Chapter 1: Model of Scientific and Technological Practice and Innovation
1 Analysis of scientific and technological practice activities
Students' scientific and technological practice activities have always been an excellent tradition of our school. From "Feng Ru Cup" students' extracurricular scientific and technological practice competition, college students' innovation and entrepreneurship competition and other comprehensive competitions, to the national college students' electronic design competition, the national "Challenge Cup" competition, the "Freescale" smart car competition and other special competitions, our school has achieved very good results. But in recent years, with the development of schools and scientific and technological activities, the scale of students has expanded, and there are many kinds of competitions, which makes the training effect of students' innovative practical ability in scientific and technological practice activities unsatisfactory. Especially with the establishment of the new campus and the formation of the teaching structure of the two campuses, students pay more attention to the study of theoretical knowledge in textbooks, lack comprehensive application ability, lack a strong atmosphere of scientific and technological practice, and loose training system. There is a wide variety of scientific and technological practice activities without a good connection plan, which makes students not form a systematic and coherent practice training, and distracts students' attention and learning energy. The incentive mechanism between teachers and students is insufficient, so that when teachers guide students in scientific and technological activities, students can not get good encouragement in participating in scientific and technological practice activities. They have greatly affected the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of students to participate in scientific and technological practice activities and the cultivation of students' scientific and technological innovation practice ability. Therefore, the proposed operation mode of students' scientific and technological innovation practice base focuses on solving the problems in our scientific and technological practice activities, further promoting students' scientific and technological innovation level, and improving the scientific and technological practice training system.
2. Operation mode of student scientific and technological innovation practice base
To establish the operation mode of students' scientific and technological innovation practice base, first of all, sort out the courses closely related to students' scientific and technological practice, so that students can fully learn and master the relevant methods and skills in scientific and technological practice in normal course learning and course experiments. Secondly, it explored the overall planning method of various types of student scientific and technological activities at all levels, set up corresponding training programs for students' scientific and technological activities in view of the diverse forms and different objects of scientific and technological practical activities in our school, and make overall arrangements to improve the efficiency and quality of students' participation in activities. During the construction of students' scientific and technological innovation practice base, the research has improved the incentive system for teachers and students to participate in scientific and technological practice activities, improved the enthusiasm of students and teachers, established professional training teacher teams and students' scientific and technological innovation activity groups, and further improved students' innovation practice ability.
2.1 Linking students' scientific and technological practice with course experiment content
Relying on the teaching practice center and the student science and technology innovation base of the college, we coordinated with the related courses such as "MCU principle", "EDA (Electronic Design Automation) foundation", and set up the experimental courses of "MCU synthesis" and "EDA synthesis" on the experimental platform developed by the experimental center itself. Combined with the course of "College Student Training - Interface Technology" in the new campus, the integrated experiment of single chip microcomputer teaches freshmen and sophomores the basic principles of single chip microcomputer and circuit, and at the same time guides students to carry out the following operations: IO (Input Output) port operation of single chip microcomputer, timing device operation of single chip microcomputer, LED (Light Emitting Diode) display control Five basic experiments, such as keyboard and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) programming, serial port communication, four improvement experiments, such as MCU ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) control, MCU DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) control, temperature sensor control, photosensitive sensor control, and open experiment of waveform generation system. In combination with the Beijing EDA competition for college students, MSP430 MCU lectures and experimental courses were set up. Improve students' understanding and programming ability of MCU. On the basis of the course of "Electronic Training for College Students" (the campus) and in combination with the characteristics of the basic course of EDA, the EDA comprehensive experiment has set up four basic experiments: clock division, water light, key and LED control, keyboard and LCD control, FPGA (FieldProgramma bleGateArray, field programmable gate array) control ADC and FP-GA control DAC Three improvement experiments such as DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) generation, and two open experiments such as arbitrary waveform generator and signal spectrum analyzer. Further deepen students' ability to design and apply electronic systems. In addition to the above basic contents, the college students' scientific and technological practice guidance group is also equipped with teachers in different fields, such as embedded, video signal processing, 3D display, motor control, robot, etc., to provide advice and guidance for students' scientific and technological innovation practice.
