Original title: The proportion of housing related loans of 5 listed banks exceeded the standard
● Our reporter Huang Yiling
According to the statistics of China Securities Journal, as of April 5, 21 A-share listed banks had released their 2020 annual reports. Among them, bank for economic construction 、 Postal Savings Bank 、 China Merchants Bank 、 CITIC Bank 、 Industrial Bank The proportion of real estate loans or personal housing loans exceeds the standard.
Some indicators of 5 banks exceed the upper limit
Among the 21 listed banks mentioned above, there are 14 state-owned banks (6) and joint-stock commercial banks (8), accounting for nearly 70%.
According to the new regulation of real estate loan concentration, the upper limit of the proportion of real estate loans of large Chinese funded banks (first tier) and medium-sized Chinese funded banks (second tier) is 40% and 27.5% respectively; The upper limit of individual housing loans is 32.5% and 20% respectively. On the whole, in 2020, many listed banks' real estate loans and personal housing loans still maintained a rapid growth. Among them, the proportion of housing related loans of some banks exceeded the standard. It is noteworthy that some banks are approaching the regulatory red line.
Six big state-owned banks are undoubtedly in the first echelon. According to the reporter's statistics, by the end of 2020, the proportion of real estate loans of six major banks was below the red line, including China Construction Bank and Bank of China It accounts for more than 39%, approaching the red line of 40%. In terms of the proportion of personal housing loans, China Construction Bank (34.73%) and Postal Savings Bank (34%) exceeded the red line of 32.5%. Bank of Communications It is least affected by the concentration ratio of real estate loans, which accounts for 28.07% of real estate loans and 22.12% of personal housing loans.
Joint stock commercial banks ranked second. Among the eight banks that have disclosed their annual reports, by the end of 2020, the real estate loans of China Merchants Bank and Industrial Bank accounted for 33.12% and 34.56% respectively, and the personal housing loans accounted for 25.35% and 26.55% respectively, both exceeding the upper limits of 27.5% and 20%. The proportion of personal housing loans of CITIC Bank also exceeded 20%, and the proportion of real estate loans approached the red line of 27.5%.
The overall impact is controllable
Although the housing related loan indicators of individual banks exceed the red line, the overall impact is controllable.
Lian Ping, chief economist of Zhixin Investment and president of the research institute, once wrote that from the information of listed banks and the open market, the scale of banks that need to adjust housing related loans is relatively limited, and the balance of real estate loans involved accounts for about 25% of the balance of housing related loans of the entire financial institutions, mainly concentrated in CCB, Postal Savings Bank, China Merchants Bank Industrial and other large and medium-sized Chinese funded banks. Assuming that the overall loan growth of these banks is stable, the average house related loan of each bank will increase by 100 billion yuan to 150 billion yuan in 2021, accounting for 5% - 10% of their respective house related loans, 1% - 3% of their respective bank loan balance, and about 1.5% of their banking real estate loans, the scale of adjustment is not large, and there is still a 2-4 year rectification period. Most banks have not stepped on the red line, so it is objectively possible to fill the vacancy.
CCB is the bank with the largest loan scale in the field of real estate, and also the bank with the highest proportion of personal housing loans. Lv Jiajin, Vice President of CCB, said at the performance briefing that the transition period of the new regulation on housing loan concentration is relatively abundant, and the excessive part of CCB will be digested year by year. "On the premise of meeting regulatory requirements, CCB will take various measures to steadily promote the steady development of public real estate business, maintain a reasonable and moderate growth of personal housing mortgage loans, and orderly reduce the proportion of real estate related loans in all loans."
Zhu Jiangtao, chief risk officer of China Merchants Bank, said that the overall impact of the new regulation on real estate concentration on China Merchants Bank could be controlled. In the future, China Merchants Bank will accelerate the adjustment of internal asset structure according to the regulatory requirements on housing related loan concentration, and will adjust along two directions: on the one hand, increase the allocation of investment assets, including central bank bills, national debt, local government special bonds Commercial bank bonds, etc; On the other hand, under the premise of controllable risks, we will increase efforts to develop inclusive microenterprises, consumer loans, new momentum and new economy, supply chain finance and other businesses.
Continuous increase of supervision
It can be expected that 2021 will be a year of strong supervision of real estate loans.
On March 22, the People's Bank of China held a symposium on the optimization and adjustment of the credit structure of 24 major banks in China in Beijing. The symposium emphasized that we should adhere to the orientation of "housing is for living, not for speculation", maintain the continuity, consistency and stability of real estate financial policies, implement a prudent management system for real estate finance, and increase financial support for housing leasing.
On March 26, the General Office of the Bank of China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development and the General Office of the People's Bank of China jointly issued the Notice on Preventing Loans for Business Purposes from Illegally Flowing into the Real Estate Field, which focuses on strengthening borrower qualification verification, strengthening credit demand review, strengthening loan term management, strengthening loan collateral management, strengthening management during and after loans In terms of strengthening the internal management of banks, we urged banking financial institutions to further strengthen their prudent and compliant operations, and strictly prevented loans for business purposes from flowing into the real estate sector in violation of regulations. At the same time, it is required to further strengthen the management of intermediary institutions, establish a "blacklist" of violations, and increase punishment accountability and regular disclosure.
Zhongtai Securities Dai Zhifeng, director of the Institute, said that financial institutions should be guided to optimize their credit structure by improving the system of structural monetary policy tools. The core is to guide bank credit resources to invest in the real economy such as small and micro businesses, inclusive, manufacturing, etc.
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