Interdisciplinary

Integrating disciplines

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Interdisciplinary, Disciplines The code is "14", which refers to interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary integration A number of interdisciplinary disciplines have gradually formed, such as the intersection of chemistry and physics physical chemistry and Chemical Physics , the intersection of chemistry and biology has formed biochemistry and Chemical biology , physics and biology intersect to form Biophysics Etc. The continuous development of these cross disciplines has greatly promoted scientific progress Therefore, interdisciplinary research reflects the trend of science towards comprehensive development.^[1]

Chinese name: Interdisciplinary
Causes: Interdisciplinary
Research results: formation Emerging disciplines
Research trends: Science develops towards comprehensiveness
Discipline characteristics: Interdisciplinary integration 、 Interdisciplinary 、 Interdisciplinary integration
Discipline attribute: Emerging disciplines 、 Emerging interdisciplinary

Discipline: Cross discipline
Similar concepts: Cross disciplinary integration 、 Integrating disciplines
Related disciplines: Robotics 、 Artificial Intelligence 、 Big Data Discipline 、 Intelligent Science Design^[19-20]
Category code: fourteen
Noun attribute: Disciplines

catalog

brief introduction

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Interdisciplinary refers to the relationship between different disciplines Cross each other , fusion and infiltration Emerging disciplines 。 Cross disciplines can be natural science and Humanities and Social Sciences The emerging disciplines formed by the intersection between natural sciences and humanities and social sciences can also be the emerging disciplines formed by the intersection of different branches of natural sciences and humanities and social sciences Technical science It is a new discipline formed by crossing different branches of humanities and social sciences.

The development of modern science, especially the major discoveries in science, and the importance of the national economy and people's livelihood social problem The solution to the problem often involves the intersection and mutual penetration of different disciplines.

In August 2020, "interdisciplinary" will become the second major in philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine Military science , management and art " Disciplines 。^[2]

National Natural Science Foundation of China Official website of the Commission“ Institutional setup ”One column display in mathematical physics Science Department, Chemical Science Department, Life Science Department Earth science Department, engineering and material science In addition to the eight traditional departments, namely, the Ministry of Information Science, the Ministry of Management Science and the Ministry of Medical Sciences Cross science Ministry. Chen Yongjun is the Executive Deputy Director of the Department of Cross Science. Academician of CAS Tang Chao Served as the first director of the Cross Science Department of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.^[3]^[17]

Interdisciplinary integration It is an inevitable trend of future scientific development and an acceleration technological innovation The importance of drive 。 The establishment of the Cross Science Department of NSFC is an important innovative measure to promote the prosperity and development of cross science, which is in line with the development of science and technology Innovative concept Conform to the cross disciplinary development trend.^[4]

National Academy of Sciences In the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Research (2005), it was explained that "it is not just the combination of two disciplines to create a product, but the integration and synthesis of ideas and methods. Such research is truly interdisciplinary research".^[15]

At present, interdisciplinary has gradually become the source of scientific and technological innovation and an irreplaceable part of the scientific era Research Paradigm 。^[12]

Discipline code

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December 30, 2020, the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council 、 ministry of education Publish《 Notice on the Establishment of "Interdisciplinary" Category, "Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering" and "National Safety" Level I Discipline 》(Degree [2020] No. 30), according to《 Measures for the Establishment and Management of Academic Degree Award and Talent Training Subject Directory 》After expert argumentation and approval of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, it was decided to set up the category of "interdisciplinary"（ The category code is "14" ）、“ Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering ”First level discipline (discipline code is "1401") and“ national security studies ”First level discipline (discipline code is "1402").^[5]

In January 2021, the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the Ministry of Education issued a notice to set up a new category of "interdisciplinary" China 14th Disciplines^[1] 。

Strategic initiatives

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Currently, Interdisciplinary integration It is the trend of the times and attracts worldwide attention, but opportunities and challenges coexist. How to promote Research on interdisciplinary integration It has always been a common problem and challenge for science funding institutions around the world. For a country like China that is a latecomer in science, Cross study It is more difficult. However, to strengthen interdisciplinary research and seek new research paradigms Future technology The only way for rapid development is also an important way for China to achieve self-reliance in science and technology. Must get rid of Inertial thinking Seize the opportunity of scientific research paradigm change, gather strength to refine the major direction of cross disciplinary research in China, and vigorously promote cross disciplinary research.

Cross science The Ministry should strengthen the coordination and deployment of major strategic needs and cross cutting fields of emerging science; Establish interdisciplinary integration funding mechanism and Resource allocation mode To promote multidisciplinary and comprehensive Complex problems Collaborative research; Respect the characteristics of different disciplines and encourage Personality development , break the traditional shackles, promote in-depth cross integration, and strive to form new disciplinary growth points and new Research Paradigm And cultivate innovative interdisciplinary talents for the country.^[4]

social meaning

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There are two reasons for the newly established interdisciplinary categories in China:

First, based on Knowledge production Needs. Compared with a single discipline with clear boundaries in the past, cross disciplines are more likely to produce creative achievements because they can provide a more diversified theoretical basis and perspective. And with Modern science and technology The more cutting-edge and cutting-edge research needs to break through the limitations of a single discipline, while interdisciplinary thinking and joint efforts are likely to succeed.

The second is based on the needs of talent training. In colleges and universities, the establishment and adjustment of disciplines, in the final analysis, lies in social needs The type of talents has changed, and colleges and universities need to respond in a timely manner. Therefore, the new interdisciplinary categories established by the state also guide colleges and universities to adjust the disciplinary layout from the perspective of policy, and then educate people through disciplines to cultivate the urgently needed social Specialists 。^[3]

Development at home and abroad

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U.S.A University of Texas Professor Alan Ripke《 How to conduct interdisciplinary research 》As mentioned in the book, the root cause is the lack of "systematic implementation" of cross disciplines in university management organizations. "Universities tend to regard interdisciplinary work as a trend rather than a real change. As a result, interdisciplinary work is carried out in a piecemeal, unorganized and improvised manner rather than a comprehensive and thorough reform."

Cross disciplinary crossing in China scientific research institution Due to the shorter development time, there are still many problems in colleges and universities.

Tsinghua University Research Institute According to a study of the University of Science and Technology, the evaluation mechanism and Assessment and incentive mechanism Not yet fully established; The department encourages teachers to work part-time and cross discipline Cross study Insufficient working power; Resource allocation The reform of mode still needs further exploration; Teachers' part-time job across departments management system It has not been widely used; The training mechanism of interdisciplinary students is not perfect; The promotion mechanism of major projects is still in the process of forming.

In this situation, if China wants to make breakthroughs in the field of interdisciplinary talent training, There is a long way to go 。^[15]

Discipline law

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Scientific New theory Production of new inventions Engineering technology The emergence of "," is often at the edge or intersection of disciplines. Attaching importance to interdisciplinary will enable science itself to develop to a deeper and higher level, which is consistent with the existence of nature objective law Of.