2.2 Overall arrangement of science and technology activities for students at all levels
Based on the innovative practice base of college students, we will establish a linkage publicity and training mechanism for undergraduate instructors. Students' interest groups in science and technology practice are set up in the new campus and the campus of the campus, and the open training mode is adopted. The new campus pays attention to the cultivation of basic ability and appropriately improves students' innovation ability. Combined with the Engineering Training Center, the Engineering Training Center provides the site, and cultivates the basic skills of the first and second year students such as "circuit welding and debugging". At the same time, a single-chip salon is set up to lay the foundation for future scientific and technological practice activities. The headquarters focuses on the cultivation of innovation ability. Relying on the innovation practice base for college students, and in conjunction with the Students Association for Science and Technology, we set up an open laboratory for students, providing training and venues for third and fourth graders in unit circuit design, FPGA application, and system design. In the two campuses, "Feng Ru Cup" science and technology activities were mobilized to encourage students to participate in science and technology production activities to warm up the next year's "Feng Ru Cup Science and Technology Production", "Undergraduate Electronic Competition", "Challenge Cup", "National Information Security Competition", "National Embedded System Invitational" and other discipline competitions. At the same time, it lays a certain foundation for the graduation design of the fourth grade students. The scientific and technological practice activities of students are sorted out, providing guidance for students to participate in scientific and technological activities, so that students can participate in various activities in a planned way. Most of the students have participated in the training of single chip microcomputer, FPGA, etc., and some of them have received the training of embedded system, video processing, motor control, robot, etc., which can play a role in the follow-up scientific and technological practice such as subject competitions. SCM/FPGA is the main content of college students' electronic contest and electronic talent skill contest, and can also be used to participate in Feng Ru Cup and information security contest. It is also the basis of embedded invitational contest and challenge cup. Make overall arrangements for students' scientific and technological activities, improve the efficiency of students' scientific and technological practice activities (students of different grades and different practical abilities, carry out personalized training at different levels of foundation, improvement, and integration), and maintain the continuity of students' scientific and technological practice activities.
2.3 Establish and improve the incentive mechanism for teachers and students
Incorporate students' scientific and technological practice activities into the daily curriculum system, set up "college students' electronic practice interface circuit" (new campus), and divide students' scientific and technological practice activities together with "college students' electronic practice" (headquarters campus), on the one hand, improve students' enthusiasm to participate in scientific and technological practice activities, on the other hand, it is reflected in teachers' year-end assessment performance, So as to improve the enthusiasm of teachers to participate in scientific and technological guidance. In the "science and technology practice activity base" of the headquarters campus and the engineering training center of Shahe campus, a normal chemistry competition training mechanism will be formed, and the training of subject competition will be included in the course practice link. After selection, a "student science and technology activity guidance group" was established. The group is mainly composed of the School of Electronic Information Engineering and teachers from other colleges who are enthusiastic about guiding students' scientific and technological practice. A complete and effective training guidance system will be established, with the head of the college of undergraduate education as the team leader, the instructors of science and technology activities for various competitions and senior students who have performed well in science and technology activities as consultants, and the undergraduate counselor as the activity leader.
3. Operation effect of students' scientific and technological innovation practice base
Through the operation of students' scientific and technological innovation practice base for several years, the following achievements have been made in various scientific and technological innovation practice activities and base construction.
(1) It has formed a scientific and technological innovation practice base for electronic information students running in two campuses, and has cultivated 285 people so far. Under the operation mode of the two campuses, a multi-level and multi elevator team leader cycle scientific and technological practice training program has been set up, which effectively drives the enthusiasm of students to participate in scientific and technological innovation practice activities, and improves students' practical ability and innovation awareness. It has formed a benign and sustainable development chain of students' scientific and technological innovation practice.
(2) A guiding group for students' scientific and technological practice activities was established under the leadership of the college and department, which concentrated the outstanding teachers of the school, set up corresponding practical courses in all grades, carried out targeted and normalized teaching and training, and formed a team of experienced, stable, professional and comprehensive scientific and technological practice training coaches.
