Securities Times reporter Kuang Jixiong
According to the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team of the Institute's Solid Energy System Technology Center has made use of melt bonding technology to dry prepare ultra-thin sulfide solid electrolyte film with excellent flexibility. Its excellent mechanical properties, ionic conductivity and stress dissipation characteristics can effectively inhibit the mechanical failure caused by uneven internal stress of the battery. The integrated all solid state battery prepared by the method has excellent interface stability and long cycle performance.
At present, liquid battery is the mainstream technology of lithium battery in the world, and its process and supply chain are mature. However, the intrinsic safety problems and energy density of battery limit its further development. All solid state batteries use solid electrolyte instead of flammable and explosive electrolyte to achieve intrinsic safety of batteries. At the same time, positive and negative electrode materials with higher specific capacity can be used to break through the "ceiling" of energy density of lithium batteries, and become an inevitable choice to comprehensively improve the performance of lithium batteries.
According to different electrolyte types, solid state batteries mainly include three technical routes: polymer, oxide and sulfide. Compared with other two types of solid state batteries, sulfide electrolyte has the highest ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, good flexibility and plasticity, and is one of the most ideal solid state electrolytes at present.
At present, major overseas enterprises, such as Toyota and Samsung SDI, have chosen the sulfide route as the technology direction of solid state batteries, and mainly focus on the research and development of all solid state batteries; Domestic enterprises, such as Weilan and Qingtao, have chosen the oxide route and developed and produced semi-solid batteries first. Although there are some differences in the choice of technology paths among enterprises, from the current trend, oxides and semi-solid, sulfides and all solid state become the mainstream, and sulfides may become the final technology path of all solid state batteries.
The research results of the research team are of great significance to the commercialization of sulfide all solid state batteries, and provide a useful reference for future scientific research and process technology development of all solid state batteries.
Several A-share companies
Disclosure of layout progress
On the A-share market, several companies recently disclosed their layout progress through interactive platforms.
Blue Ocean Huateng The research and development of the sulfide all solid lithium battery invested in the high-energy era is progressing smoothly. At present, the development of the 20Ah class all solid state battery cell sample A has been completed. At the same time, the high-energy era is building a pilot line. It is expected that the mass production of small cells within 5Ah can be achieved by the end of 2024. The recent performance of the stock has been strong. The monthly K line has been positive for three consecutive months, and the stock price has risen by more than 200% since the low point in February.
Xiamen Tungsten New Energy In terms of cathode materials of solid state batteries, we focused on the matching of cathode materials and solid electrolyte, and achieved initial mass production in terms of halide and sulfide all solid state batteries.
Rongbai Technology We have completed the development of sulfide, oxide and other solid electrolyte materials, and successfully developed wet and dry electrode preparation of solid electrolyte membrane technology. We have cooperated with customers at home and abroad, and won praise from customers.
Dangsheng Technology It has carried out research and development investment for many years in the field of solid lithium battery cathode materials and solid electrolyte. It has systematically laid out the key material technology routes for mainstream solid batteries such as oxides, sulfides, polymers, which can be applied to semi-solid and all solid batteries. Relevant solid lithium battery products have achieved mass sales.
Enjie Shares The all solid state project was arranged three years ago, mainly engaged in the research and development of all solid sulfide, solid electrolyte and other related materials, and achieved breakthroughs in technology and mass production in 2023.
Industry demand will grow rapidly
In recent years, countries have accelerated the layout of solid-state battery industry, launched relevant policies and plans, and defined the main development goals of solid-state batteries.
For example, in the United States, funded by the Department of Energy, start-ups led research and development, and reached cooperation with many automobile enterprises. The goal is to achieve 500Wh/kg of solid state battery energy density by 2030. Japan has built a joint research and development system between automobile enterprises and battery factories, and strives to achieve the commercialization of all solid state batteries by 2030, with the energy density target of 500Wh/kg.
Domestically, in October 2020, the Technical Roadmap for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles, which was prepared under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and led by the Chinese Society of Automotive Engineering, pointed out that by 2025 and 2030, the energy density of single power battery needs to reach 400Wh/kg and 500Wh/kg respectively. At present, it is difficult for the liquid lithium battery system to achieve an energy density of more than 300Wh/kg, so it is planned to focus on solid state batteries to improve the energy density of batteries and reduce their costs.
In January 2023, the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Energy Electronics Industry jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments further proposed to strengthen the research on solid state battery standard system.
According to the prediction of Guosheng Securities, the global demand for solid state batteries will be 17.3GWh in 2025. By 2030, the global demand for solid state batteries is expected to exceed the market size of 200GWh, with a compound annual growth rate of 65.8% from 2025 to 2030.
From the industry level, the advantages of solid state batteries lie in safety and endurance, and they are expected to be applied in the flight end, new energy vehicle end, consumer electronics end and energy storage end in the future. For example, at the flight end, low altitude economy is expected to open the growth space for solid state batteries.
In March 2024, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other four departments jointly released the Implementation Plan for Innovative Application of General Aviation Equipment (2024-2030), proposing that by 2027, new general aviation equipment will be commercialized in urban air transportation, logistics, emergency services and other fields; By 2030, the scale of low altitude economy is expected to reach trillion yuan.
New general aviation equipment, such as electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (eVTOL), puts forward strict standards for battery technology, emphasizing high energy density, safety and magnification performance, which is highly consistent with the characteristics of solid state batteries. The rapid development of eVTOL is expected to accelerate the industrialization of solid state batteries.
Organizations Gather together and Watch 16 Stocks
According to the statistics of Securities Times · Databao, among the solid battery concept stocks, Yiwei Lithium Energy (Rights protection) 、 Neozeus 16 shares were rated positively by more than 10 institutions (including buying, shareholding increase, strong recommendation, etc.), and the institutions unanimously predicted that the growth rate of net profit this year is expected to exceed 20%. among Zhongtian Technology (Rights protection) 、 GAC Group 、 Zhuhai Guanyu Three shares were purchased by Beishang Capital in a large amount within the year.
Zhongtian Technology was unanimously predicted by 18 institutions that the growth rate of net profit this year would reach 23.70%, and by May 21, it had received a net purchase of 106 million shares from Beishang Capital. On the interactive platform, Zhongtian Technology said that the company had already laid out solid state battery research in the early stage, and the semi-solid state battery based on the existing production line has been pilot tested.
GAC Group was unanimously predicted by 10 institutions that the growth rate of net profit this year would reach 31.28%, and the net purchase of 28.894 million shares by Beishang Capital during the year. In November last year, GAC Group said on its official micro blog that through the special design of solid electrolyte composition, GAC Ai'an Laboratory induced the formation of an interface buffer layer on the negative electrode surface, which can effectively reduce the interface impedance, improve the interface stability, and solve the problem of large impedance caused by solid contact of conventional solid battery interface The problem of poor stability and the further problems of serious power decay and shortened life caused by it have realized the breakthrough of solid-state batteries from laboratory to mass production application.
Zhuhai Guanyu was unanimously predicted by 14 institutions that the growth rate of net profit this year would reach 133.70%, and the net purchase of 11.2642 million shares by Beishang Capital in this year. Since May, Zhuhai Guanyu has risen 17.33%. Zhuhai Guanyu said in its 2023 annual report that the company has developed special cathode materials for solid state batteries, effectively solving the problem of poor compatibility between the cathode and electrolyte interface of solid state batteries, and has prepared solid state battery samples with energy density up to 350Wh/kg by using the solid electrolyte film and special cathode materials.
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