Cone crusher

Crushing machinery for raw materials

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synonym Cone crusher (Cone crusher) generally refers to cone crusher

cone Crusher^[1] One is applicable to metallurgy, construction, road building, chemistry and silicate Crushing machinery for raw materials in the industry. According to different crushing principles and products Particle size There are many different models. Crushers are widely used in mines, smelting, building materials, highways, railways, water conservancy and chemical industry And many other departments. Cone crusher Crushing ratio Large, high efficiency, low energy consumption, uniform product granularity, suitable for Mesoclasis And finely crushing various ores and rocks. The models are mainly divided into SMG series, spring type and HPC series, and their working principles and structures are introduced respectively. The development history, working principle, composition influence factor 、 Technical advantages Operation matters, common faults, inspection and maintenance, etc.

Chinese name: Cone crusher
Foreign name: cone crusher
Abbreviation: Cone breaking

Classification: Mining machinery and equipment, crusher
Field: energy
Discipline: Mining, machinery

catalog

▪ Installation and commissioning
ten Common faults
eleven Operation and maintenance
twelve Overhaul and maintenance
thirteen Maintenance precautions
fourteen Hot installation of hammer head
fifteen expectation

Features and structure

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Cone crusher

With the continuous development of mining technology, cone crushers are also divided into several types, including spring cone crushers, mortar rolling cone crushers Hydraulic cone crusher as well as Compound cone crusher 4 categories; It is divided into ordinary PY cone crusher Simmons cone crusher , composite cone crusher, standard hydraulic cone crusher Single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher as well as Multi cylinder hydraulic cone crusher And many other models. The hydraulic crusher is developed on the basis of digesting and absorbing various types of cone crushers with international advanced level in the 1980s. Its structure is obviously different from that of the traditional cone crusher in design, and it has concentrated the main advantages of various cone crushers known so far. It is suitable for fine crushing and ultra-fine crushing of hard rocks, ores, slag, refractory materials, etc.

Introduction to the structure of cone crusher: the main structures of cone crusher are frame 、 horizontal axis , moving cone, balance wheel, eccentric sleeve, upper crushing wall (fixed cone), lower crushing wall (moving cone) Hydraulic coupling Lubrication system and hydraulic system.

Development history

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The predecessor of cone crusher

The appearance ratio of cone crusher Roll crusher More than 100 years later than Gyratory crusher More than 20 years later.

Before the cone crusher came out, the hydrogen oxygen method had been greatly developed in the early 20th century, and it required Gyratory crusher and Jaw crusher More detailed products can be supplied, in this case, in addition to using Roll crusher In addition to medium and fine crushing equipment, coarse crushing rotary crusher is also used as fine crushing equipment. along with Mine technology With the continuous development of cone crusher, there are several kinds.

Appearance and development of cone breaking

In 1927, gently inclined cone The cone crusher (hereinafter referred to as slow cone crusher) is officially used in industry. This kind of cone crusher has Simon type standard and short head cone crusher and spherical cone crusher.

Soon, the steeply inclined compression cone Crusher They also came out one after another. At first, this kind of crusher was called compression gyratory crusher. In fact, this kind of crusher was improved on the basis of gyratory crusher Mesoclasis And fine crushing, its shape and structure are similar to Stub shaft The gyratory crushers are basically the same, with steep conical surface, Ore discharge port Small, short spindle, stroke Large, fast.

By the end of the 1950s, cone crushers made in various countries began to be widely used hydraulic technology The cone crusher is further improved. At this time, the slow cone crusher keeps the original spring overload Protector On the basis of gentle cone surface, hydraulic or pneumatic regulating ore discharge mouth device, hydraulic overload protection device and Hydraulic lock Tight fitting.

At the same time, while retaining the original steep moving cone surface, the steep cone crusher also uses hydraulic technology. According to the different hydraulic setting locations, it can be divided into bottom hydraulic support type or top hydraulic hanging type cone crusher. Since the adjustment and overload protection devices of the ore discharge mouth are unified Hydraulic system , simple structure.

In the 1970s, cone crushers made progress in two aspects: first, 3050mm large cone crushers came out, and second, steep and slow cone crushers capable of producing ultra-fine materials came out. The latter has a new type of crushing chamber structure, short main shaft, and can obtain 4 objects of materials.

The cone crusher consists of the above two main different types, and some other types are derived, such as none gear Rotating multi cylinder Hydraulic crusher In fact, multi cylinder crushers are only used for locking devices and cannot be compared with bottom single cylinder hydraulic crushers and top single cylinder hydraulic crushers.

Performance improvement

domestic Cone crusher The improvement of working performance has become the new goal of China's mining machinery processing industry. Some basic research achievements of domestic and foreign experts on cone crusher will be carried out from different perspectives of the working mechanism and performance of the crusher Lamination Crushing theory, cone crusher throughput Calculation method, laminated cavity model, cavity design planning, broken products Particle size distribution Situation and cavity multi-target optimal design And other aspects:

1. Research Personnel analysis The research and development status of cone crusher cavity at home and abroad is reviewed, and the cone crusher cavity is deeply understood Structural optimization design And the importance and urgency of improving the working performance of cone crusher.