(3) He organized and wrote the Instruction Book of Single Chip Microcomputer and EDA for electronic information science and technology innovation practice. On the basis of summarizing the guidance experience of students' extracurricular science and technology practice activities such as Beihang University Electronic Contest and Feng Ru Cup for many years, he extracted the circuit modules, tool modules and design methods commonly used in students' science and technology practice activities, and designed the minimum system of single chip microcomputer and FPGA, It has been popularized and quoted in students' scientific and technological practice, which has played a very good guiding role in students' participation in various scientific and technological practice activities.
(4) In the 2012 Beijing Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition, it won 3 first prizes and 13 second prizes in Beijing; Won one first prize, one second prize and two third prizes in the "Embedded" Invitational Competition of 2012 National Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition; In the 2012 National Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition "Information Security" Invitational Competition, he won two first prizes and one second prize. In the 2013 National Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition, it won one national first prize, five national second prizes, nine second prizes in Beijing, and six third prizes in Beijing. In 2014, Beijing Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition won 9 first prizes, 7 second prizes and 18 third prizes.
4 Conclusion
Chapter 2: Model of Scientific and Technological Practice and Innovation
Key words: primary school students; Scientific and technological innovation; Mathematical practice activities
Put forward: technological innovation, science and technology power. The Outline of Basic Education Curriculum Reform clearly proposes to actively develop and reasonably use various curriculum resources inside and outside the school. The comprehensive practice of primary school mathematics is the activity task of primary school students to experience and accumulate life experience, apply mathematical knowledge to solve practical problems, and improve students' mathematical application ability, innovation ability and practical ability through activities. Mathematics comprehensive activity practice class is one of the important contents of mathematics teaching. Its curriculum goal is to improve students' interest in learning mathematics, understand the importance of mathematics, constantly expand students' vision in mathematics application practice, and stimulate students' innovative potential. This paper carries out scientific and technological innovation activities from the comprehensive practice of mathematics, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and safeguard measures, hoping to promote the effective development and implementation of scientific and technological innovation activities in primary school mathematics.
1、 Problems Existing in Primary School Students' Scientific and Technological Innovation Activities
（1） Lack of correct understanding of the connotation of scientific and technological innovation education
At present, many primary school administrators are opposed to carrying out innovative education in mathematics comprehensive practice class, mainly because they do not know the connotation of scientific and technological innovation activity education, what is scientific and technological innovation education, and their role in China's education and students' all-round development. As a result, many teachers do not attach importance to scientific and technological innovation education, and even think that the development of scientific and technological innovation activities is a waste of students' valuable time for learning, resulting in the extreme reduction of students' enthusiasm for participating in innovative activities. Although some school administrators have recognized the importance of innovative education, they have separated innovation from education and failed to effectively infiltrate into primary school mathematics teaching, which has led to students' innovation away from reality and affected the quality of their works.
（2） Lack of complete system for scientific overall layout
It should be a long-term and complicated work to carry out scientific and technological innovation activities in mathematics comprehensive practice class. However, many schools do not attach importance to innovative education, and lack scientific layout of this activity. They also take innovative activities as a temporary task, even in order to have a good reputation in the competition, resulting in low enthusiasm of students for scientific and technological innovation; The comprehensive practice classroom teaching method is single and lacks effective teaching system. Students' achievements in scientific and technological innovation activities are mainly some simple productions or scientific and technological essays, and scientific and technological innovation activities tend to be formalized.
（3） Lack of individualized development of hierarchical teaching
In our scientific and technological innovation activities, students' cognitive and thinking levels are different, and their innovation methods are also very different. In the activity class, teachers ignored the personality differences between students. In teaching, they used a standard to treat students, and the teaching content was also stereotyped. Often, teachers raised the level of knowledge, which led to some students' incomprehension, and arbitrarily lowered the level of knowledge, which led to some students feeling that knowledge was too superficial and meaningless to learn. In a word, there is no hierarchical teaching for students' knowledge level in the activities, which seriously hinders the personalized development of students in scientific and technological innovation activities.