On November 11, 2008, in 2008 Nobel Prize At the Winner Beijing Forum, Chinese Turing Award winner Yao Jizhi It is pointed out that: Interdisciplinary integration It is the key to the development of information technology: when different disciplines and theories cross and combine, and a new technology reaches maturity Emergence theory Breakthroughs and technological innovations.

Nobel Prize and interdisciplinary

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Nobel Prize The 120 year history highlights the fact that natural science increasingly shows interdisciplinary Development trend 。 Modern science and technology The major breakthroughs, new growth points and the emergence of new disciplines are often formed in the process of the intersection and mutual penetration of different disciplines. Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary research It is of great significance for people to make original achievements and breakthroughs in science and technology, and our demand for it is stronger than ever before.

The cross-border color of the Nobel Prize is not people's intuitive feelings, there are many Nobel Prize in Natural Science Awarded statistical analysis This proves it.

According to statistics, 356 items were awarded from 1901 to 2008 Nobel Prize in Natural Science Among the awards, there are 185 cross research achievements, accounting for 52.0%. In different periods (1901-1920, 1921-1940, 1941-1960, 1961~1980, 1981~2000, 2001~2008), interdisciplinary research achievements were awarded Number of items In percentage 32.0%, 41.7%, 54.0%, 56.8%, 61.1% and 66.7% respectively. Prior to the 1950s, most of the Nobel Prize in Natural Science achievements belonged to a single discipline, while after the 1950s, most of the achievements were interdisciplinary.

There is also a new research, using the data from 1901 to 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The winners' award-winning achievements (papers) and the relevant data of their references identify the interdisciplinary trends and characteristics of Nobel Prize winning achievements. The results show that, in the 1940s and before, in the 1950s and 1970s, and in the 1980s and after Number of references There are about 12, 25 and 38 articles respectively, and the number of subjects involved in the achievement reference articles is about 5, 7 and 11 respectively. The number of knowledge and types of disciplines integrated by the award-winning achievements are on the rise.

More research finds that Nobel Prize winning scientists Representativeness Papers often have remarkable cross-border characteristics, and their characteristics are that they can well integrate the irrelevant and different themes Scientific papers Associated with. Nobel Prize winners have demonstrated their unique ability in practicing the role of "scientific intermediary", filling the existing structural loopholes in the research network.

Moreover, by examining the knowledge background of those award-winning scientists, researchers found that most of them have a wide range of interests, knowledge and theoretical background of multidisciplinary integration.

Hawking He once said: "The 21st century will be Complexity science " With 2021 The nobel prize in physics The three scientists are complicated system study This young and controversial field of "complex science" has entered the vision of more people. Interdisciplinary is complex scientific research The most important feature is that it was born to adapt to the inherent complexity of nature and society. All the scientists who have galloped in this field have not only cultivated in one discipline vertically, but also among many disciplines Horizontal migration 。

2020, Mathematics physical scientist Roger Penrose He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research work in the field of black holes. He is known as“ Theoretical physics His contributions span many fields of mathematics and physics. He introduced various complex mathematical skills into many branches of physics research, providing completely different research Mode of thinking 。

2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Granted Freeze electron microscope Three pioneers of technology, about Achim Frank As a biophysicist, he has won the chemistry prize, which is particularly eye-catching.

But people familiar with the history of Nobel Prize know that, like Frank, he entered from physics life sciences There are numerous awards in research fields. For example, due to the establishment of DNA double helix structure model In 1962 Physiology or Medicine Award Of Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins ； Due to the proposed measurement DNA in Nucleotide sequence And won the 1980 Chemistry Prize Walter Gilbert ； Because of the establishment crystal Electron microscopy Determination of nucleic acid - Protein complex Structure and won the 1982 Chemistry Prize Aaron Klug ； Due to the determination of bacteria photosynthesis Reaction center Of three-dimensional structure John Dyson Hover, who won the 1988 Chemistry Prize, and so on.^[15]

reason

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Cross disciplinary projects usually originate from the understanding that a single discipline cannot or does not intend to study some important issues. For example, social sciences Anthropology and sociology in the discipline usually do not attach importance to research Scientific and technological progress Impact on society; Therefore, many social scientists who are interested in this are interested in participating in science and technical study Project; Such multidisciplinary cooperation projects usually consist of scholars from different fields (such as anthropology, history, philosophy, sociology or women's studies). However, there are also many cross disciplines originating from new research directions, such as Nanotechnology Etc. Only after integrating the knowledge of several disciplines and research method These research directions are likely to be successful. For example, quantum information processing integrates Quantum physics And computer science, while bioinformatics molecular biology Introduced computer science Domain.

Natural science and social science can also be combined and developed to form a new intersection Marginal discipline , such as evolution Finance Evolutionary Finance is a branch of biology and finance that has sprung up in recent years Marginal science , Evolution Securities It is a marginal discipline between biology and securities. In addition, Technical science and social sciences They can also combine with each other to form new interdisciplinary disciplines, such as Cyberlinguistics namely network technique And language science Emerging interdisciplinary , the discipline is composed of well-known Chinese scholars Zhou Haizhong The professor first proposed it, and it was concerned and affirmed by the academic community.^[6]

2009 Peking University The following three cross disciplines introduced in the enrollment introduction of key cross disciplines are emerging disciplines formed by the integration of other natural disciplines, technical sciences and social disciplines, and each of them involves computer science:

Introduction to interdisciplinary majors
2009 Key Interdisciplinary	Introduction	Enrollment specialty
biomedical engineering	Biomedical engineering aims to study and solve relevant problems in biology and medicine by means of technology and engineering. It is an interdisciplinary discipline integrating biology, medicine and engineering technology, and belongs to the field of high-tech research.	Candidates in chemistry, biology, medicine, computer science, electronics, physics, mechanics and other disciplines are welcome to apply or enter for the exam.
Nanoscience and Technology	Generally, materials in the size range of 1 – 100 nm are different from traditional bulk materials and have many strange properties. It is an important part of nanotechnology to explore the changing law of material properties with scale and develop new materials and devices, which has become the development frontier of high-tech fields in the 21st century.	Excellent fresh undergraduate graduates majoring in electronics, physics, chemistry, material science, microelectronics, computer science, etc. are welcome to apply.
Bioinformatics	Bioinformatics is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary of life science and computing science. It mainly manages, integrates, analyzes, and simulates massive biological data through research and development and application of computer technology and mathematical and statistical methods, solves important biological problems, clarifies new biological laws, and obtains innovative discoveries that cannot be obtained by traditional biological means.	In 2009, bioinformatics continued to recruit students as one of the biology (bioinformatics) majors of the College of Life Sciences. Welcome candidates from biology, computer science, mathematics, statistics, physics, chemistry, etc.