2. For crushed materials in the crushing chamber of cone crusher Kinematic characteristics Three different forms of particle flow states are discussed, which are sliding, free falling, and the coexistence of sliding and free falling. The loose materials in the crushing chamber are analyzed motion state Impact on the working performance of the crusher, simulation analysis The loose materials in the crushing chamber of the cone crusher path of particle Know the layered crushing characteristics of cone crusher, and accumulate theoretical basis for layered research and design of crushing chamber.

3. By analyzing the impact of crusher cavity on the particle size distribution of rock products balance model A new calculation method of cone crusher's production capacity is deduced based on the calculation method of particle size distribution of crushed products.

4. Committed to the development of efficient laminated cone crusher, based on the research of cone crusher's working mechanism and performance, the multi-objective optimization of cone crusher's production capacity, crushing product particle size and cavity structure has been established design scheme 。 combination Spring cone crusher For the multi-objective optimization problem of the cavity structure, the solving method of the multi-objective optimization model of the crusher cavity is deeply studied.

SMH series Hydraulic cone crusher It is an advanced cone crusher developed by absorbing the world's advanced crushing technology, and is widely used in metallurgy, construction, hydropower, transportation, chemical industry Building materials industry Medium, suitable for crushing various ores and rocks with hard and medium hardness. SMH series hydraulic cone crusher is a high-performance cone crusher.

working principle

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Animation display

Animation of working principle of cone crusher

In the cone crusher working process In, the motor drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the transmission device, and the moving cone rotates and swings under the force of the eccentric shaft sleeve. The section where the moving cone is close to the static cone becomes the crushing chamber, and the materials are crushed by multiple extrusion and impact of the moving cone and the static cone. When the moving cone leaves this section, the material that has been crushed to the required size falls under its own gravity and is discharged from the cone bottom^[1] 。

Operation mechanism

Figure 2 Schematic Diagram of Cone Crusher

As shown in Figure 2, the crushing process is completed between the fixed fixed cone and the rotating cone of circular motion. When the cone crusher is working, the horizontal axis of the crusher is passed by the motor V-belt and pulley The horizontal shaft drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the big and small gears, and the cone shaft of the crusher produces eccentricity under the action of the eccentric sleeve Rotary pendulum motion The surface of the broken wall is sometimes close to the surface of the fixed cone, and sometimes far away from the surface of the fixed cone, so that the stone is continuously crushed, broken and impacted in the crushing chamber. The crushed material is discharged from the discharge port at the lower part of the crusher under the action of its own weight. The upper cavity of the cone crusher's motorized cone is supported on the spherical bearing bush that fixes the upper end of the main shaft, and its lower cavity is sleeved outside the eccentric shaft sleeve, and its movement is directly driven by the eccentric shaft sleeve. When the eccentric shaft sleeve rotates around the main shaft, the moving cone not only follows the eccentric shaft sleeve around the center line of the machine Rotary motion And also rotates around its own axis, and the moving cone rotates and swings in space around its spherical support center. The axis of the moving cone intersects the centerline of the spindle at Fixed point , i.e. spherical surface Center point , the included angle is Precession Angle. When the crusher is running, the axis of the moving cone is relative to the center line of the machine circular cone surface The cone top of the moving cone is the center of spherical support, and the point always remains stationary during the movement of the moving cone. Therefore, the motion of a moving cone can be regarded as the rotation of a rigid body around a fixed point, that is, the motion of a moving cone is composed of two kinds of rotational motions: precession motion or Implicated movement (The moving cone rotates around the machine centerline) and autorotation or relative motion (The moving cone rotates around its axis).

Cone crusher No load In the case of operation, the rotating cone is driven by the spherical bearing friction torque And eccentric shaft sleeve feed cone friction It is determined by the value of, which moment is large, the moving cone will rotate in the direction of this moment. Under normal circumstances, the moving cone rotates along the rotation direction of the eccentric shaft sleeve, and the rotation speed is determined by the difference between the two torques. The cone crusher is located between the spherical bearing and the lower sleeve of the moving cone to control the rotation of the moving cone. In the case of loaded operation, the friction moment of stone against the moving cone surface is far greater than the friction moment of eccentric shaft sleeve against the moving cone.