2、 Strategies for primary school students to carry out innovative scientific and technological activities
（1） Change Educational Concept and Strengthen School based Curriculum Development
To promote the orderly, healthy and sustainable development of scientific and technological innovation activities, school leaders need to establish the concept of innovative education and attach importance to scientific and technological innovation activities. According to the actual situation of our school, consciously and systematically actively organize scientific and technological innovation activities to provide an environment and atmosphere for the cultivation of students' innovation ability. For example, the school can define the goal of scientific and technological innovation activities in mathematics comprehensive practice class. In the activity, every student should have the opportunity to experience and feel the familiar science in life, and teach scientific knowledge and innovative skills. The school can display the achievements and significance of scientific and technological innovation by means of corridor window display, murals, etc., change the understanding of primary school students and teachers on scientific and technological innovation, and provide a strong guarantee for the school to better carry out scientific and technological innovation activities.
（2） Exploring educational model and forming school family social integration
The physical and mental growth of pupils is greatly influenced by family, school and society. Some students' parents are engaged in civil engineering, machinery, electricity and other work. Therefore, in activities, teachers can effectively use these resources to cultivate students' awareness of scientific and technological innovation. For example, when learning the lesson of "Perimeter", teachers can ask students and parents to jointly use the rolling method, surrounding method, etc. to measure the data of various circles' perimeter, diameter or radius. In the process of measurement, parents can guide students, so as to realize the organic combination of school, family and society. The school should also invite experts from time to time to give lectures on innovative activities and parent child science popularization activities to improve parents' awareness of innovative education and understand how to cultivate students' innovative ability. And then realize the integration of school, family and social science and technology innovation education.
（3） Improve the evaluation system to improve the long-term effectiveness of activities
In order to realize the smooth implementation of scientific and technological innovation activities in mathematics comprehensive practice class, teachers should not only carefully design and organize the activities, but also constantly improve the activity evaluation system, so that the activity process evaluation and activity result evaluation can be effectively combined. Use evaluation to stimulate the initiative and innovation potential of students to participate in scientific and technological innovation activities. In the activity, teachers should conduct real-time guidance and timely evaluation on students' innovation process and results, and the evaluation system advocates diversification. The process and results of scientific and technological innovation activities are regarded as an indicator of students' comprehensive quality evaluation at the end of the semester. In order to achieve the effectiveness and long-term development of the activities.
3、 Safeguard measures for scientific and technological innovation activities of primary school students
（1） Fund guarantee
With the increasing emphasis of the school on science and technology innovation education, the education department has continuously increased the funds for science and technology innovation activities of the school and introduced advanced hardware facilities. The school also set up a certain amount of research funds for research on scientific and technological innovation activities. In addition, certain financial support will be given to teachers' professional skills training, material collection and sorting, etc., to provide an effective material basis for the smooth development of scientific and technological innovation activities.
（2） Incentive guarantee
In order to make scientific and effective development of scientific and technological innovation activities, teachers and students who are outstanding in the activities should be given certain spiritual and material support. For example, teachers' and students' works are displayed on the campus screen or on the bulletin board to publicize their creative ideas. In addition, some portraits, deeds, and inspirational celebrity quotes of scientists or inventors at all times and in all over the world will be displayed irregularly. Provide effective incentive guarantee for scientific and technological innovation activities. Pupils are the hope of the motherland. In scientific and technological innovation activities, only by constantly tapping students' innovation potential and cultivating students' innovation ability can they better adapt to the needs of the development of innovative society in the new era.
reference:
[1] Shu Yiping. The Status Quo and Countermeasures of Science and Technology Innovation Activities for Primary School Students [J]. China External Education, 2014 (13): 194
Part 3: Model of Scientific and Technological Practice and Innovation
The Geography Curriculum Standards for Ordinary High School (2017 Edition) requires teachers to innovate the cultivation methods of core literacy in geography, and carry out a variety of geographical practice activities in natural, social and other real situations. For this reason, the author tries to move the classroom to the outdoors and realize the cultivation of students' geographical core literacy in scientific and technological practice activities.
