Central Meteorological Observatory: National Agrometeorological Weekly Report (June 10, 2024)

Source: Website of the Central Meteorological Observatory

　　 The next ten days Sunny and hot weather in Huanghuai, North China be careful Timely irrigation to ensure smooth summer planting

　　 1、 This week Weather characteristics And agricultural impact analysis

　　 one ．1 Weather characteristics of this week

　　 This week (2024 six month two Day- six month eight day ）， Eastern Inner Mongolia, southern North China, most of the Yellow River and Huaihe River, southern Southwest China Temperature deviation high 1~2℃， Western Xinjiang East of Northwest China, East of Southwest China Most of the south of the Yangtze River Regional temperature Low one ~ four ℃ The temperature in other regions is close to the same period of the year (Figure 1) 。 Middle of Northwest China Most of Northeast China Northern North China North of Jiangnan and Inner Mongolia Northeast region The precipitation is 10~50 mm, South of Jiangnan south China And Southwest China east Department Equidistant Precipitation five zero ~100mm, locally 100-250mm, 1 more than the same period of the year~ two Times, other rural areas in China Rainfall less than 10mm or no precipitation (Figure 2) 。 Rizhao in most agricultural areas of the country Hours Near the same period of the year or less 20% to 50%, among Jiangnan, South China and the East of Southwest China Equal sunshine hours less than 1 five Hours, compared with the same period of the year 50% to 80% less (Figure 3).

Figure 1 National Average Temperature Anomaly

Figure 2 Precipitation in China

Figure 3 Percentage of National Sunshine Anomaly

　　 one ．2 Impact of weather on agricultural production this week

　　 Winter wheat area in the north this week The weather is mainly sunny to cloudy, which is conducive to the milking of wheat and the machine harvest and drying of mature wheat ； North China south and Most of Huanghuai River The temperature is on the high side, Continuous deviation of soil moisture summer Corn , Summer soybean sow And out seedling Unfavorable 。 northwest Spring sowing area Multiform precipitation ， benefit Growth of spring sown crops such as spring corn and spring wheat 。 Northeast China north Department There are 3 rainy days ~ six day , which is not conducive to the early waterlogged areas soil Scatter moisture, right dry farmland crop root system grow And facility agriculture production Unfavorable ； Central and Southern Region Mid week rainfall, plus air temperature gradually Rebound , Yes Soybean, corn, etc crop seedling grow Beneficial 。 south Most It's rainy and sunny, influence Young panicle differentiation of early rice 、 Economic forest Fruit quality formation ； In addition, frequent precipitation is not conducive to Disease and pest control Development of 。

　　 II Prediction and suggestions on the impact of future weather on agricultural production

　　 Expected future 10 Days, The summer harvest area is dominated by sunny weather , which is beneficial to winter wheat harvesting and drying; North China 、 Huanghuai and other places High temperature 、 Less precipitation ， Anhui, Henan, southern Hebei, etc Soil moisture shortage in some areas Will continue or exacerbate ； There is a precipitation process in the eastern part of North China on 18-19 days, which is conducive to the increase of soil moisture, To the summer Corn etc. Sowing and field crop growth are favorable 。 Northwest China many Sunny weather is good for Spring corn, spring wheat, etc Crop growth. Northeast China Most of the temperature is close to the same period of the year Intermittent precipitation ， Middle East Heilongjiang, Jilin and Central Liaoning Some regions precipitation 50~80mm , generally beneficial to dry lands such as corn and soybeans crop Growth; Southeast Heilongjiang part Low-lying farmland soil Will continue to be excessively wet , waterlogging Harm occurrence risk higher 。 Most parts of the south continue to rain, one zero -12th 、 13-15 Most of Jiangnan, most of South China and the eastern part of Southwest China Heavy rain, local Heavy rain, accompanied by thunderstorm, gale and other severe convective weather ， Unfavorable Jointing, booting and heading of early rice litchi Such as fruit quality improvement and mature picking (Figure 4) 。

　　 Suggestion: The wheat harvest area should do a good job in agricultural machinery scheduling and seize the sunny weather to speed up the mechanical harvest progress ， Ensure that the particles are returned to the warehouse and be careful Ventilated storage 。 Summer planting areas should pay close attention to the change of soil moisture, Soil moisture deficient area Actively cultivate soil moisture and sow seeds OR broadcast Post watering "masked water"; Sprouting plot Timely check seedlings and reseed as soon as possible in case of lack of seedlings and ridge breaking ， Pay close attention weather condition , timely watering for cooling and seedling protection 。 In areas with more precipitation in the south Do a good job in water storage of Shantang Reservoir , low-lying farmland with poor drainage Timely Clear ditches and manage canals to drain waterlogging and reduce waterlogging ， Make use of intermittent rainfall water Fertility and Water Management and Diseases and Insects in Paddy Fields harm Monitoring and prevention work, Avoid strong precipitation Timely period Collect ripe vegetables and fruits etc. 。

Figure 4 Focus of Agricultural Meteorology in the Next Ten Days

Appendix I Monitoring of Crop Growth and Development

　　 Schedule one Statistics of winter wheat development in major provinces this week

　　 Schedule two Statistics of development process of double cropping early rice in major provinces this week

　　 Schedule three Statistics on the development process of one season rice in major provinces this week

　　 Schedule four Statistics of development process of spring maize in major provinces this week

　　 Schedule five Major province of production this week cotton Development process statistics

　　 Schedule six Statistics of soybean development in major provinces this week

Annex II. Soil moisture monitoring

　　 Attached drawings one 20cm soil moisture

　　 Attached drawings two six month eight Statistics of soil moisture of 20cm per day by province (percentage of stations)

Appendix III Meteorological Suitability Index for Crop Growth

　　 Attached drawings 3 Meteorological suitability index for spring maize growth

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Editor in charge: Dai Ming SF006