Table 1: Introduction to the enrollment of key interdisciplinary subjects of Peking University in 2009

The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Jin Wulun The researchers summarized it into the following three aspects, as shown in the table below:

Interdisciplinary advantages
-	Advantages of interdisciplinary
（1）	It integrates the paradigms of different disciplines, promotes the research in fields neglected by professional disciplines in the past, and breaks the monopoly of specialization
（2）	Increased exchanges among disciplines and formed many new disciplines
（3）	It has created a research model centered on "problem solving" research and promoted the solution of many important practical problems

subject

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computer science

U.S.A University of Pennsylvania Developed on February 14, 1946 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator, electronic digital integrator And calculator) is the world's first multifunctional Electronic digital computer 。 And the earliest computer science degree course By the United States purdue university It was opened in 1962.

artificial intelligence Marvin Minsky, one of the pioneers of AI, expressed his high expectations for the future development of computer science: like mathematics, computer science has expanded to other fields, but computer science also has its own life. In my opinion, computer science is an almost new discipline, which may become like physics and mathematics (Minsky, 1979).

In the last three decades of the twentieth century, computer science, as a discipline, has made a lot of landmark scientific achievements and achieved amazing development. It has expanded from a single course once considered as only a programming course to include abstract algorithm analysis , formal grammar, etc., to more specific topics such as programing language , programming, software and hardware. Computer science is closely related to many disciplines such as electronic engineering, mathematics, economics and linguistics. There are obvious cross disciplines among these disciplines, so many new cross disciplines have emerged: artificial intelligence, e-commerce computer graphics wait. December 2001 IEEE -CS and ACM Jointly completed on the subject of computing Teaching plan (Computing Curvula 2001) Computer Science The branch fields are divided into 14 main fields, almost all of which involve the intersection and connection of multiple disciplines.

Robotics

Robotics Institute During construction, all units will give full play to Own advantages , explore innovative ways of talent selection and training, carry out cooperative teaching and talent training, and jointly promote Robotics Cross integration with relevant disciplines to Industry, education and research Combined characteristic development mode to support robots Discipline construction 、 Industrial development 。^[7]

Artificial Intelligence

On April 22, 2019, Hillhouse School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China Establishment, Hillhouse College of Artificial Intelligence yes Renmin University of China Secondary college, undertaking Artificial Intelligence And carry out undergraduate, master and doctoral talent training and scientific research in this discipline and related interdisciplinary fields.^[8]

Big Data Discipline

On October 8, 2015, Big Data College of Fudan University 、 Fudan University Big Data Research Institute It was officially inaugurated. Newly established Big Data College In mathematics, statistics, computer, life science, medicine, economics, sociology, communication, etc Interdisciplinary integration On the basis of, we will focus on big data discipline construction, research and application, and training of interdisciplinary talents. In terms of discipline construction, Big Data College and Research Institute are committed to China and even the world Big Data Discipline And promote big data science and technology to become a national First level discipline 。^[9]

Self established interdisciplinary

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences List of independent cross disciplines (as of May 31, 2019):^[10]

Nanoscience and technology (affiliated with first-class disciplines: physics, chemistry, biology, material science and engineering)

Social Computing (Affiliated to the first level discipline: Control Science and Engineering , computer science and technology Management Science and Engineering ）

Bioinformatics (affiliated with first-class disciplines: mathematics, biology, computer science and technology)

Economic calculation and simulation (affiliated with first-class discipline: system science , statistics, computer science and technology, management science and engineering, agricultural and forestry economic management)

Food Safety And health (affiliated with first-class disciplines: chemistry, biology, environmental science and engineering)

regenerative medicine (Affiliated to the first level discipline: Biology Basic Medicine Pharmacy)

Biomimetic interface interdisciplinary science (affiliated with first-class disciplines: physics, chemistry, biology, material science and engineering)

Life Science and Medicine

Interdisciplinary has gradually become technological innovation And become an irreplaceable source in the scientific era Research Paradigm 。 and life sciences And Medical Science The field has become the "main front" of multidisciplinary frontier research.

neuroscience And management science Crossing Brain Science Research should be related to clinical nerves Discipline integration , interdisciplinary integration to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of mental diseases.

The development of medicine is accompanied by the progress and innovation of science and technology traditional medicine , to digital image , big data, surgical robot and other new technologies modern medicine 。 Medical technology innovation requires not only medical thinking, but also Engineering thinking And other disciplines. Different disciplines collide with each other Cross innovation New medical technology 。^[12]

Group medicine^[14] , is integration Basic Medicine 、 clinical medicine 、 preventive medicine 、 rehabilitation medicine The interdisciplinary.^[13]

Planetary science

Planetary science It is a first-class interdisciplinary subject approved by the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council.^[16]

List of interdisciplinary subjects

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List of cross disciplines set up by ordinary colleges and universities (As of May 31, 2019):