1、 Interpret the curriculum standard and determine the practical goal of scientific and technological innovation
The second chapter of Geography Elective 6 in Senior Two of the new curriculum standard mentions that the learning goal of this chapter is "to tell the main measures for prevention and control of certain environmental pollution in combination with the surrounding living practice". The first section of the textbook talks about the biological evolution of water bodies (assimilation, oxidation, decomposition of aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms). The author integrated the contents of the two, combined with the pollution of East Lake and Tanlai River in Jiayuguan City, where the school is located, and the fact that Jiayuguan City purified water quality by introducing "ecological floating islands", and determined the goal of scientific and technological innovation practice activities as: the exploration of the mystery of ecological floating islands in Jiayuguan.
2、 Determine the investigation site and route, and formulate scientific and technological practice plan in combination with surrounding resources
Jiayuguan City is located in the middle of Hexi Corridor, with poor natural conditions, and is a serious water shortage area. In recent years, many lakes have been built through artificial measures, but while the water area has increased, a series of water pollution phenomena have also occurred, among which the East Lake ecotourism scenic spot with the largest water area is the most obvious. Therefore, the East Lake ecotourism scenic spot has become the No. 1 spot for field practice, mainly for the discovery of water pollution problems; Since the spring of 2019, Jiayuguan City Garden Bureau has put a large number of ecological floating islands formed by aquatic plants in the Daolai River Ecological Park, which is close to the school and can be reached by 10 minutes' walk. Therefore, the Daolai River Ecological Park has been determined as the No. 2 site for field practice and the main practice site for this exploration activity, It is used to observe the samples of aquatic organisms on ecological floating islands and to interview and investigate the staff of the Landscape Bureau; We will put the final place of practice in the school, namely the biological laboratory of No. 3 Middle School of Jiuquan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. - site 3, for the verification of the ecological floating island exploration results.
3、 Implement scientific and technological practice activities through interpretation of geographical core literacy
Chapter 4: Model Text of Scientific and Technological Practice and Innovation
[Key words] Innovation and entrepreneurship; college student; Scientific and technological innovation; social practice
1. The significance of college students' scientific and technological innovation in social practice
National leaders have encouraged people to actively carry out mass innovation and entrepreneurship on many occasions, which is a good policy signal. Only the steady progress of various innovative undertakings can promote the continuous progress of China's economy. With the development of the times, China can no longer rely on simple labor to create a huge economy, but should gradually integrate into high-tech production forms. In this situation, the heavy responsibility of constantly accelerating scientific and technological innovation and strengthening the competitive chips between countries falls on enhancing the ability of scientific and technological innovation. Only when scientific and technological capabilities are constantly updated can we grasp the initiative and voice in the international arena. As the young generation of college students is the backbone of building the country, so the work of scientific and technological innovation needs the full participation of college students. At the same time, college students cannot develop alone, and their abilities need to be strengthened. Through social practice, the comprehensive ability of college students can be well cultivated, so the social practice of college students will greatly affect the economic construction of China. When colleges and universities cultivate students' scientific and technological innovation ability through social practice, they can mainly build some scientific research sites, practice bases, and joint training with major enterprises in discipline construction. It is also to make social practice and innovation and entrepreneurship truly linked to form an organic whole [1], which can ultimately promote the development of social science and technology, Promote the development of scientific research in China.
2. The impact of college students' scientific and technological innovation on social practice
2.1 Enhance students' innovation ability
If college students want to really do something well, they will not be able to achieve results in all their work if they do not go deep into the society to investigate and contact the actual life. At present, social practice is the second classroom for college students besides learning, which can rapidly improve students' abilities in all aspects. At the same time, social practice also provides students with an opportunity to contact the society and enter the society, which can enable students to connect their theoretical knowledge with real life and solve various problems encountered by students in real life. At the same time, for students' theoretical knowledge, knowledge that is not combined with practice is thin and rigid. Only by combining with practice and seeing others' production achievements, can we innovate from another perspective and create scientific and technological achievements needed by society. At the same time, only when students have practical activities can they be more clear about their own position, and in the subsequent work and study can they make more appropriate plans to make their innovative work better in the future.