Machine composition

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Hydraulic system

The hydraulic system is used to adjust the size of the crusher discharge port, and the hydraulic system can effectively ensure the safe operation of the equipment. When there is foreign matter in the crushing chamber, the hydraulic system can make the moving cone fall back automatically. When the foreign matter is discharged, the system makes the falling moving cone automatically reset^[1] 。

Crushing cavity

Hydraulic cone crusher

The crushing cavity is formed between the moving cone and the fixed cone Geometric space 。 The shape of the crushing chamber has a great influence on the performance of the whole machine. Crusher cavity is the main type of crushing Technical indicators 。 The machine is designed with four specifications of cavity from coarse crushing to fine crushing, and it has six possible combinations, which means it can best meet the special requirements of users;

Reliable sealing

Labyrinth Sealing device , replacing the previously used water seal, making it impossible for dust and impurities to enter the body, thus ensuring the cleanness of lubricating oil and prolonging the sliding bearing 、 Thrust ball bearing Its service life ensures reliable operation of the machine;

Structural characteristics

Structural drawing of cone crusher

1. Higher production capacity and better quality.

2. With Safety device , greatly reducing downtime.

3. The body is cast steel Structure, equipped with Stiffener 。

4. With an adjuster It can quickly adjust the particle size of crushing discharge.

5. Provide spring type protection device.

6. With a complete lubrication system, it will automatically shut down when the temperature is too high or the flow rate is too slow.

7. The internal structure has good sealing performance, which can effectively protect the equipment from dust and other small particles.

8. Long service life Applicability Strong.

form

Figure 1 Structural Diagram of Cone Crusher

As shown in Figure 1, the cone crusher is mainly composed of frame , transmission shaft, eccentric sleeve, spherical bearing, broken cone, adjusting device, adjusting sleeve, spring and Blanking opening And other parts.

(1) Main frame assembly of crusher: the main frame of crusher is composed of upper frame body and lower frame body, which are connected by hydraulic cylinder, with Wear liner And protective cover: the upper frame is a weldment Upper mouth Wear resistant copper plate is welded, and the lower frame is integral Steel casting 。

(2) Main shaft assembly: the central hub of the lower frame body of the main shaft and the main frame adopts small conical surface Interference fit Assembly, main shaft open axial And radial Lubricating oil hole 。

(3) Eccentric shaft sleeve assembly: the eccentric shaft sleeve is internally mounted with a high Lead bronze Bushing; The lower part is equipped with large bevel gear and Thrust bearing The upper thrust bearing is forged steel, and the lower thrust bearing is high lead bronze; In addition, the eccentric shaft sleeve is also equipped with a counterweight assembly fixed by bolts, which is filled with lead and installed with wear-resisting Protect the lining plate.

(4) Moving cone assembly: the upper part of the moving cone adopts Bolting The feed plate assembly is fixed, and the spherical bearing bush is installed at the lower part, which can be connected with the spherical surface installed in the sleeve Steel tile Coordination; The movable cone is externally mounted with Permanganate steel The clearance between the moving cone and its lining plate is filled with epoxy resin ; The upper and lower high lead bronze bushings are installed inside the moving cone.

(5) Cone assembly: the upper part of cone is installed with feeding Hopper ； High manganese steel wear-resistant lining plate fixed with large diameter bolts is installed inside, and epoxy resin is also filled between the cone and its lining plate; The outside of the cone is fitted with the adjusting ring Trapezoidal thread 。

(6) Adjusting ring: the adjusting ring is a component composed of adjusting ring Clamping ring 、 Cam Follow-up Pieces and Hydraulic motor Equal composition; The clamping ring is provided with trapezoidal thread, which can be connected with the fixed cone; The upper part of the adjusting ring is equipped with a main frame Fixed pin And guide rod to prevent the adjusting ring from Internal rotation 。

(7) Unit lubricating device: composed of lubricating oil tank and motor Oil pump , filtering device cooling system and control device form. for example Yantai The cone crusher of Xinhai Mining Machinery adopts two sealing methods of dry oil or water, so that dust and impurities cannot enter the body, ensuring the cleanness of lubricating oil.

(8) Horizontal drive shaft assembly: a high-power main drive motor Triangular belt round transmission The small bevel gear on the horizontal shaft drives the large bevel gear and eccentric shaft sleeve: the box of the horizontal shaft is integral Iron castings , fixed to the main frame with bolts.

(9) Hydraulic clamping frame and iron passing release device: through Double acting hydraulic cylinder The components on the upper part of the adjusting ring are connected to the main frame of the crusher.

（10） Regulating mechanism Assembly: the hydraulic motor is used to drive the pinion, and the pinion drives the Big tooth To drive the fixed cone to rotate, so as to adjust the clearance between the fixed cone lining plate and the moving cone lining plate.

（11） hydraulic control Station: control station Including oil tank with oil meter, motor oil pump, filtering device Energy storage device , control device Pressure switch , safety protection device, etc; The crusher is also equipped with Terminal box And button control cabinet.

matters needing attention

1. The feed particle size ratio is appropriate

2、 Automatic control device ；

3. Crusher discharge and emptying

4. Proper selection of crushing chamber for crushed materials

5. The feeding distribution is uniform within 360 ° of the crushing chamber

6、 Conveyor belt The specification of is consistent with the maximum output capacity of the crusher;

7. Appropriate choice Prescreening And closed-circuit screened Sieve Specifications.

Easy to replace

In the past, it was very slow to replace the crushing wall of a crusher, and it was very fast to replace the crushing wall of a cone crusher with a new structure. Because the upper crushing wall is equipped with a clamp, the crushing wall is fixed by jacking with bolts. The lower crushing wall is fixed by Hydraulic nut Fasten. There is no need to add anything on the back of the upper and lower broken walls Filler material , so the replacement speed reduces the number of workers labour intensity ；

Adjustment opening

High pressure resistant Displacement sensor , the adjustment of the position of the ore discharge mouth is carried out in the operating room. Just press the key Operation console There is a display on the, you can see the size of the ore discharge mouth that needs to be adjusted, which is very convenient and accurate.