List of interdisciplinary subjects in Chinese universities
School name	Name of interdisciplinary	First level discipline involved (ranking in no particular order)
Peking University	Energy and resource engineering	Chemistry, Mechanics, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Chinese studies	Philosophy, Applied Economics, Law, Political Science, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History, Archaeology, Theoretical Economics, Sociology, Public Management, Artistic Theory
-	Data science	Mathematics, statistics, computer science and technology, software engineering, public health and preventive medicine
-	Integrating life sciences	Psychology, physics, chemistry, biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Nanoscience and Technology	Physics, Chemistry, Mechanics, Electronic Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
Renmin University of China	Financial engineering	Applied Economics, Mathematics
-	Risk Management and Actuarial Science	Applied Economics, Mathematics
-	Labor Relations	Applied Economics, Law
-	Theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics	Philosophy, theoretical economics, political science, Marxist theory
-	Ancient Chinese Literature Search	Philosophy, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Urban and rural development and planning	Sociology, Chinese history, public management
-	Sustainable development management	Applied economics, agricultural and forestry economic management, public management
-	Environmental policy and management	Environmental Science and Engineering, Public Management
-	Food safety management	Law, food science and engineering, agricultural and forestry economic management, public management
Tsinghua University	Information Art Design	Journalism and Communication, Computer Science and Technology, Design
-	Environmental Science and New Energy Technology	Materials Science and Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Data science and information technology	Instrument Science and Technology, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Sociology, Design, Applied Economics
-	Precision medicine and public health	Biology, Instrument Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
-	global leadership	Applied Economics, Political Science, Sociology, Business Administration, Public Management
Beijing Jiaotong University	information safety	Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
Beijing University of Technology	Resource environment and circular economy	Applied Economics, Materials Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics	Airworthiness design of aircraft	Mechanics, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Aerospace Science and Technology
-	Space technology applications	Instrument science and technology, electronic science and technology, information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, aerospace science and technology, law, management science and engineering, transportation engineering
-	Quantum scientific instrument	Physics, Optical Engineering, Instrument Science and Technology, Control Science and Engineering
-	artificial intelligence	Computer science and technology, software engineering, control science and engineering, mechanical engineering, transportation engineering
-	Integrated Circuit Design	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
-	Energy economy and management	Statistics, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Management Science and Engineering
-	Cultural communication and management	Education, Public Management, Design
-	New energy vehicle engineering	Mechanical engineering, power engineering, engineering thermophysics, transportation engineering
-	Airworthiness technology and management	Mechanics, mechanical engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics, transportation engineering, aerospace science and technology, computer science and technology
Beijing University of Technology	Digital performance	Optical Engineering, Software Engineering, Design
-	Industrial and Systems Engineering	Mathematics, Statistics, Mechanical Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	National Economic Mobilization	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Energy and Climate Economy	Applied Economics, Mechanical Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Optoelectronic micro nano manufacturing	Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Optical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering
-	Integration of medical engineering	Chemical Engineering and Technology, Aerospace Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
Beijing Institute of Printing	Image Science and Engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Information and Communication Engineering
Beijing Jianzhu University	Architectural heritage protection	Architecture, civil engineering, surveying and mapping science and technology, environmental science and engineering
Beijing Forestry University	Ecological civilization construction and management	Ecology, forestry, agricultural and forestry economic management
Peking Union Medical College	Medical Informatics	Biomedical engineering, basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine, library information and archives management
-	Bioethics	Biology, Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Medicine, Public Health and Preventive Medicine
Beijing Normal University	Human Resources Management	Theoretical economics, psychology, public management
Capital Normal University	Classical education of Chinese culture	Pedagogy, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Chinese education	Pedagogy, psychology, Chinese language and literature
-	Cultural and creative industries and media literacy education	Philosophy, pedagogy, Chinese language and literature
-	History Pedagogy	Pedagogy, archaeology, Chinese history, world history
-	Geography Pedagogy	Pedagogy, psychology, geography
-	Biopedagogy	Education, Biology, Ecology
Beijing Foreign Studies University	Regionalism	Law, Politics, Foreign Language and Literature, Journalism and Communication, Management Science and Engineering
-	Studies in Asia and Africa	Law, Politics, Foreign Language and Literature, Journalism and Communication
Beijing International Studies University	International cultural trade	Applied Economics, Foreign Language and Literature, Business Administration
Communication University of China	culture industry	Journalism, art theory, music and dance, drama and film, design, art
-	new media	Journalism and Communication, Information and Communication Engineering
-	Art and Science	Information and communication engineering, art theory, music and dance, drama and film and television, design, art
-	Internet information	Journalism and Communication, Information and Communication Engineering, Drama and Film, Design
Central University of Finance and Economics	Economic information management	Applied Economics, Statistics, Business Administration
-	Management of multinational companies	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Business Administration
University of International Business and Economics	Law and Economics	Applied Economics, Law
-	Global value chain	Applied Economics, Statistics, Business Administration
-	Public policy and management	Business Administration, Applied Economics, Law
-	Electronic Commerce and Information Management	Business Administration, Applied Economics, Statistics
Beijing Material College	Human resources development and management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Capital University of Economics and Business	Labor relations	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Urban Economy and Strategic Management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	legal economics	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Media operation and management	Applied Economics, Statistics, Business Administration
Beijing Film Academy	Animation	Art theory, drama, film and television, art
China University of Political Science and Law	Criminal psychology	Law, sociology, psychology
-	Rule of law culture	Law, Political Science, Marxist Theory
-	Global Studies	Law, Political Science, Marxist Theory
-	State Supervision	Law, Political Science, Marxist Theory
-	Political Sociology	Law, Political Science, Marxist Theory
Nankai University	Environmental history	Archaeology, Chinese history, world history
-	mathematical economics	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Mathematics
-	Bioinformatics	Mathematics, Biology
-	Service science and management	Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration, Library and Information and Archives Management
Tianjin University	wind engineering	Mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, water conservancy engineering, ship and ocean engineering
-	Environmental energy engineering	Power engineering and engineering thermophysics, chemical engineering and technology, environmental science and engineering
-	Synthetic Biology	Chemistry, Biology, Computer Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Urban landscape hydrology and ecological engineering technology	Water conservancy engineering, environmental science and engineering, landscape architecture
Tianjin University of Science and Technology	Fermented food and health	Light Industry Technology and Engineering, Food Science and Engineering
-	Food safety engineering	Control Science and Engineering, Food Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
Civil Aviation University of China	Aircraft airworthiness certification project	Materials Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Aerospace Science and Technology, Safety Science and Engineering
-	Air transport big data engineering	Information and communication engineering, control science and engineering, computer science and technology, transportation engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Flight technology and safety	Information and communication engineering, control science and engineering, transportation engineering, aerospace science and technology, safety science and engineering
Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine	Health management	Traditional Chinese Medicine, Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Management Science and Engineering
-	hospital management	Traditional Chinese Medicine, Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Management Science and Engineering
North China Electric Power University	Renewable energy and clean energy	Power engineering, engineering thermophysics, electrical engineering
North China University of Technology	Medical Bioinformatics	Mathematics, Control Science and Engineering, Basic Medicine
-	Computational Materials Physics	Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	Information processing and intelligent control	Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	Biomolecular omics	Mathematics, Control Science and Engineering, Basic Medicine
-	Occupational health and safety	Safety Science and Engineering, Basic Medicine, Public Health and Preventive Medicine
-	Public Health Chemistry	Chemical Engineering and Technology, Safety Science and Engineering, Public Health and Preventive Medicine
-	Medical Experimental Technology	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine
Hebei Medical University	Environment and Health	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
Hebei Normal University	Numismatics	Archaeology, Chinese history, geography
Shanxi University	Resource Recycling Science and Engineering	Chemistry, Biology, Environmental Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Herbal Biology	Chemistry, Biology History of Science and Technology
Taiyuan University of Science and Technology	Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Structural Design	Mechanics, Material Science and Engineering
-	Science and technology of environmental remediation materials	Materials Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
Central North University	Complex system modeling and simulation	Instrument Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Weapon Science and Technology
Taiyuan University of Technology	Optoelectronic Materials and Devices	Materials Science and Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Instrument Science and Testing Technology	Mechanical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering, Safety Science and Engineering
-	Energy technology, economy and management	Electrical engineering, chemical engineering and technology, mining engineering, management science and engineering
-	Data Science and Technology	Mechanical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
Shanxi Medical University	Humanistic medicine	Biology clinical medicine 、 Public Health and Preventive Medicine Nursing
Shanxi University of Finance and Economics	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Liaoning University	science of judicial expertise	Law, Chemistry, Environmental Science and Engineering
Shenyang Ligong University	Optimization Theory and Process Control	Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Business Administration
Northeastern University	Biomechanical and Electronic Engineering	Biology, Mechanical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology
-	industrial engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Industrial Ecology	Metallurgical engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics, management science and engineering
-	Bioinformatics	Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
-	History of Metallurgical Engineering Science and Technology	Philosophy, Applied Economics, Metallurgical Engineering
-	Chemical biology	Physics, Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering
-	Philosophy of design art	Philosophy, mechanical engineering, computer science and technology, software engineering