2.2 Understanding social needs
The process of college students' learning theoretical knowledge is divorced from the social reality, and it is also monotonous. However, if they blindly separate from the real social reality to learn, they will fail, because no matter which university trains students, they will eventually return to the society, and only the society is the place to test talents. Similarly, students' innovation ability can only be tested by going deep into the society through practical work. And through in-depth social practice, understanding the needs of society for talents can also help students redefine themselves and cultivate themselves as talents needed by the country and society [2]. With the continuous development of the times, colleges and universities in various regions are increasingly aware of this problem, gradually giving up the traditional closed door model, but actively cooperate with the society, strengthen the connection with enterprises outside the school, and strengthen the innovation work of the school by understanding the needs of the society. At present, the commonly used way is to strengthen the communication between the two through the mode of mutual visits between schools and enterprises, so that the training of talents is more convenient and targeted, so that both can benefit from it.
2.3 Accelerate the transformation of scientific research achievements
Any scientific research achievement needs to be finally transformed into materials needed by the society, which is a successful innovation. This is also true for college students in the process of scientific and technological innovation. We need to link our scientific research achievements with the reality of social production and life, and finally we can test whether our innovation ability is up to the standard. The transformation of scientific research achievements is a complicated but meaningful thing.
3 Current situation of students' scientific and technological innovation social practice
At present, the state and all sectors of society are vigorously calling on college students to participate in the social practice of scientific and technological innovation. Because only in this kind of practice can college students really increase their talents and promote their all-round development. However, in fact, the number of college students participating in the social practice of scientific and technological innovation is not as large as expected. Due to various constraints or factors, college students are unwilling to spend energy to participate in such work. This requires the state to actively increase stimulus, encourage college students to actively respond to the call of the state, actively participate in the social practice of scientific and technological innovation, and contribute to the construction of the country.
4 Conclusion
College students' innovation and entrepreneurship is a major upsurge in the current society. It is also something that the country needs to continue to adhere to. Only by putting themselves into social practice, can young people make real achievements, not be eliminated by the society, and can they truly transform the theoretical knowledge they have learned into social practice, Finally, it will promote the development and construction of the country and give play to its own light and heat for the development of the national economy.
[References]
[1] Liu Zhixin, Wang Dongliang, Nie Qinyu Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education of College Students in the Context of "Internet+" -- Review of "Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education of College Students in the Context of" Internet+"[J]. News and Writing, 2018 (5): insert 5
Chapter 5: Model of Scientific and Technological Practice and Innovation
Key words: rural middle school; Technology innovation education; Mechanism; strategy
Science and technology are the foundation of a country's prosperity, and innovation is the soul of national progress. The cultivation of scientific and technological innovation talents is related to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the cultivation of scientific and technological innovation talents should start from primary and secondary education. Through many years of scientific and technological innovation education practice and undertaking the research of the special project "school-based research on scientific and technological innovation education model of rural high schools in northeast Chongqing" of the 2016 youth innovation talent training of Chongqing's "13th Five Year Plan" for educational science, we have explored effective measures to strengthen one concept, expand two spaces, and grasp the combination of three; A three-tier management mechanism of "pyramid" has been developed to consolidate the foundation of popular science education, highlight the characteristics of interest groups, and display the advantages of science and technology competitions; Summarized the scientific and technological innovation education strategies of rural middle schools, which are "one popularization, two specialties, three competitions", "one grasp, two release, three hand in hand", "laying the foundation → raising interest → digging potential → promoting specialty → making innovation".