When the machine is working, the motor passes through the hydraulic coupling Bevel gear Drive the large bevel gear at the bottom of the eccentric sleeve to rotate the eccentric sleeve, causing the cone to rotate and swing to break materials. The main shaft of the crusher is immovable, but only supports the duster spherical tile to bear the crushing force. Since the main shaft of the crusher does not move and the eccentric sleeve transmits the crushing force, the structure can bear a large crushing force, and is very suitable for fine crushing and ultra-fine crushing, because the crushing force of ultra-fine crushing is very large. It is estimated that the product particle size (for ultra fine crushing lining plate) can reach 50 ^ 80% (depending on the nature of the material) when the circuit is open for one 5m two. The crusher is suitable for the third stage crushing or the fourth stage crushing of metal mine concentrator; It is suitable for building materials or non-metallic mines and civil engineering. Especially for civil engineering Natural sand Areas with insufficient supply.

Type classification

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SMG series

On the basis of summing up the advantages of various crushing cavity types, the SMG series hydraulic cone crusher designed by engineers has a variety of crushing cavity types to choose from Eccentricity It can meet the production requirements of customers to the maximum extent and achieve high output. In the case of full feeding, lamination and crushing can be realized to optimize the final product grain line

Spring type

Spring cone crusher When unbreakable foreign matters pass through the crushing chamber or the machine is overloaded for some reason, the spring cone Crusher The spring safety system realizes safety and increases ore discharge. The foreign matter is discharged from the crushing chamber. If the foreign matter is stuck in the ore discharge port, the cavity cleaning system is used to make the ore discharge continue to increase and the foreign matter is discharged from the crushing chamber. Under the action of the spring, the ore discharge mouth automatically resets, and the spring cone crusher returns to normal work.

Spring cone crusher 、 Medium crushing spring cone crusher and fine crushing spring cone crusher. The spring cone crusher for coarse crushing is also called gyratory crusher ； The secondary crushing spring cone crusher is a standard cone crusher; Fine crushing cone crusher is also called short head cone crusher or "round mill".

HPC series

HPC series High efficiency hydraulic cone crusher High energy crusher with world advanced level is a perfect combination of crushing speed, eccentricity (stroke) and high-performance crushing cavity design. It not only improves the production capacity and Crushing efficiency , also expanded Scope of application , from limestone reach basalt From stone production to various ore crushing, it can provide unparalleled crushing performance in various intermediate crushing, fine crushing and ultra fine crushing operations. Its high rotating speed, high crushing capacity and unique patented design make the crushed products have extremely high-quality cubic shape, and the characteristics of easy maintenance can ensure extraordinary high stability operation, which is very popular around the world

Technical parameters of HPC series hydraulic cone crusher:

model	Moving cone diameter (mm)	Cavity type	Feed port size (mm)	Discharge opening size (mm)	Production capacity (t/h)	Motor power (kw)	Main engine weight (t)
HPC-160	nine hundred and fifty	C	one hundred and fifty	thirteen	120-240	one hundred and sixty	thirteen
F	seventy-six	six	55-180	-	-	-	-
HPC-220	one thousand one hundred and sixty	C	two hundred and twenty-five	thirteen	150-430	two hundred and twenty	nineteen
F	eighty-six	six	90-260	-	-	-	-
HPC-315	one thousand and four hundred	C	two hundred and ninety	thirteen	190-610	three hundred and fifteen	twenty-six
F	one hundred	six	108-320	-	-	-	-
HPC-400	one thousand and five hundred	C	three hundred and twenty	thirteen	230-700	four hundred	thirty-three
F	one hundred and ten	six	145-430	-	-	-	-

SMG cone crusher Technical parameters:

Cavity type	model	Feed port size (mm)	Motor power (kw)	Total weight (including motor) (t)
Coarse crushing C	SMG100	one hundred and fifty	70-90	seven point one
Fine crushing F	SMG100	fifty	70-90	seven point one
Ultra coarse EC	SMG200S	three hundred and sixty	one hundred and sixty	twelve
Coarse C		three hundred
Medium M		two hundred and thirty-five

Crusher output:

SMG100	Output (t/h)
SMG100	Discharge port C S.S	7mm	10mm	13mm	16mm	19mm	22mm	25mm
Stroke (mm)	sixteen	33-45	45-55	52-65	65-75	75-85	80-90	85-95
Stroke (mm)	twenty	43-50	50-60	55-70	70-85	90-100	100-110	-
Stroke (mm)	twenty-five	-	55-65	60-75	75-90	100-120	-	-