-	New energy materials and technologies	Materials Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics
-	Robot Science and Engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
Shenyang Jianzhu University	Energy and Environmental Engineering	Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Urban water resources	Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Architectural heritage protection and landscape design	Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Design
-	Urban and rural ecological planning and disaster prevention	Civil Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering, Urban and Rural Planning
-	Land landscape planning and ecological restoration	Environmental Science and Engineering, Urban and Rural Planning, Landscape Architecture
-	Real estate development and community management	Civil engineering, environmental science and engineering, urban and rural planning, management science and engineering
China Medical University	Medical Experiment	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Fundamentals of Imaging	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Fundamentals of Gynecology and Obstetrics	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Experimental Oncology	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine
-	Clinical Nutrition	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine
-	Experimental Surgery	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
dalian medical university	Humanistic medicine	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
Jilin University	Law and Economics	Theoretical Economics, Law
-	Legal Politics	Law and Politics
-	Environmental management and environmental economy	Applied Economics, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Medical Informatics	Computer Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Public Management, Library Information and Archives Management
-	medical jurisprudence	Law, Public Health and Preventive Medicine
-	regenerative medicine	Materials Science and Engineering, Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Pharmacy
Harbin Medical Sciences University	Humanistic medicine	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy, public management
Tongji University	intellectual property right	Applied Economics, Biology, Computer Science and Technology, Business Administration, Design
-	Microelectronics Science and Engineering	Physics, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Software Engineering
-	Urban transportation	Civil engineering, surveying and mapping science and technology, transportation engineering, urban and rural planning, management science and engineering
Shanghai Jiaotong University	Neuroscience and Psychology	Law, Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Medicine, Public Management
-	Aerospace Systems Science and Engineering	Mechanics, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Biomedical Engineering
-	Food safety and nutrition science	Instrument science and technology, horticulture, clinical medicine
-	Animal Science and Engineering	Biology, Ecology, Environmental Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
-	Design Science and Engineering	Ecology, Mechanical Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
East China University of Science and Technology	Landscape planning and design	Materials Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering, Design
Donghua University	Enterprise Information System and Engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	History of Textile Science and Technology	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Textile Science and Engineering
-	Information and communication intelligent system	Control Science and Engineering, Textile Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Fashion Design and Innovation Project	Mechanical Engineering, Textile Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	New energy materials and devices	Materials Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Textile Science and Engineering
East China Normal University	public relations	Politics, sociology, journalism and communication, business administration, public administration
-	Speech auditory rehabilitation science	Pedagogy, Psychology, Biology, Electronic Science and Technology
-	Materials and Optoelectronics	Physics, Electronic Science and Technology
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics	credit management	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Business Administration
East China University of Political Science and Law	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Public Management
-	Law and Finance	Applied Economics, Law, Public Management
Shanghai University	information resources management	Chinese Language and Literature, Information and Communication Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Global Studies	Applied Economics, Sociology, World History
-	Digital Media Creative Engineering	Journalism and Communication, Information and Communication Engineering, Drama and Film and Television
-	Information management of urban public facilities	Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	New drugs and new materials	Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Computer Science and Technology
-	Language Culture and World Civilization	Chinese language and literature, journalism and communication, world history
-	Cultural Creativity	Chinese history, art theory, drama and film and television, art, design
-	Social Philosophy and Cultural Development	Sociology, Chinese history, art theory
-	Intelligent medical diagnosis and treatment	Control Science and Engineering, Information and Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering and Technology
Nanjing University	Health engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Clinical Medicine, Electronic Science and Technology, Physics, Chemistry
-	Art Culture	Philosophy, sociology, Chinese language and literature, world history, drama and film and television
-	Maritime border and maritime security	Law, Politics, Chinese History, World History
-	Integrating Psychological Science	Sociology, Biology, Basic Medicine
Suzhou University	Biomedical Electronic Information Engineering	Physics, optical engineering, computer science and technology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Media and cultural industry	Applied Economics, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Medical Psychology	Psychology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	New Energy Science and Engineering	Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Financial engineering	Applied Economics, Mathematics, Statistics
-	Medical Systems Biology	Mathematics, Computer Science and Technology, Basic Medicine
-	Laser Manufacturing Engineering	Optical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
-	Nanomaterials and technology	Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Basic Medicine
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics	Precision drive and vibration utilization	Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering, Instrument Science and Technology, Material Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	Space bionics science and technology	Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Aerospace Science and Technology
-	Detection and imaging	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
Nanjing University of Technology	Smart Grid and Control	Electrical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
Nanjing University of Technology	Energy saving materials and engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Industrial biocatalysis	Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	biological materials	Material Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	Smart City and Intelligent Transportation	Civil engineering, safety science and engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics
changzhou university	Digital Oil and Gas Engineering and Control	Computer Science and Technology, Oil and Gas Engineering, Software Engineering
-	Photoelectric information materials	Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Food Safety	Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Safety Science and Engineering
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications	Optoelectronic Information Engineering	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
-	Information acquisition and control	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
Nanjing Medical University	Humanistic medicine	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine, nursing
-	Health policy and management	Clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine, nursing
-	Clinical Medical Engineering	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, stomatology, public health and preventive medicine
Nanjing Normal University	Environmental geography	Geography, ecology
-	Education leadership and management	Education, Management Science and Engineering
-	Teacher education	Pedagogy, mathematics, physics
-	Women's Pedagogy	Sociology, Pedagogy, Psychology
Nanjing University of Finance and Economics	Real Estate Management	Applied Economics, Business Administration
Zhejiang University	Confucian classics	Philosophy, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
Zhejiang Normal University	African Studies	Politics, sociology, pedagogy, world history
-	Children's literature	Pedagogy, Chinese language and literature, foreign language and literature
-	Education and social development in Africa	Pedagogy, Chinese language and literature, mathematics
Hangzhou Normal University	Legal Psychology	Law, Psychology
-	urbanology	Law, Chinese history, public administration
-	Public Cultural Management	Theories of Chinese Language and Literature, Public Management and Arts
Zhejiang Gongshang University	Circulation Economy and Management	Applied Economics, Statistics, Business Administration
-	Circulation Engineering and Technical Management	Statistics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Design management	Computer Science and Technology, Business Administration, Design
Anhui University	Harmonious development of culture, ecology and society	Law, Chinese history, ecology
University of Science and Technology of China	Data science	Mathematics, Computer Science and Technology, Statistics, Information and Communication Engineering, Biology
Hefei Polytechnic University	Integrated Circuits and Systems	Instrument Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
Anhui University of Technology	Secondary resource engineering of mining and metallurgy	Materials Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Material Chemistry and Technology	Materials Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Energy utilization and management	Power engineering and engineering thermophysics, management science and engineering, business administration
-	Public economic management	Applied Economics, Business Administration, Marxist Theory
-	Intellectual property creation and management	Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration, Marxist Theory
Anhui University of Science and Technology	Chemical safety	Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Safety Science and Engineering
-	traffic engineering	Civil engineering, mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
Anhui Normal University	Protection and utilization of document resources	Chinese language and literature, journalism and communication, Chinese history, computer science and technology
Xiamen University	Women/Gender Studies	Philosophy, law, pedagogy, Chinese language and literature, public management
-	Energy efficiency engineering	Applied Economics, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
-	Ocean affairs	Applied Economics, Law, Marine Science, Environmental Science and Engineering, Public Management
-	Ancient Chinese Literature Search	Philosophy, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Intellectual property management	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Law, Business Administration
-	Translational medicine	Biology, Instrument Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Pharmacy
-	Taiwan Studies	Law, Politics, Pedagogy, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Computational science	Mathematics, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Aerospace Engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Instrument Science and Technology, Electronic Science and Technology
Fuzhou University	New energy materials	Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Economic and Industrial System Management	Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Fujian Medical University	Humanistic medicine	Basic medicine, clinical medicine Public Health and Preventive Medicine Pharmacy
Fujian Normal University	Energy and Materials Engineering	Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Resource Recycling Science and Engineering	Theoretical Economics, Chemistry, Biology
-	Taiwan Cultural Studies	Chinese language and literature, Chinese history, music and dance, drama and film and television, art
Nanchang University	Microscale Science and Technology	Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Space Plasma Physics and Technology	Physics, Information and Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
Nanchang Hangkong University	Regional management and public policy	Marxist theory, management science and engineering, biomedical engineering
-	Processing and Testing Technology of Aviation Materials	Instrument science and technology, material science and engineering, aerospace science and technology
Jiangxi University of Technology	Mining trade and investment	Law, mining engineering, business administration
-	Law Administration	Law, Marxist Theory, Management Science and Engineering
-	Ecological design and technology	Marxist theory, mechanical engineering, computer science and technology