1、 Management of Science and Technology Innovation Education
The school has established a science and technology education comprehensive teaching and research group parallel to the discipline teaching and research group, formed a strong and comprehensive team of science and technology instructors, equipped with 25 full-time and part-time science and technology tutors. We have formulated various rules and regulations and evaluation and assessment plans for science and technology education, fully stimulated and mobilized teachers' enthusiasm, initiative and creativity in science and technology education, and created a lively atmosphere for science and technology innovation education. "Sowing the seeds of science and igniting the flame of innovation" is the outline that runs through our entire process of scientific and technological innovation education. The specific measures we have taken are: (1) strengthening a concept. Strengthening the education with scientific and technological characteristics is the idea of the school to comprehensively promote quality education and cultivate innovative talents. (2) Expand two spaces. Expand the space for science and technology education activities inside and outside the school, and expand the space for scientific education theory research. (3) We should focus on three combinations. Pay attention to the organic combination of scientific and technological innovation education and curriculum reform; Pay attention to the organic combination of scientific and technological innovation education and school culture construction; We should combine scientific and technological innovation education with the construction of comprehensive practical courses. (4) Scientific and technological innovation education management implements the three-tier model of "pyramid". That is, science popularization education lays a solid foundation, interest groups highlight characteristics, and science and technology competitions show advantages. (5) Science and technology innovation education permeates into the classroom to realize two integrations. That is, the integration of science and technology innovation education and subject courses, and the integration of science and technology innovation education and comprehensive practice courses.
2、 Ways and Strategies of Scientific and Technological Innovation Education
Science and technology innovation education is carried out in the way of "one popular education, two special education and three competitions". One popular education: popular science education, universal participation. Second specialty: local characteristics, students' specialty. Three competitions: science and technology competitions on campus, various science and technology competitions at all levels. Our strategy is "one grasp, two release, three hand in hand". Our method is: "laying the foundation → raising interest → digging potential → developing expertise → making innovations". One popular education: popular science education, universal participation. Popular science education has laid a solid foundation, with the participation of all teachers and students. Science popularization education is the foundation of scientific and technological innovation education, the starting point of cultivating scientific and technological innovation talents and the "pyramid" base of our scientific and technological innovation education. Our approach is to first sow the seeds of science and carry out extensive science popularization and education. The comprehensive teaching and research group of science and technology education tries out the teaching mode of combining science and technology education with subject classroom teaching for the two grades of senior one and senior two. The second is to carry out science popularization lectures, science and technology education video shows, science and technology model displays, science popularization garden activities and science and technology performances in both humanities and natural science popularization. At the same time, the science and technology kitchen window, science and technology blackboard newspaper, science and technology innovation activity room, science and technology achievement exhibition room, laboratory, etc. are used to cultivate students' interest in science and technology and innovation. Hold science popularization education and science and technology innovation education lectures such as science and humanities, science invention stories, entering the world of science and technology innovation, entering the science and technology innovation contest, innovative thinking and innovative techniques. The popular science education is people-oriented, and the education of scientific spirit, scientific thinking, scientific methods and scientific knowledge runs through the whole process. It cultivates students' curiosity and imagination, and builds their scientific and technological innovation thinking ability. Second specialty: local characteristics, students' specialty. Our school is a rural middle school in the northeast of Chongqing. More than 90% of the students come from rural areas. No urban students are knowledgeable, lack of scientific knowledge, and have no talent and potential. So we infiltrate science and technology innovation education into all disciplines, and let science and technology innovation education enter the classroom. Our approach is to integrate popular science education with subject courses. The second is the integration of popular science education and scientific and technological innovation education with comprehensive practical courses, and the combination of discipline research learning to cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability in practice. The school arranges science and technology innovation education as a course into the curriculum, and full-time and part-time science and technology teachers train students' science and technology innovation awareness and skills. The comprehensive teaching and research group of science and technology education tries to implement teaching plans combining science and technology innovation education with subject classroom teaching for grade one and grade two of senior high school. Each member of the teaching and research group has more than 5 teaching plans for reference each term. According to the characteristics of the local school and the students' strengths, we have established a science and technology interest group to combine science and