Original title: The next ten days will be sunny and hot in Huanghuai, North China. Pay attention to timely irrigation to ensure the smooth progress of summer planting. Source: Southern Wheat Network
1、 Analysis of weather characteristics and agricultural impacts this week
1.1 Weather characteristics of this week
This week (from June 2 to June 8, 2024), the temperature in eastern Inner Mongolia, southern North China, most of the Yellow River and Huaihe River, and southern Southwest China is 1~2 ℃ higher, while the temperature in western Xinjiang, eastern Northwest China, eastern Southwest China, and most of the southern Yangtze River is 1~4 ℃ lower, and the temperature in other regions is close to the same period of a normal year (Figure 1). The precipitation in the middle of Northwest China, most of Northeast China, northern North China, northern Jiangnan and northeastern Inner Mongolia is 10~50 mm, the precipitation in southern Jiangnan, southern China and eastern Southwest China is 50~100 mm, and the precipitation in local areas is 100~250 mm, which is 1~2 times more than that in the same period of normal years. The precipitation in other agricultural areas in China is less than 10 mm or no precipitation (Figure 2). The sunshine hours in most agricultural areas across the country are close to or less than 20% to 50% of the same period of the year, including less than 15 hours in Jiangnan, South China, and the eastern part of Southwest China, which is 5% to 80% less than the same period of the year (Figure 3).
Figure 1 National Average Temperature Anomaly
Figure 2 Precipitation in China
Figure 3 Percentage of National Sunshine Anomaly 1.2 Impact analysis of weather on agricultural production this week
This week, the northern winter wheat area is dominated by sunny to cloudy weather, which is conducive to the milking of wheat and the machine harvest and drying of mature wheat; The temperature in the south of North China and most parts of the Yellow River and Huaihe River is relatively high, and the soil moisture continues to deviate Corn , Summer soybean Sowing and seedling emergence are unfavorable. The northwest spring sowing area has multiple intermittent precipitation, which is conducive to the growth of spring maize, spring wheat and other spring sowing crops. The rainfall days in the northern part of Northeast China range from 3 to 6 days, which is not conducive to soil moisture dissipation in the early waterlogged areas, and is not conducive to the growth of dry crop roots and facility agricultural production; The mid week precipitation in the central and southern regions, combined with the gradual rise in temperature, is beneficial to the growth of soybean, corn and other crops. The rainy and sunny weather in most parts of South China affects the differentiation of young panicles of early rice and the formation of fruit quality of economic forests; In addition, frequent precipitation is not conducive to the development of pest control.
2、 Prediction and suggestions on the impact of future weather on agricultural production
It is expected that in the next 10 days, the summer harvest area will be dominated by sunny weather, which is conducive to winter wheat harvest and drying; North China, Huang Huai and other places have higher temperature and less precipitation, and the soil moisture shortage in Anhui, Henan, southern Hebei and other places will continue or intensify; There is a precipitation process in the eastern part of North China on 18-19 days, which is conducive to soil moisture increase, summer maize sowing and the growth of crops in the field. There are many sunny days in northwest China, which are conducive to the growth of spring corn, spring wheat and other crops. The temperature in most parts of Northeast China is close to the same period of the year, with multi intermittent precipitation. The precipitation in the central and eastern parts of Heilongjiang, Jilin and central Liaoning is 50~80mm, which is generally conducive to the growth of corn, soybeans and other dry land crops; The soil of some low-lying farmland in the southeast of Heilongjiang will continue to be excessively wet, and the risk of waterlogging is high. Most areas in the south continued to rain. On October 12 and 13-15, there were heavy to heavy rains in most parts of the south of the Yangtze River, most parts of South China and the eastern part of southwest China. Local heavy rains, accompanied by thunderstorms and gales and other strong convective weather, were not conducive to the quality improvement and mature picking of early rice jointing booting, heading, litchi and other fruits (Figure 4).
Suggestion: The wheat harvest area should do a good job of agricultural machinery scheduling, seize the sunny weather to speed up the progress of mechanical harvest, ensure that the particles are returned to the warehouse and pay attention to ventilation storage. In summer planting areas, we should pay close attention to the change of soil moisture, and actively cultivate soil moisture and sow or irrigate "masked water" after sowing in areas lacking soil moisture; Timely check the seedlings of the emerging plots, reseed as soon as possible in case of lack of seedlings and ridge cutting, pay close attention to the weather, and timely water to cool down and protect seedlings. In the areas with more precipitation in the south, we should do a good job in the water storage of Shantang Reservoir, clean ditches and channels in time for low-lying farmland with poor drainage, drain waterlogging and reduce waterlogging, manage fertilizer and water in rice fields, monitor and prevent pests and diseases during the intermittent rainfall, and timely harvest mature vegetables and fruits, etc. to avoid heavy rainfall.
Figure 4 Focus of Agricultural Meteorology in the Next Ten Days Table 1 Statistics of winter wheat development process in major producing provinces this week
Table 2 Statistics of Development Process of Double Cropping Early Rice in Main Producing Provinces this Week
Table 3 Statistics of the Development Process of One Season Rice in Main Producing Provinces this Week
Table 4 Statistics of development process of spring maize in main producing provinces this week
Schedule 5 Major provinces of production this week cotton Development process statistics
Table 6 Statistics of Soybean Development Process in Main Producing Provinces this Week
Fig. 1 20cm soil moisture
Fig. 2 Statistics of soil moisture content of 20cm by province on June 8 (percentage of stations)
Fig. 3 Meteorological Suitability Index for Spring Maize Growth (Source: Central Weather Station)
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