr. Zhang is the author of the seminar andresolvent"Bai Xue said, "Generally, the answers to the questions in the International Mathematics Competition are two or three pages long, while Mr. Zhang only uses four or five linesArithmeticIt was solved. It was amazing.More importantly, he taught me to solve problems in a way acceptable to middle school students.He has a great influence on me, and we all admire him. "
In the second half of 2001, Zhang Zhusheng became more seriously illcolitisHe has to go to the toilet dozens of times a day.In order to have a good class, he has to go on a diet one day in advance. On the day of class, he has to go without food or water.The hospital leader advised him to take a full rest and recuperate, but he disagreed.Liu Lingling explained to the leaders on his behalf: "He wants to spend the last days of his life in this way. Rather than let him suffer in pain, let him forget the pain in work and enjoy happiness in thinking."
With such pain and happiness, Zhang Zhusheng worked to the last moment of his life.At 2:30 p.m. on January 11, 2002, it was lostSense of directionZhang Zhusheng was carried into Room 208, the first teaching building of Peking University by several graduate students. This is his examination room for differential topology. He will personally supervise the examination for 38 students.Soon the students' scores and comments came out.Then Zhang Zhusheng was admitted to the hospital.
On February 6, Zhang Zhusheng died.
Zhang Zhusheng and Liu Lingling have no children. They regard the students one after another as their own children.An Jinpeng, an Olympic gold medalist and Peking University graduate student, recalled: "On February 1, 2002, Mr. Zhang was critically ill and I went to the hospital to visit him,Take my hand, insist that I sit in front of him and forbid me to get up.I just sat there and looked at Miss Zhang, who was so thin that she lost her face.After a while, Mr. Zhang slowly opened his eyes again and saw that I was still sitting there, slowly showing a quiet smile.I was shocked. From this smile, I saw something that could not be expressed in words. "
After Zhang Zhusheng died, the BBS on the campus network of Peking University was covered with memorial articles:
"Mr. Zhang may be the top teacher I never met in my life... When he talked about geometry, I knew I had never learned real geometry before; when he talked about algebra, I began to doubt whether I had learned real algebraMathematical thoughtIt is profound but extremely clear, so that ordinary people like me can understand it. "
"I have visited Mr. Zhang several times beforeWeixiu GardenMy family is really poor. I once gave up to workscientific researchThe intention of.In the summer of 2000, on his last visit, Mr. Zhang was happy to bring outBlue Flag CampOfStructure diagram, said: With the savings of Mr. Liu and me, we can also live there.I was so sad that I cried. "
"Mr. Zhang, it is you who let me understand that the pleasure of thinking is more noble than the enjoyment of material things. Mr. Zhang, take a good walk."
Zhang Zhusheng didn't leave any brave words.He loved it all his lifeeducationOnly work and students are in my heart.He doesn't seem to know how to compete for achievements and titles.However, people familiar with him granted him the highest and most resounding title - the true professor.
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Impressive Zhang Zhusheng/Li Siyan
The front page headline of Guangming Daily on February 17 introduced the touching story of Zhang Zhusheng, a mathematics professor at Peking University.Mr. Zhang is a great professor. His academic talent, creativity and superhuman perseverance are all exemplary. His selflessness andSelfless dedicationEspecially impressive.
As a member of theMathematical researchAs a high-level professor with high talent in the field, respected by peers and admired by students, Mr. Zhang silently wrote basic textbooks that "do not count as scientific research achievements" and acted as a "no workload" professorChinese Mathematical OlympicsThe head coach of the national teamHaidian DistrictThe "Math Teacher Seminar" held by the teacher gave lessons. "In the past few years, I didn't get any money, but later I got some teaching fees.".Mr. Zhang is a teaching professor, and what accompanies him on this road is dedication, hard work, no fame or gain, and unlimited love and persistent pursuit of the cause.
Once upon a time, it was rare for famous professors to take basic courses.Part of the reason for this is that in recent years, the evaluation system of universities has begun to tilt from teaching to scientific research. Scientific research achievements themselves can promote teachers' professional titles, and the transformation of scientific research achievements can bring about realityEconomic benefitsHowever, teaching achievements are not easy to quantify, so some university teachers tend to focus on scientific research rather than teaching.Although the call for famous teachers to come to the podium continues, a considerable proportion of professors and associate professors in many colleges and universities do not teach basic courses.
In fact, the benefits of famous teachers taking basic courses are obvious.If students can access professors and receive high-quality education at the undergraduate level, this higher starting point will benefit them for life.At the same time, professors usuallybasic course Combined with scientific research, it not only imparts knowledge to students, but also imparts goodlearning methodWith innovative ideas and research essentials, students can also imperceptibly touch the academic ideas of different professors in the process of learning basic courses, inspire their minds and feel the fun of thinking and learning at the same time.Even for professors themselves,teaching processThe expanded knowledge in can also make up for the situation that scientific research has become narrower and narrower since it developed in depth, and obtain many new things from young people with active thinking.
Of course, we should first reform the system, which leads to the unreasonable situation that famous professors do not engage in basic teaching.For example, how to define the teaching workload and how to measure the teaching results, so that a dedicated professor like Zhang Zhusheng will not be "a little less than the teaching workload calculated every year".However, for such a "thankless" job as basic teaching, our professors should learn a spirit from Mr. Zhang Zhusheng, that is, professors engaged in basic teaching are not only necessary, but more importantly, they should go beyondpersonal interests, have the spirit of dedication to be a teacher.If so, our academic community may not have the time to copy other people's academic achievements and have the time to publish one book after anotherAcademic rubbishHowever, there is no time for basic teaching.
