Wang Ning, secretary of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee, said in the signed article published in the third journal of Window of Yunling in 2024, "We should optimize the way of interest connection, so that enterprises, farmers, cooperatives and village collectives can have reasonable benefits.". It is necessary to link the support policies such as rewards and subsidies for the operation subject of agriculture related to agriculture with the actual effect of enterprises in driving farmers' income increase. It is not just the form of the joint venture, but also the actual income increase of farmers. "

At the end of April, the reporter visited Zhenyuan Yi, Hani and Lahu Autonomous County, which is located in the southwest of Yunnan Province, between Ailao Mountain and Wuliang Mountain, for several consecutive days to see how the local government can establish and improve the benefit linkage mechanism of "taking a long time, taking stability and taking reality", improve the "gold content" of linkage agriculture, and let farmers reasonably share the value-added benefits of the whole industrial chain.

Wanshichao is watering vegetables. Photographed by Cheng Hao, a reporter of People's Daily Online

Visible income increase

At the site of Xiajianma hybrid photovoltaic power generation project in Minjiang Village, Enle Town, Zhenyuan County, a large number of photovoltaic panels undulated with the mountains. Under the photovoltaic panel, Wanshichao is watering vegetables such as melons, taros and cabbage that have just been planted for a month. "Every day I can earn more than 100 yuan, and the village will pay wages," he said.

The mountainous area of Zhenyuan County accounts for more than 90% of the total area of the county. The local area uses the mountainous terrain to introduce Huaneng Lancangjiang (Puer) New Energy Co., Ltd. to develop the photovoltaic industry. "We transferred 525 mu of farmers' land, and paid 25 years of land transfer funds and young crops compensation in a lump sum last year. During the construction period of the project, about 200 jobs were provided every day." When referring to the income increase points brought by the project to farmers, Liu Haoheng, the manager of the Xiajiama hybrid photovoltaic power generation project construction unit, said.

More importantly, after the construction of the project, the construction unit will return the land used for the PV plant to the village committee for management, and subsidize 500000 yuan to build a water supply pipe network and a reservoir to guide the village to develop shade loving vegetable planting on hillsides, which not only increases the village's collective income, but also drives farmers to work nearby.

Some time ago, the village committee of Minle Village planted 30 mu of vegetables under photovoltaic panels. "If the harvest is good, we will expand the planting area, which is expected to increase the collective income of the village by 200000 yuan every year," said Li Taijun, deputy mayor of Enle Town.

If the benefit linking mechanism of "agriculture and light complementation" of Xiajiaoma hybrid photovoltaic power generation project has not yet been realized to benefit more farmers, the "1234+N" agriculture related and agriculture leading mechanism promoted by Yunnan Fulong Agricultural Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Fulong Company), located in the suburb of Zhenyuan County, has benefited many village collectives, cooperatives and farmers growing vegetables.

"1" means "one return". Fulong Company purchases vegetables from farmers at the market price and returns them to the cooperatives or village collectives that mobilize farmers to plant vegetables at a price of 0.25 yuan per kilogram, which not only increases farmers' income, but also strengthens the village collective economy and the strength of cooperatives. "2" means "two determinations". The company formulates technical standards for the production of various vegetables and purchase standards to ensure the quality of vegetables. "3" means "three guarantees". The company sets up a technical team, including planting technical guidance and product purchase and sales, to ensure stable income of farmers. "4" means "four exemptions". The company provides vegetable seeds, chemical fertilizers, agricultural films and pesticides free of charge to solve the difficulties of farmers' early capital investment. "N" means "N+". The company creates conditions for local labor force to work nearby, with annual seasonal employment of more than 40000 people.

In recent years, not only Fulong Company, but also Zhenyuan County has cultivated and introduced 47 vegetable enterprises in combination with its resource advantages, and explored a practical mechanism of combining agriculture with agriculture to increase farmers' income. In 2023, 106000 mu of vegetables will be planted in the county, driving 17836 households in 109 villages to plant vegetables, with an output of 138000 tons and an output value of 536 million yuan.