-	Resource Recycling Science and Engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Nanoengineering and resource recycling	Mechanical engineering, material science and engineering, metallurgical engineering, chemical engineering and technology, mining engineering
Jingdezhen Ceramic University	Sports Art and Aesthetics	Philosophy, archaeology, design
-	economics of art	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Fine Arts
-	Ceramic intellectual property protection	Materials Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering, Fine Arts, Design
-	Big data science and application	Statistics, Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine	Informatics of Traditional Chinese Medicine	Computer Science and Technology, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine
-	Ethnopharm	Traditional Chinese Medicine, Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine
Shandong University	Computational Medicine	Biology, computer science and technology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Individual identification diagnosis	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Chinese studies	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Political Science, Business Administration, Public Management, Law, Philosophy, Sociology, Chinese Language and Literature, Journalism and Communication, Archaeology, Chinese History
-	Data science	Mathematics, statistics, computer science and technology, public health and preventive medicine, civil engineering, sociology, law
-	artificial intelligence	Software engineering, control science and engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science and technology
Ocean University of China	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Marine Science, Business Administration
-	Marine electromechanical equipment and instrument	Marine science, mechanical engineering, control science and engineering, water conservancy engineering
-	Marine Mathematical Technology	Marine science, computer science and technology, software engineering
-	Agricultural economy and marine industry management	Business Administration, Applied Economics, Aquaculture
-	Marine Material Science and Engineering	Marine Science, Ecology, Environmental Science and Engineering
Shandong University of Science and Technology	Mine environmental engineering	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Mining Information Engineering	Mining engineering, management science and engineering, software engineering
Jinan University	Green energy power system	Physics, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
-	Energy Material Chemistry	Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Operation Research and Control Theory	Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
-	Sociology of Literary Communication	Sociology, Chinese Language and Literature, Computer Science and Technology
-	Calligraphy	Sociology, Chinese Language and Literature, Business Administration
-	Management of sports public utilities	Sociology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Management Science and Engineering
-	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	History of Cultural Industry	Applied Economics, Sociology, Business Administration
-	Art Market Management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Qilu University of Technology	New energy material chemistry	Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Light industrial machinery engineering	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	Photoelectric information materials	Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	Operations Research and Control Science	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Synthetic Leather Chemistry and Engineering	Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	Light industry engineering management	Light industry technology and engineering, food science and engineering, business administration
-	Sports industry management	Mechanical Engineering, Business Administration, Design
Shandong University of Finance and Economics	Public economy and policy	Applied Economics, Business Administration, Public Management
-	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Business Administration, Public Management
-	Financial Information Engineering	Applied Economics, Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
-	Mathematical finance	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Statistics
Henan University of Technology	Mining engineering materials	Mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Mining management engineering	Mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Gas geology and gas control	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Mine geotechnical engineering	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering
-	Mine construction engineering	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering
-	Coal and CBM engineering	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering
-	Coal geology and gas (coalbed methane) geology	Geological resources and geological engineering, mining engineering
-	Mining control engineering	Surveying and mapping science and technology, mining engineering, safety science and engineering
Henan University	Strategic Marketing	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells	Physics, Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology
-	Historic building protection	Archaeology, Material Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering
WuHan University	Drama, Film and Television Literature	Philosophy, Chinese language and literature, journalism and communication
-	Cultural industry management	Applied Economics, Public Management, Library Information and Archives Management
-	Macro quality management	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Public Management
-	Radio and Television Art Theory	Theories of Chinese Language and Literature, Journalism and Communication, and Arts
-	Health Economics	Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Data science	Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering, Library Information and Archives Management
-	Digital Media	Journalism and Communication, Software Engineering, Library and Information and Archives Management
Wuhan University of Science and Technology	Material Chemistry and Physics	Physics, Material Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Network information security	Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Software Engineering
Changjiang University	Agrogeology	Geological resources and geological engineering, oil and gas engineering, crop science
Wuhan Textile University	Exhibition Economy and Management	Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration, Design
-	Modern textile information technology	Computer Science and Technology, Textile Science and Engineering
-	Fashion brand management	Business Administration, Design
-	Digital Media Art	Computer Science and Technology, Design
-	Detection technology and system	Mechanical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology
Wuhan Polytechnic University	Selenium Science and Engineering	Food Science and Engineering, Pharmacy, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Business Administration
Hubei University of Technology	Waterproof materials and works	Mechanics, Material Science and Engineering
Huazhong Agricultural University	biomass energy	Biology, Crop Science
Central China Normal University	Ancient Chinese Literature Search	Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Cultural Resources and Cultural Industry	Chinese language and literature, Chinese history, management science and engineering, public management
-	Educational Information Technology	Education, Management Science and Engineering
-	Digital Media Technology	Computer Science and Technology, Design
-	Cultural Communication	Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Chinese information processing	Chinese Language and Literature, Management Science and Engineering
-	Science Communication and Science Education	Education, journalism and communication, Chinese history, physics, management science and engineering, philosophy
Xiangtan University	intellectual property right	Theoretical economics, law, material science and engineering, chemical engineering and technology, public management
-	Cultural tourism	Journalism and Communication, Chinese History, Business Administration
Jishou University	Intangible Cultural Heritage	Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature
-	Cultural and creative industries	Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature, Business Administration
Hunan University	Internet of Things project	Physics, Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
-	Intelligent Science and Technology	Electrical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
-	Incorrupt politics	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Law, Management Science and Engineering
-	Regional public governance	Applied Economics, Law, Management Science and Engineering
Central South University	Organizational management and policy innovation	Philosophy, Law, Business Administration
-	Social Policy and Social Management	Philosophy, Law, Management Science and Engineering
-	Urban underground space engineering	Civil engineering, mining engineering, safety science and engineering
-	Comparative medicine	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Medical information management	Computer science and technology, basic medicine, public health and preventive medicine, management science and engineering, biomedical engineering, clinical medicine
-	Pharmacogenomics	Biology, clinical medicine, pharmacy
-	Resource economy and management	Mining engineering, management science and engineering, business administration
-	Bioethics	Philosophy, Biology, Basic Medicine
-	Cultural Industry	Philosophy, Law, Business Administration
Hunan Normal University	Cultural industry management	Chinese history, world history, business administration
-	Tourism Geography	Theoretical Economics, Geography, Business Administration
Sun Yat-sen University	Political Communication	Politics, sociology, computer science and technology
-	Historical anthropology	Sociology, Ethnology, Archaeology, Chinese History
-	Chemical biology	Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Basic Medicine, Pharmacy
-	Urban and regional planning	Sociology, geography, public management
-	Intelligent transportation engineering	Geography, Mechanics, Computer Science and Technology
-	Electronic and Computer Engineering	Information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, software engineering
-	Supercomputers and High Performance Computing	Mathematics, computer science and technology, software engineering
-	Stem cells and regenerative medicine	Biology, biomedical engineering, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	Molecular medicine	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
Jinan University	Senior Secretary and Administrative Assistant	Chinese Language and Literature, Business Administration
-	Media Economics	Applied Economics, Journalism and Communication, Business Administration
-	international business	Applied Economics, Business Administration
-	Packaging engineering	Mechanics, Food Science and Engineering
-	regenerative medicine	Biology, biomedical engineering, clinical medicine
-	Pharmacy Management	Biology, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Business Administration
-	Chinese studies	Applied Economics, Law, Political Science, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
-	Cultural creativity and cultural industry	Applied Economics, Chinese Language and Literature
South China University of Technology	Green energy chemistry and technology	Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging	Biomedical engineering, material science and engineering, biology
-	Soft Matter Science and Engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Biology
South China Agricultural University	Land use engineering	Agricultural engineering, agricultural resources and environment, agricultural and forestry economic management
South China Normal University	Biomedical Photonics	Physics, Biology
Guangxi University	Optoelectronic Materials and Devices	Physics, Materials Science and Engineering
Guangxi Normal University	science education	Education, physics, chemistry, biology
Nanning Normal University	Regional Environment	Chemistry, geography, software engineering
-	International Education of Chinese Language and Culture	Pedagogy, Chinese language and literature, foreign language and literature
Guangxi University for Nationalities	Computer Mathematics	Mathematics, History of Science and Technology, Computer Science and Technology
-	Computational Materials	Mathematics, History of Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering and Technology
Sichuan University	International communication of Chinese culture	Chinese language and literature, foreign language and literature, journalism and communication
-	Frontier Studies (Frontier Politics, Frontier Economics, Frontier Sociology, Frontier History and Geography)	Theoretical economics, law, journalism and communication, Chinese history, public management
-	regenerative medicine	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy
-	Safety Science and Disaster Reduction	Mechanics, Civil Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Cultural heritage and tourism development	Archaeology, Chinese history, business administration
-	Stress biology	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
-	clothing design	Light Industry Technology and Engineering, Fine Arts, Design
Chongqing University	Project finance and cost management	Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration, Public Management
-	Politics, Economy and Law	Applied Economics, Law, Management Science and Engineering
