Full size universal figures that can be grouped and danced robot H1
Full size humanoid robot "Tiangong"
Our reporter Leng Shumei, Chen Zishuai
The whole body is grayish black, with a height of 1.63m and a weight of only 43kg, and can run steadily at a speed of 6km/h. The world's first full-size humanoid robot "Tiangong" with pure electric drive and anthropomorphic running was unveiled in Beijing on April 27. When can a humanoid robot like "Tiangong" walk into every household and provide meticulous service and companionship for people's daily life? Zhang Rui, founder and executive director of Beijing Iron Man Technology, told the Global Times, "This is the ultimate dream of every humanoid robot developer."
It has been applied in some fields
Zhang Rui introduced to the Global Times reporter that "humanoid robots are named 'humanoid' because they aim to simulate the shape, behavior and even thinking mode similar to humans. Humanoid robots can seamlessly integrate into various scenes without large-scale changes to the existing environment, and use their flexible and dynamic execution ability to meet complex and dynamic task needs. In addition, humanoid features enable them to easily operate human tools, further expanding their application fields. "
The reporter of the Global Times noticed on April 29 that unlike foreign robot products, which tend to walk with knees bent or "ostrich style", the gait of "Tiangong" is more anthropomorphic and natural. Xiong Youjun, general manager of Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, told the Global Times that through the advanced algorithm and other technological advantages independently developed, the "Tiangong" robot is not only stable, but also more energy-saving and has stronger load capacity. At the same time, "Tiangong" is open source, compatible and extensible. It can realize open call communication interface, flexibly expand software, hardware and other functional modules, and fully meet the needs of different application scenarios.
Zhang Rui said that humanoid robots have been applied in some fields, the most prominent of which is the aerospace field. Robots are mainly used to replace humans to perform dangerous and complex operations, ensure the safety of astronauts, and improve the efficiency and success rate of space missions.
In recent years, the continuous innovation and breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology has indeed provided more powerful perception, decision-making and execution capabilities for humanoid robots. This enables humanoid robots to understand human language more accurately, recognize environmental information, and make more reasonable decisions and actions. In the future, the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots will enable robots to have a higher level of autonomy and intelligence. In the family field, intelligent robots can undertake household tasks, such as cleaning, recording, caring for children and the elderly, and can even understand the preferences of family members and provide personalized services. In the medical field, AI robots can assist doctors in surgical operations, reduce the workload of medical staff and improve the accuracy of surgery. In industrial production, AI robots can realize the efficient operation of automated production lines, improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.
"China and the United States are on the same level"
The Guiding Opinions on the Innovation and Development of Humanoid Robots issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China in November 2023 proposed that by 2025, the innovation system of humanoid robots would be initially established, and a number of key technologies such as "brain, cerebellum, and limbs" would make breakthroughs to ensure the safe and effective supply of core components. Complete machine products have reached the international advanced level, and achieved mass production. They have been demonstrated and applied in special, manufacturing, livelihood services and other scenarios, and explored to form effective governance mechanisms and means; In 2027, the comprehensive strength will reach the world's advanced level and become an important new engine of economic growth.
In March this year, the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center announced that it would soon release the first generation of universal open humanoid robot body, which attracted global attention to the development of China's humanoid robot industry and its supporting industrial chain. Xiong Youjun said, "China's humanoid robots are not behind foreign countries, and it can be said that China and the United States are on the same level." He told the Global Times that by the end of this year, domestic leading enterprises will deliver humanoid robot products in batches for industrial scenarios such as automobile manufacturing. Within five years, humanoid robots can be widely used in many fields. As for when the humanoid robot can walk into the family, Xiong Youjun said that it should be divided into two steps: one is to realize the function of caring and accompanying for emotional communication, the other is to realize the function of doing housework, which requires a longer development time. "Looking into the future, China's performance in the field of humanoid robots will eventually be as' unified 'as mobile phones and electric cars. This time we are still full of confidence."
At the NVIDIA GPU Technology Conference (GTC) held on March 18, Huang Renxun, CEO of the company, introduced nine humanoid robots, two of which were developed by Chinese companies, namely, the H1 robot of Hangzhou Yushu Technology Co., Ltd. and the PX5 robot of Xiaopeng Pengxing. According to the Global Times, H1 is a full-size universal humanoid robot that can run at a speed of 3.3 meters per second. It is the world record holder for a full-size electrically driven humanoid robot. The robot has more perfect dynamic coordination ability of the whole body, and can dance in groups or even flip backwards.
Key technologies need to be broken through
Although the combination of AI and robots has brought many advantages, developers must also face the challenges and problems that follow. Zhang Rui said, "First of all, with the increasing autonomy of robots, ensuring the safety and controllability of their behavior has become an urgent problem to be solved. Second, the integration of AI and robots may lead to the disappearance of a large number of traditional jobs, leading to the adjustment of the social employment structure. In addition, protecting personal privacy and preventing data leakage has become an important issue."
At the same time, the hardware challenge is an important difficulty. Although at the algorithm level, we can achieve various complex functions and performances, robot hardware is often difficult to achieve the ideal output power and efficiency, involving numerous technical details and engineering challenges, and needs continuous optimization and improvement.
On the other hand, the current progress of AI technology is mainly limited to the deepening and innovation of logic, while the breakthrough in thinking and emotion is still insufficient. Zhang Rui believes that it will take another 5-10 years to achieve 70% similarity with human emotions. Huang Renxun optimistically predicted that general artificial intelligence that could pass human tests would probably emerge within five years, but he also acknowledged that the difficulty was that scientists still lacked a unified definition of the way the human mind operates. However, Liu Wei, director of the Human Computer Interaction and Cognition Engineering Laboratory of Beijing Post and an expert on human-computer hybrid intelligence, believes that general artificial intelligence may be a false proposition, not only because the current artificial intelligence is far from reaching the level of general intelligence, but also because its essence is that it cannot use intelligence to perform multiple tasks and learn like human beings.
Liu Wei said that the development of general intelligence faces three bottlenecks: technical, biological and social. The technical bottleneck is that AI systems need to have higher computing power, more advanced algorithms and more effective data processing methods to achieve more complex and intelligent functions; The biological bottleneck is mainly reflected in our limited understanding of the operating mechanism of human brain cognitive ability. To achieve a similar level of intelligence, we need more in-depth neuroscience and cognitive research; Social bottlenecks include the integration of artificial intelligence systems and human society, such as cultural differences, ethics, privacy protection, etc. "Overcoming these bottlenecks requires interdisciplinary cooperation and continuous innovation efforts. Only by making breakthroughs in technology, biology and society can general intelligence move towards a more mature and comprehensive development, but it is extremely difficult to achieve."
Although there are many problems and challenges, Zhang Rui firmly believes that with the progress of technology and the gradual improvement of relevant management measures, humanoid robots will show their unique charm in more fields and make more contributions to the development of society. ▲
Massive information, accurate interpretation, all in Sina Finance APP