Crusher	Production capacity (t/h) under CSS (mm) of closed edge discharge port
Crusher	Cavity type	19mm	22mm	25mm	29mm	32mm	35mm	38mm	41mm	44mm	48mm	51mm	54mm
SMG200S	EC	-	-	one hundred and twenty-five	135-175	148-230	155-290	165-310	175-326	180-330	195-300	200-255	two hundred and ten
	C	-	one hundred and five	115-145	125-195	130-250	140-270	150-285	160-295	165-260	one hundred and eighty	-	-
	M	ninety	95-120	105-165	115-215	120-230	130-245	135-260	145-275	150-240	one hundred and sixty-five	-	-

influence factor

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1. The cavity shape of cone crusher is composed of crushing wall (moving cone) and Rolled mortar wall Tapering working space^[2] 。 The quality of cavity shape design is important for the crusher Economic and technical indicators (productivity, energy consumption, particle size and shape of crushed products, abrasion of crushing wall and rolling mortar wall, etc.) significant impact 。 The unique design makes Final product The material density is relatively uniform Cube Shape, the working surface of the moving cone wears evenly.

2. The working parameters of the crusher have a direct impact on the movement characteristics of the bulk materials in the crushing chamber, which is mainly reflected in the impact of the rotation speed of the main shaft of the crusher on the movement status of the bulk materials, and then has an important impact on the working performance of the crusher (productivity and particle size distribution of crushed products, etc.).

3. The swing stroke of the crushing chamber of the cone crusher has an important impact on the working performance of the crusher. When the swing stroke is increased, the actual feed of each crushing layer of the crushing chamber Compression ratio Enlargement product quality Improvement, calibration Nesting The particle size increases. When the swing stroke is reduced, the actual feed compression ratio of each crushing layer in the crushing chamber decreases, the quality of crushed products deteriorates, and the nominal discharge particle size decreases. In consideration of improving the quality of crushing products, the swing stroke of each crushing layer in the crushing chamber is also taken as a large value.

Technical advantages

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1. Crushing Larger than High production efficiency

——Combine higher speed with stroke to make SMH crusher Rated power and Trafficability It has greatly improved the crushing ratio and production efficiency 。 The hydraulic cone crusher will Combination design^[2] 。

2、 Wearing parts Low consumption and operation cost

——Reasonable structure, advanced crushing principle and technical parameters, reliable operation and low operation cost; All parts of the crusher are provided with wear-resistant protection, reducing the maintenance cost to Minimum The general service life can be increased by more than 30%.

3、 Laminated crushing Excellent grain shape of finished products

——By using the special crushing chamber designed based on the principle of inter particle lamination and the speed matching with it, the traditional single particle crushing principle is replaced to realize the Selective crushing , significantly improving the product Fine material The proportion and cube content greatly reduce the needle and sheet materials.

4. Hydraulic protection and hydraulic cavity cleaning Degree of automation High, reduced downtime

——Hydraulic regulating discharge port and overload protection The operation level of the crusher is greatly improved, and the maintenance is simpler, the operation is more convenient, and the downtime is shorter; Two way iron passing release of SMH series cone crusher Hydraulic cylinder It can allow the iron block to pass through the crushing chamber. In the case of iron passing and instant stuffiness, the machine can lift up hydraulically and discharge automatically, greatly reducing the trouble of the original spring cone crusher that needs to stop for manual discharge

5. Thin oil lubrication, reliable and advanced, improving service life

——Unique thin oil lubrication system design , greatly improving the service life of the equipment. High performance non-contact labyrinth seals have no wear, which improves the reliability of blocking dust, and fundamentally eliminates common faults such as oil-water mixing of the original spring cone crusher.

6. Multiple crushing cavity types, flexible application and strong adaptability

——The SMH cone crusher only needs to replace the fixed cone liner and the moving cone liner. The crushing cavity shape can be changed from the standard ultra coarse cavity to the short end ultra fine cavity, which can meet the requirements of a wide range of product particle sizes.

7. Easy to maintain and operate

Cone crusher

——All parts of the cone crusher can be disassembled and maintained from the top or side. It is convenient to disassemble and assemble the moving cone and the fixed cone without disassembling the frame and fastening the bolts, so it is more convenient to replace the lining plate of the cone crusher daily. utilize Hydraulic motor To optimize the production efficiency of the crusher.

8. High production capacity and good discharge shape

——It provides higher production capacity, the best product shape, easy automatic control, maximum reliability and flexibility, and truly creates more value for users.

Operational matters

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Start and stop

1. Appropriate starter shall be selected according to the motor model starter start^[2] 。

2. The equipment shall be started and stopped in sequence.

3. The equipment shall be started without load, and feeding can be carried out only after the operation is stable. The feeding shall be uniform and overload operation is not allowed.