Chengdu University of Technology	Environmental geology	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Applied geophysics	Geophysics, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Mineral Materials	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Metal Minerals and Metal Materials	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Unconventional oil and gas geology	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Petroleum and Natural Gas Geology	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Mathematical geology	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Remote sensing of resources and environment	Geology, geological resources and geological engineering
-	Groundwater Science and Engineering	Geology, civil engineering, geological resources and geological engineering
Chengdu University of Information Engineering	Meteorological observation technology	Atmospheric Science, Information and Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
-	Internet of Things technology	Information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, software engineering
Xihua University	Energy economy and energy-saving technology	Power engineering and engineering thermophysics, civil engineering, business administration
Southwest University	Clean energy science	Chemistry, Biology
-	Fiber Materials and Engineering	Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Resources and Environment
-	Sustainable Development and Rural Construction	Pedagogy, Chinese language and literature, Chinese history, agricultural and forestry economic management
-	Governance	Philosophy, pedagogy, psychology, Chinese history, agricultural and forestry economic management
-	Nanobiomedicine	Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology
-	Chinese Characters and Calligraphy and Painting Art	Philosophy, psychology, Chinese language and literature, Chinese history
-	Classics	Philosophy, Chinese language and literature, foreign language and literature, Chinese history
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics	economic philosophy	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Marxist Theory
-	Policy Science and Public Management Innovation	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering
-	Public economic system and policy	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Business Administration
-	Agricultural Economics	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Business Administration
-	Economic big data analysis	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Management Science and Engineering
Southwest University of Political Science and Law	Marxist Legal Theory and Inner Party Laws and Regulations	Marxist theory, philosophy, law
-	Law and Economics	Applied Economics, Law, Marxist Theory
-	Legal Management	Business Administration, Law, Applied Economics
Southwest University for Nationalities	Chinese Ethnic Literature	Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature
Zunyi Medical University	regenerative medicine	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy
-	clinical pharmacy	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy
-	Translational medicine	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy
Guizhou University of Finance and Economics	Financial statistics and risk management	Theoretical Economics, Applied Economics, Statistics
-	Human Resources Management	Theoretical Economics, Business Administration, Public Management
-	Marketing	Computer Science and Technology, Business Administration, Public Administration
-	Big data finance	Applied Economics, Statistics, Computer Science and Technology
Guizhou Minzu University	Ethnic Communication	Sociology, Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature
-	Ethnic jurisprudence	Law, sociology, ethnology
-	Logic and Cognition	Sociology, ethnology, Chinese language and literature, mathematics
-	National Culture and Cognition	Sociology, Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature
Kunming University of Science and Technology	Environmental ecology	Metallurgical engineering, mining engineering, environmental science and engineering
-	Quality Engineering and Management	Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Resource chemical industry	Materials Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Science and technology of renewable resources	Materials Science and Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	Resource environment planning and management	Environmental Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Intellectual Property and Scientific and Technological Innovation	Applied Economics, Law, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
-	Quality Statistics	Applied Economics, Mathematics, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
yunnan agricultural university	Urban and rural construction project and management	Agricultural engineering, environmental science and engineering, agricultural and forestry economic management
Southwest Forestry University	Forest fire prevention	Ecology, forestry engineering, forestry
-	Garden Art Design	Ecology, urban and rural planning, landscape architecture
-	Garden plant protection	Biology, Landscape Architecture, Forestry
-	Forest ecological information technology	Ecology, forestry engineering, forestry
-	Furniture Design and Engineering	Forestry engineering, agricultural and forestry economic management, design
-	Timber structure building	Forestry engineering, urban and rural planning, design
-	Building and structural engineering in forest area	Forestry engineering, urban and rural planning, landscape architecture
-	ecotourism	Geography, ecology, business administration
-	Ecological economy	Ecology, business administration, agricultural and forestry economic management
Xi'an Jiaotong University	Legal Governance	Marxist theory, business administration, public administration
-	Earth and Human Settlements Science and Engineering	Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Computer Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering and Technology
-	Linguistic and Cultural Systematics	Philosophy, computer science and technology, public management
-	Pulse power and discharge plasma	Electrical Engineering, Nuclear Science and Technology
-	Social development and management	Philosophy, Applied Economics, Public Management
-	Oral Biomedicine	Biology, Material Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine
Northwestern Polytechnical University	Science and Technology of Intelligent Unmanned Systems	Aerospace Science and Technology, Weapon Science and Technology, Computer Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
Xi'an University of Technology	Industrial equipment manufacturing and system integration	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology	Optical communication	Optical engineering, information and communication engineering
-	information safety	Information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, military command
-	Bioinformatics Science and Technology	Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	robotics	Mechanical Engineering, Instrument Science and Technology, Control Science and Engineering
-	Remote sensing information science and technology	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
-	Space science and technology	Instrument Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology	Steel structure materials and engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering
-	Management Philosophy	Philosophy, Business Administration
-	social management	Marxist theory, public management
-	Sports building management	Architecture, business administration, public administration
-	Management System Engineering	Environmental Science and Engineering, Urban and Rural Planning, Management Science and Engineering
-	building material	Materials Science and Engineering, Architecture, Civil Engineering
-	Building Intelligent Information Technology	Architecture, Civil Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
Shaanxi University of Science and Technology	Functional Polymer Chemistry and Technology	Chemical Engineering and Technology, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	Photoelectric system and control	Control Science and Engineering, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
-	artificial intelligence technology	Control Science and Engineering, Software Engineering, Light Industry Technology and Engineering
Xi'an University of Engineering	Clothing information engineering and technology	Control Science and Engineering, Textile Science and Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
-	Social Development and Public Policy	Marxist theory, management science and engineering, business administration
-	New Economy and Financial Engineering	Mathematics, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Shaanxi Normal University	Learning Science	Pedagogy, Psychology, Biology
-	Cultural Resources and Cultural Industry	Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History, Geography
-	complex system	Physics, geography, biology
-	New energy materials and devices	Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
Northwest University of Political Science and Law	Ethnic jurisprudence	Philosophy, Law, Public Management
-	Financial Audit and Risk Management	Theoretical Economics, Law, Public Management
-	Marketing and Crisis Management	Theoretical Economics, Law, Public Management
-	science of judicial expertise	Philosophy, Law, Public Management
-	Police Law	Philosophy, Law, Public Management
-	Human Rights Law	Law, public management, philosophy
Lanzhou University of Technology	Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering	Materials Science and Engineering, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Control Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering
-	Manufacturing information system	Mechanical Engineering, Control Science and Engineering
-	civil engineering materials	Materials Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering
-	Internet of Things project	Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology
-	Civil engineering construction and management	Civil Engineering, Management Science and Engineering
Lanzhou Jiaotong University	Traffic environment art design	Computer Science and Technology, Transportation Engineering, Environmental Science and Engineering
Gansu Agricultural University	Crop production equipment project in northern dry areas	Crop science, horticulture, herbalism
Northwest University for Nationalities	tibetology	Sociology, Ethnology, Chinese Language and Literature, Chinese History
qinghai university	Resource Biology	Chemical engineering and technology, crop science, grass science, basic medicine
Qinghai University for Nationalities	Tibetan Information Processing Project	Ethnology, Chinese language and literature, mathematics
Ningxia University	Traditional national sports culture	Ethnology, Pedagogy
Shihezi University	Agricultural information technology and application	Agricultural engineering, crop science
xinjiang medical university	Echinococcosis	Basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine, pharmacy, public management
-	Health Management	Clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, nursing, public management
Tianjin Chengjian University	Computer Control and Building Intelligence	Computer Science and Technology, Civil Engineering
-	Urban and rural road traffic planning	Civil engineering, urban and rural planning, management science and engineering
-	Engineering construction equipment and its automation	Materials Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Civil Engineering
Three Gorges University	Education Management	Education, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration
Zhongkai College of Agricultural Engineering	Protection and utilization of germplasm resources	Chemical engineering and technology, plant protection, forestry
Beijing Union University	mobile commerce	Computer Science and Technology, Software Engineering, Business Administration
-	information resources management	Archaeology, Computer Science and Technology, Business Administration
-	Intelligent transportation engineering	Computer Science and Technology, Software Engineering, Business Administration
Hunan University of Technology	Human Settlements Design	Civil Engineering and Design
Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications	Optical Communication and Optical Information Technology	Optical engineering, information and communication engineering
-	Big Data Processing and High Performance Computing	Information and communication engineering, computer science and technology, software engineering
-	Microwave Photonics Engineering	Optical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering
Southern Medical University	Prevention and control of infectious diseases	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine
-	Health emergency	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine, public health and preventive medicine
-	Bioinformatics	Biology, Biomedical Engineering, Basic Medicine
-	Clinical genetics	Biology, basic medicine, clinical medicine
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences	Nanoscience and Technology	Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Social Computing	Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Management Science and Engineering
-	Bioinformatics	Mathematics, Biology, Computer Science and Technology
-	Economic calculation and simulation	System science, statistics, computer science and technology, management science and engineering, agricultural and forestry economic management
-	Food safety and health	Chemistry, Biology, Environmental Science and Engineering
-	regenerative medicine	Biology, Basic Medicine, Pharmacy
-	Bionic interface cross science	Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science and Engineering
-	Planetary science^[16]	-