Duan Ping is picking tea. Photographed by Cheng Hao, a reporter of People's Daily Online

Tangible income

From the case of Fulong Company, it can be seen that in order to establish a lasting and stable mechanism, the main role of the upper market and the lower farmers is crucial. Zhenyuan County helps the steady development of all business entities by means of "the government sets up the stage and enterprises sing the opera".

In late April, a citrus sorting line was sorting fresh oranges at the Haichuan citrus farmers' professional cooperative citrus sorting plant in the northern cold chain logistics park of Zhenyuan County. "The sorting line was built by the government with the funds for rural revitalization. We rented it for use, which solved the problem of sorting fruits in Dali and Yuxi in the past, and reduced the burden of the cooperative," said Li Shihua, the head of the cooperative.

Coincidentally, with the support of local relevant departments, in 2022, the production technology of "Taihe sweet tea" with a history of more than 300 years will be included in the provincial intangible cultural heritage representative project list, and Duan Ping, who is familiar with the production technology of "Taihe sweet tea", will also be included in the 2023 rural culture and tourism leader support project in Yunnan Province.

The government helps the business entities to develop steadily, and in turn, the business entities help the industrial development and increase the income of farmers through agricultural cooperation. Li Shihua said that the cooperative will share the relatively mature citrus planting management model summarized over the years with its members to drive more farmers to plant citrus. In 2023, Haichuan Citrus Farmers' Professional Cooperative will sell more than 8000 tons of citrus, with an output value of more than 50 million yuan.

In order to inherit the production skills of "Taihe sweet tea" and drive more tea farmers to increase their income, Duan Ping established a tea preliminary production institute in Dazunshan Group, Shanjie Village, Zhentai Town, and established an interest connection mechanism with 26 tea farmers. On weekdays, she often goes into the ancient tea garden of tea farmers to cut branches, prevent pests... and manage the tea garden in a modern way. A few years ago, tea farmers only sold more than 10 yuan per kilogram of fresh leaves. In the past two years, they can sell more than 80 yuan.

He Li (right) sorts ginseng fruits on the ground. Photographed by Cheng Hao, a reporter of People's Daily Online

Re innovation of mechanism

If the mechanism of "cooperatives+farmers" is relatively traditional, Zhenyuan County has also innovated the interest connection mechanism by scientifically and reasonably determining the driving mode and the degree of benefit, connecting all links in the agricultural industry chain, so that farmers can share more benefits in the process of in-depth participation.

The planting period of ginseng fruit is short and the effect is fast. Relying on the climate advantage, Zhenyuan County guides Zhenyuan Yingcheng Agricultural Development Professional Cooperative to develop ginseng fruit industry. In order to help farmers increase their income, the cooperatives hand over the transferred land to farmers for management. They are responsible for the sales of technology and products, and farmers are responsible for the management, protection and picking. After the ginseng fruit is sold, the benefits will be distributed.

Since September last year, farmer He Li helped the cooperative manage 8 mu of ginseng fruit. When the sales were completed in July this year, she could get 35% of the sales revenue. "It is estimated that she can get about 80000 yuan, with a good income and close to home," she said with a smile while picking fruit in the field.

At the planting base of Agaricus bisporus in Hexi Village, Gucheng Town, Zhenyuan County, migrant workers are busy picking agaricus bisporus. Photographed by Cheng Hao, a reporter of People's Daily Online

The cultivation base of Agaricus bisporus located in Hexi Village, Gucheng Town, Zhenyuan County is operated by Shanghai Lianzhong Edible Fungi Professional Cooperative (hereinafter referred to as Lianzhong Cooperative). At present, white round bisporus mushrooms are growing well in the base, and more than 20 migrant workers are busy picking fresh mushrooms.