4. Stop feeding before stopping the machine, and stop the machine only after all materials in the machine are emptied.

Feeding

1. The incoming materials shall conform to the technical requirement , particle size shall not exceed the specified range, water content It is related to the physical properties of materials, and should not be greater than 15%, so as to avoid blocking the feeding port and causing the phenomenon of pasting machine.

2. The feed should be evenly mixed to improve the crushing effect Working conditions 。

3. No Metal materials Enter the machine to prevent damage to bearings and other parts.

4. The ore must be fed in the middle of the distribution plate, and it is not allowed to directly feed the ore into the crushing chamber. This is to prevent overload of the crusher and uneven wear of the lining plate. correct Ore feeding The condition is that the ore is evenly distributed in the crushing chamber through the distribution disk, and the ore fed cannot be higher than the level of the rolling mortar wall

5. Maximum ore feeding size of crusher ≤ 85% Ore mouth size

Nesting

1. The discharge port of cone crusher shall be unblocked to avoid equipment overload due to blocked discharge.

2. Should Regular inspection Discharging condition. If it is found that the discharging particle size does not conform to the specified discharging particle size, the wear condition and V-belt If any problem is found, replace the worn parts and adjust the tension of the V-belt.

Replacement of rolled mortar wall

There are U-shaped screws on the rolling mortar wall, which are placed on the adjusting ring and injected between the two kirsite When installing or replacing the rolled mortar wall, check its fastening after 6-8 hours of operation, and tighten the U-shaped screw again.

Replacement of broken wall

The cone crushing wall is fixed on the cone body with a cone head, and zinc alloy is cast between the two. After 6-8 hours of operation, the newly installed or replaced cone crushing wall should be checked for its tightness, and it should be tightened immediately if it is loose.

Bushing replacement

Taper sleeve And empty Eccentric shaft To grind, inject zinc alloy to prevent the cone sleeve from rotating. The zinc alloy should fill all the gaps. Due to the deformation of the cone sleeve caused by the hot injection of zinc alloy, the new cone sleeve should be checked for size. If it is incorrect, it should be corrected in time. When manufacturing spare parts, it should be prepared according to the actual size of the inner diameter of the eccentric sleeve to maintain the original fit.

Installation and maintenance

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Mechanical Maintenance It is an extremely important regular work, which should be closely coordinated with the operation and maintenance of the machine, and should have full-time

Personnel shall check on duty.

Machine maintenance

1. Bearing

The bearing of the crusher bears all the loads of the machine, so good lubrication has a great relationship with the bearing life, which directly affects the machine

The service life and operation rate of the machine must be kept clean, and the sealing must be good

(1) Rotating bearing (2) Roller bearing (3) All gears (4) movable bearings, sliding surfaces

Cone crusher

2. Newly installed Tyre Frequent inspection must be carried out for looseness;

3. Pay attention to whether all parts of the machine work normally;

4. Pay attention to check the wear degree of easily worn parts, and replace worn parts at any time;

5. Put Movable device Of chassis On the flat surface, dust and other materials shall be removed to prevent the movable bearing from moving on the underframe when the machine encounters unbreakable materials, so that Serious accident ；

6. If the bearing oil temperature rises, stop the machine immediately to check the cause and eliminate it;

7. If there is an impact sound when the rotating gear is running, stop it immediately for inspection and eliminate it.

Installation and commissioning

1. The equipment shall be installed on a horizontal concrete foundation and fixed with anchor bolts;

2. When installing, pay attention to the perpendicularity between the main body and the horizontal;

3. After installation, check whether the bolts at each part are loose and whether the main engine compartment door is fastened. If yes, fasten it;

4. According to power configuration of equipment power cord and Control switch ；

5. After inspection, carry out no-load test run. If the test run is normal, start production.

Common faults

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Fault 1: The oil pressure in the oil pipe before and after the filter is different

Cause of fault : Filter clogged

Troubleshooting : When the oil pressure difference exceeds 0.04MPa Clean the filter , first make the oil not pass through the ground Filter And then remove the filter for cleaning, so as to directly supply oil to the crusher, within 2-3h

Fault 2: Oil flow indicator There is no oil flow inside, but the oil pressure is lower than 0.5MPa

Cause of fault: 1. Low oil temperature; two Oil switch Not open well; 3. The oil pump is not easy to use;

Troubleshooting: 1. Oil heating; 2 Turn on the switch; 3 Stop the crusher and replace the oil pump;

Fault 3: Oil return Volume reduction, Oil level Significantly reduced

Fault reason: 1. The crusher bottom cover leaks oil; two Drive bearing Oil leakage of shell flange; 3. Spherical bearing Stay ring The slot is blocked or Oiling Too much, oil leaks from the dust-proof device

Troubleshooting: 1. 2 Stop the machine, find out the cause and eliminate it, and then add oil to the oil tank; (3) Shut down and clean Oil ring Tank, adjust the oil supply and add oil to the oil tank

Fault 4: The oil temperature exceeds 55 ℃, but the oil pressure does not rise

Fault cause: the eccentric shaft sleeve is defective;

Troubleshooting: Stop the machine and check the straight bushing and tapered bushing, find out the cause of the fault and clear it

Fault 5: When the oil pressure rises, the oil temperature also rises

Fault cause: oil pipe or internal oil circuit of crusher is blocked

Troubleshooting: Stop the machine, find out the blockage and remove it

Fault 6: Slave cooler Oil temperature out exceeds 45 ℃

Failure reason: 1. No cooling water ； 2. High cooling water temperature; 3. The cooler is blocked.