Note: The above cross disciplines are all based on Secondary discipline Administration^[11]

Clarify the connotation of interdisciplinary

Announce

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In December 2021, the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council Printed and distributed《 Measures for the Establishment and Management of Interdisciplinary Studies (for Trial Implementation) 》The notice clarifies the connotation of interdisciplinary for the first time, that is to create a series of new concepts, theories and methods and show a new kind of interdisciplinary epistemology , build new knowledge structure , forming a new and richer knowledge category, which already has various characteristics of mature disciplines.

The trial method has established interdisciplinary Blow off combination The setting mechanism of, that is, first explore the pilot, mature and then enter the directory Degree authorization independent review unit In accordance with the procedures, we will independently carry out cross disciplinary pilot projects, try first, and explore a new way to cultivate innovative talents. On this basis, it also clarified the application conditions and demonstration procedures for the listing of pilot cross disciplines to strictly control the quality.

At the same time, establish interdisciplinary adjustment Exit mechanism 。 The corresponding exit mechanism has been established in the pilot stage and after entering the directory. At the same time, for exiting the directory, there are a few Social needs And put forward the transitional connection method.

The trial method clarifies cross disciplines Degree awarding And basic requirements. The basic requirements for degree awarding shall be formulated respectively in the pilot stage and after being included in the catalog.

At the same time, the interdisciplinary Quality assurance system 。 In order to ensure the quality of interdisciplinary construction, combined with the characteristics of interdisciplinary, specific requirements are put forward in terms of enrollment, training and other aspects, and all interdisciplinary degree authorization points are defined All must Participate periodically Conformity assessment , may not participate in special qualification assessment. At the same time, in order to optimize the development environment, it is proposed that the pilot interdisciplinary may not participate in the evaluation of third-party organizations.^[18]

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