People's Daily (May 13, 2024, 17th Edition)
Recently, the scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences succeeded in trial planting and rapid breeding rice in Hotan desert greenhouse in Xinjiang. Wang Sen, a researcher at the Urban Agriculture Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said, "This trial planting is the local rice variety 'Xindao 1' in Xinjiang, which uses rapid breeding techniques. In February this year, we planted rice seedlings in a multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation tank, which took only 60 days from planting to harvesting."
China is the first country in the world to cultivate rice. The average growth cycle of rice planted in the north and south is 120 to 150 days. Why can the growth cycle of rice in Hotan Desert Greenhouse in Xinjiang be significantly shortened? In 2021, at the Chengdu Plant Factory in Sichuan, Yang Qichang, the chief scientist of the Urban Agriculture Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, will lead a scientific research team to halve the growth period of rice and make a technological breakthrough in continuous breeding throughout the year regardless of season.
Yang Qichang introduced that the cost of planting rice in the plant factory environment is high. "We have always hoped to explore a technological approach that can not only rapidly breed but also significantly reduce costs. Hetian, Xinjiang, has vast deserts and is extremely rich in solar and thermal resources. The cost of land and operation for greenhouse construction is low. If the rapid breeding of crops under the conditions of desert greenhouse can be realized, the cost will be significantly reduced."
The team used precisely formulated nutrient solution to replace soil for cultivation in Hetian, and then carried out light control and temperature control intervention on rice through multi spectral LED light source and environmental control technology. After more than two years of experiments, the team finally overcame the key technology of rapid breeding and growth of rice under desert greenhouse conditions.
After halving the growth period of rice, Yang Qichang led his team to explore key technologies for rapid breeding of crops such as soybean, corn, wheat, rape, cotton and alfalfa in the desert greenhouse of Hotan.
Yang Qichang said that the success of trial planting and rapid breeding of rice in Hotan desert greenhouse in Xinjiang has confirmed that it is completely feasible to carry out rapid crop breeding in desert greenhouse environment, which provides an effective means for achieving multiple generations of breeding in desert greenhouse in a year. At the same time, the effectiveness of low-cost, efficient and energy-saving desert multi span greenhouse has also been tested. In the future, this kind of greenhouse can be combined with new energy and other technologies, its construction cost and operation cost will be significantly reduced, and it will also have strong international competitiveness.
(Editor in charge: Chen Xinhui, Yang Rui)
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