Troubleshooting: supply cooling water; Check whether the water pressure is too low, increase the pressure as much as possible, and check the cooling water temperature; Clean the cooler.

Fault 7: There is water in the oil and the oil volume in the oil tank increases

Cause of fault: water pressure in cooler is higher than oil pressure

Operation and maintenance

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1. Preparation before starting

(1) Get dressed coverall , Wear safety hat , gloves, masks, etc Protective equipment 。

(2) Check whether the screws of each part are loose, whether there are obstacles around the motor equipment, whether there are ores or sundries in the crushing chamber, correct the tension of the belt, and tighten all spring screws.

(3) Check whether the clearance of ore discharge port meets the requirements. The clearance of PYS-D1324 cone ore break and discharge opening is kept at 30-45 mm, and that of PYS-D1608 cone ore break and discharge opening is kept at 13-15 mm.

(4) Check whether the power supply is normal protection system Whether it is intact

2. In operation

(1) Start first when the oil temperature is heated to 25-30 degrees Oil pump motor After 5-10 minutes, check lubrication system The oil pressure is 0.11-0.18Mp, observe Oil return pipe Oil return is normal, Oil quality Start after meeting the requirements Main motor 。

(2) Check that the temperature of the oil supply and return pipeline in the lubrication station does not exceed 50 ℃ every hour, the oil return volume is sufficient, and the oil level in the oil tank is normal. Lubrication pipeline or Oil pump The cone body is free of oil leakage.

(3) After the crusher runs at no load for 1-2 minutes, the belt can be opened and ore feeding can be started. The ore feeding can be full. Pay attention to whether the ore feeding is normal, especially for the ore with much mud and high water content. Prevent the ore from blocking the ore feeding port.

(4) Pay attention to the ore feeding chute Whether the crushing chamber and ore discharge funnel are blocked. Prevent non crushed materials from entering the crushing chamber. If any metal objects fall into the crusher, stop immediately to take them out.

(5) During operation, Frequent inspection The thin oil lubrication system shall maintain the height of the oil level in the oil tank, and the output oil pressure shall not be lower than the rated oil pressure (0.8Kg/cm2), and the return oil temperature shall not be higher than 45 ℃.

(6) Check equipment, dust-proof water pipe Cooling water pipe Whether it is good. Always listen to the crusher Bevel gear Whether the sound of rotation is normal, and whether the sound of motor operation is normal. Observe the current of main motor, which is not allowed to exceed Rated current The motor temperature is lower than 60 ℃.

3. Parking

(1) During normal shutdown, ore feeding shall be stopped first, and the main motor can be stopped only after all ores in the crusher are discharged, and the oil pump motor shall be stopped finally.

(2) After shutdown, carefully check all parts of the crusher, and timely deal with problems found.

4. Precautions

(1) Pay attention to prevent excessive oil pressure. If the oil pressure exceeds 2 kg/cm2, it will splash out and hurt people.

(2) Check during operation to ensure that coupling protection cover In good condition, prevent coupling screws from shaking off and flying out to hurt people; Prevent the connection from being stretched and oil splashing out to hurt people when the pressure is too high.

Overhaul and maintenance

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The maintenance of cone crusher includes regular maintenance, minor maintenance, Medium maintenance And overhaul maintenance interval Generally, it can be arranged according to the following table

Service time/year	Repair sequence	Interval/month			Maintenance time/day
Service time/year	Repair sequence	Minor repair	Medium maintenance	Overhaul	Medium maintenance	Overhaul
20-25	Small, small, small, medium	3-4	18-24	48-120	three	7-10

maintenance overhaul

In addition to major, medium and minor repairs as required, the cone crusher shall be regularly overhauled every 35-45. The contents include:

1 Check the spherical bearing;

2 Check the wear of straight bushing and taper bushing;

3 Check and adjust the gear engagement clearance;

4 Check the transmission bearing bush Clearance;

5 Check and clean the liquid device and Lubrication device ;

6 Check and clean the sealing device and dust ring;

7 Repair or replace some small parts

Medium maintenance

The main contents of medium maintenance include:

1. Including all minor repair items;

2. Replace large or small Bevel gear ;

3. Replace the transmission bearing bush and spherical bearing bush;

4. Check spherical bearing seat and eccentricity axle sleeve Clearance between upper end faces;

5. Check or partially replace the spring and spring bolt;

6. Check the wear of spherical bearing seat and body, moving cone and main shaft fitting parts, and replace them if necessary. Each intermediate repair of the above items may not be carried out completely. Select the test items according to the actual situation

Overhaul

Major overhaul contents include:

1. Including various contents of medium maintenance;

2. Disassembly inspection, measurement, repair or replacement of all parts;

3 Check, repair or replace the adjusting ring, supporting ring, spring and spring bolt;

4. Calibrate the Technical performance Technical transformation can be carried out according to specific conditions

formulate Maintenance cycle There are two methods: one is based on how many tons of ore are crushed; The second is to determine according to how long the load runs.