The base is jointly built by Shanghai Jinshan District, China Baowu Iron and Steel Group and Zhenyuan County, and the asset ownership belongs to Zhenyuan Village Association Comprehensive Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the Village Association Company) - jointly established by 29 villages in the county involved. In terms of interests, Lianzhong Cooperative pays rent to the village association company at 6.2% of the project investment every year, which can realize an annual rent income of more than 2.3 million yuan. At the same time, Lianzhong Cooperative carried out corresponding training and guidance, striving to cultivate the village association company into a dominant business entity in the local edible fungus industry, laying a solid foundation for independent operation in the next step.

"Next, we will also mobilize surrounding farmers to plant agaricus blazei, which is relatively easy, and the cooperatives will recycle it on behalf of farmers to help them broaden their income channels," said Wu Peilin, a staff member of Lianzhong Cooperative.

In Yunnan Kucong Impression Palm Industry Co., Ltd., a worker is sorting raw palm materials purchased by the company. Photographed by Cheng Hao, a reporter of People's Daily Online

Continuous solution of problems

Various forms of agricultural related business entities, holding farmers and connecting with the market, not only promote farmers' income, but also help county economic development. Up to now, 116 professional cooperatives from 32 enterprises in Zhenyuan County have established interest ties with 11196 households with 38987 people who have been deprived of poverty and the monitoring objects, realizing the full coverage of the monitoring objects who have the conditions for industrial development.

It can be seen that under the leadership of the Party Committee and the government, Zhenyuan County has many models and wide coverage of the mechanism of combining agriculture with farmers, but there are still hidden risks. In particular, some business entities have short industrial chains, weak competitiveness, insufficient radiation and weak driving force. There are also some specialized cooperatives that fail to share risks, and their costs remain high, making their development unsustainable.

In the face of problems, many cooperatives focus on their own weak links, or optimize the model of agriculture related and agriculture related, or promote deep processing of products to improve the ability of agriculture related and agriculture related.

Zhenyuan is a major pig raising county in Pu'er. In 2023, 780000 local pigs will be sold, ranking first in the city. Zhenyuan Nongkang Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. is a leading enterprise in the local breeding industry. In order to reduce its own breeding costs and help more farmers increase their income, in addition to its own breeding farms, the company has also established an interest linking mechanism with farmers through the "farmhouse generation+enterprise recovery" model.

How to operate? "The company organizes farmers to build energy-saving and environment-friendly pig houses, and provides free fattening pigs, feed, drugs, and technical services. When the fattening pigs reach the standard, they will be recycled uniformly, and each one will pay farmers 200 to 300 yuan of wages for the surrogate breeding," said Chen Xiaogang, the company's head.

Yunnan Kucong Impression Palm Industry Co., Ltd., located in Xinwen Village, Zhedong Town, Zhenyuan County, is an enterprise integrating palm tree seedling raising, planting, palm product R&D, processing and sales. In 2013, the company initiated the establishment of Zhenyuan Yuanyi Palm Planting Professional Cooperative (hereinafter referred to as Yuanyi Cooperative) to help farmers increase income in the mode of "company+cooperative+village service department+farmers".

In the opinion of Zhou Fushun, the head of Yuanyi Cooperative, in order to continue to combine agriculture with agriculture, the cooperative needs to strengthen its ability to withstand risks. In recent years, the cooperative has improved its competitiveness by developing more palm products and accelerating the cultivation of its own brand. "At present, we have developed more than 30 kinds of palm products with more than 100 specifications, and the influence of our own brands is growing," Zhou said.

A close interest connection mechanism needs strong supervision, otherwise it will affect the standardized and efficient operation of interest connection. In this regard, Zhenyuan County increased supervision, took the ability and efficiency of the business entity to link agriculture and bring agriculture as one of the standards of policy support, rewarded the business entity to link agriculture and strengthen agriculture, promoted the virtuous cycle of agricultural machinery system to link agriculture and bring agriculture more and more "gold".

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