technology education with interest activities, which is the middle level of the "pyramid" management structure. Scientific and technological interest groups such as scientific and technological inventions, scientific and technological small production, scientific and technological small papers, scientific and technological small creativity, web page production, computer cartoons, graphic design, innovative thinking (DI) challenges, intelligent robot soccer, intelligent robot fire fighting, virtual robot soccer, aviation model obstacle crossing, four-wheel drive racing, navigation model confrontation, etc. were established. Actively organize students with interest and expertise to independently choose various science and technology interest activities in various subjects, and lead discipline learning to practice. Three competitions: organize science and technology competitions on campus and participate in various science and technology competitions at all levels. The science and technology competition can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm and participation consciousness of students, and show their strengths and advantages. Thus, scientific and technological innovation education will be rooted in a fertile land, and such scientific and technological innovation education will bear fruitful results. Therefore, we hold school level and various types of scientific and technological activities and competitions every term, and actively organize and train students to participate in various levels of scientific and technological competitions and scientific and technological innovation competitions. Activities such as "Logo Design Creativity Competition", "Creative Photo Frame", "Creative Penholder", "Making Creativity Realistic, Making Imagination Real", "Flying Scientific Dreams, Stimulating Innovative Potential", "Planting Scientific Seeds, Igniting the Flame of Innovation" were held in the school, So as to ignite the innovation flame of students, stimulate their interest in participating in scientific and technological innovation activities, and mobilize the enthusiasm of students to "love science, learn science, and use science". In order to reduce the burden on students, all the costs of the raw materials for our students to participate in scientific and technological activities and competitions will be borne by the school. We take the competition as an opportunity to promote science and technology innovation education. We take the competition as an opportunity to promote science and technology innovation education through extensive publicity, extensive training, selection of excellent students to participate in the competition. To achieve "one grasp, two release, three hand in hand". First, we should pay attention to the education of scientific and technological innovation at all levels. We should focus on the students with the characteristics of scientific and technological innovation from schools, grades and classes. Second, let students give full play to their imagination and scientific and technological innovation wisdom, and put forward their own scientific and technological innovation ideas according to their own strengths and learning and living realities. Three hand in hand: hand in hand guidance according to students' innovative ideas, hand in hand teaching students to complete the design and production of scientific and technological innovation works. In the Chongqing Science and Technology Model Contest, there are sometimes more than 100 students participating in the training of a project. In the training, we focus on the combination of interest and competition, and the combination of participation and knowledge acquisition. Starting from cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, developing students' personality, let students acquire knowledge in the process. Electronic model training, from electronic technology and life, the development of electronic technology, China's electronic technology and international development and prospects, electronic technology foundation, component understanding, the role and function of electronic components, circuit foundation, rectifier circuit, amplifier circuit, switch circuit, introduction of electronic model competition, learning of electronic model competition rules, circuit assembly and other comprehensive training, that is, to achieve the purpose of science and technology education, And completed the training of scientific and technological model competition.
3、 Experience of management and strategy
(1) Education is what remains after a person forgets all he has learned at school, and what remains is wisdom and ability. A good reader is not necessarily a good entrepreneur; A master of examination is not necessarily a master of innovation. It is because these people did not transform knowledge into wisdom and ability. Knowledge must be transformed into wisdom and ability, which will never be lost. Scientific and technological innovation education starts with cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and helps students complete the transformation from knowledge to wisdom and ability. (2) Innovation is the instinct of human beings and human nature. Education is to ignite, cultivate and develop this instinct and nature, rather than kill it. In today's highly civilized and developed world, science and technology innovation education is to provide scientific and innovation needs for the growth of students, cultivate and develop students' innovation wisdom and ability, and lay the foundation for becoming high-quality science and technology talents and innovative talents in the future. (3) Through the research, we summarized the scientific and technological innovation education method of rural middle schools, which is "laying the foundation → raising interest → digging potential → promoting expertise → making innovation". It has laid a solid foundation for our school to further carry out scientific and technological innovation education, and also provided a useful reference for other primary and secondary scientific and technological innovation education.
reference:
[1] Ding Yuqing. High school science and technology innovation education model and its implementation strategy. Curriculum education research: new teacher teaching, 2016 (2)
[2] Fang Pingzhen. Strategic Research on Science and Technology Innovation Education in Rural Middle Schools. Arts and Science Navigation • Education Research and Practice, 2013 (10): 10