Minor repair

The main contents of minor repair include:

1. Including items of regular maintenance;

2. Check, repair or replace the spherical pad (spherical bearing)

3. Repair or replace the big and small bevel gears transmission shaft And bearing bush;

4. Repair or replace eccentric shaft sleeve, taper sleeve and straight sleeve;

5. Repair the thread of adjusting ring and supporting ring;

6. Filter or replace lubricating oil;

Each minor repair of the above items may not be carried out completely, but shall be selected according to the actual situation.

Maintenance precautions

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No matter which method is used, it should be formulated in combination with the actual production conditions of the unit, because the maintenance cycle of the crusher is related to many factors. Such as the maintenance quality of the crusher, Operation rate , Load capacity The strength of ore and the amount of large ore, as well as the quality of maintenance, etc. Therefore, the length of maintenance cycle of the crusher varies from plant to plant. For example, the raw ore is very hard and too large, Ore block Too much load. The maintenance cycle of the crusher is very short. In general, the maintenance of the crusher should be combined Concentrator The actual situation, together with the conscientious and responsible work of the staff, is the installation service of the cone crusher.

1 The quantity of parts must be counted before installation. Check and remove the machining surface and thread of each part Handling And remove the protective coating applied on the processing surface during packaging, as well as the dust and dirt falling during transportation.

2 During installation, apply dry oil on the fixed contact surface and thin oil on the movable surface.

3 Crusher must be installed in a stable reinforced concrete The depth of the foundation can be determined by the user according to the local geological conditions.

4 In order to avoid the accumulation of crushed ores, there must be enough space under the foundation for installation Transportation equipment 。

5 In order to prevent the foundation from being damaged, the upper part of the foundation must be covered with a guard board, which shall be provided by the user.

5. Rack installation

(1) When installing the rack, the verticality and levelness shall be kept strictly. The leveler and Pendant Check the centerline of the base.

(2) Adjust with Wedge iron After adjusting the level of the base screw Tighten for the second time Oaring 。

(3) When the secondary grouting layer is hardened, take out the adjusting wedge under the crusher base, fill the gap with cement, and then install the frame

6. Installation of transmission shaft

(1) When installing the cone crusher drive shaft Flange flange On the cushion Adjusting shim 。

(2) After the transmission shaft is installed, check the dimensions related to the transmission gear with a sample plate.

Note: For more maintenance of cone crusher, see cone crusher an instruction manual 。

Hot installation of hammer head

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Technical guarantee for hot assembly: ① Before heating the cone, use it on the support frame level Find the right cone to keep it level and stable; ② After the main shaft is lifted by crane, it must be ensured that it is connected with the cone Centerline And level Vertical; ③ Connect the measuring bore. take Internal caliper The size is adjusted in advance to compare with the main shaft Actual size 0.50-0.40mm larger, when the cone aperture shrinks to this value, quickly install the spindle; ④ After the main shaft and cone are assembled, use the prepared Slag powder Cover the spherical part at the bottom of the cone;

expectation

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The mine development is gradually increasing, and the manual or mechanical work is valuable Natural mineral The key to the exploitation of resources is ore crushing, and the processed ores are used in metallurgy, construction, chemical and other industries. With the national construction expand domestic demand , infrastructure construction is increased, so the sand, gravel and related Crusher The demand for machinery increases sharply, and the market prospect of cone crushing is broad.

Cone crusher is an advanced high power Crushing ratio , High productivity Hydraulic crusher. It is widely used, especially in super Fine laceration Crush hard rock, ore, slag, refractory, etc. Cone crusher is composed of main parts such as frame, adjusting device, adjusting sleeve, crushing cone, transmission and eccentric sleeve, and auxiliary parts such as electrical and lubrication. The machine is divided into cone crusher (coarse breakage) Intermediate crushing cone crusher (medium failure) and Fine crushing cone crusher (Fine crushing) three kinds, cone crusher, suitable for crushing all kinds of ores and rocks with medium or higher hardness. Cone crushing has larger Operation efficiency And crushing capacity, which helps to improve the economic sustained development And progress. The advantage design and superior performance of this machine are the fundamental reasons for the great application prospect of cone crushing in crushing industry. The market of cone crusher manufacturing industry in China is very wide, including mining, construction, water conservancy, metallurgy, coal mining, glass and other industries. The most important application area It is the cement industry, paving and mining, and the crushing applied in these industries accounts for about 31% of the whole industry respectively.

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