Feng Yu

Introduction to the Nest Building Award: As a comprehensive competition platform in the field of Chinese interior design, the Nest Building Award focuses on the exploration and research of the design value of residential space with the human settlement environment as the core, aims to explore young interior designers, establish and disseminate correct design values, and has become a more authoritative and influential competition in the field of Chinese interior design. In 2016, the 7th Nesting Award was launched with the theme of "Nesting Design? Beauty of Habitat", and online registration was adopted. Now, works collection activities are launched nationwide. Click here to see "Nesting Design? Beauty of Habitat"? You can participate in the registration. The following is the appreciation of the entries of the 7th Nesting Award. Designer Profile: Fan Jinfeng, Design Director of Xiamen Qingwu Decoration Design Co., Ltd. Project Name: Leboton Shower Room Display Design Style: Modern Style Competition Category: Shop Work Analysis: Neptum, an advocate who has won the top ten shower brands for many years in a row. He comes from the Greek god of the sea, and aims to create a "natural, healthy, calm, and fashionable mood" The concept of life shower. The product display is simple and generous, and the number of products displayed should be large. The internal area of the site is 75 ㎡, the overhang height is 5 m, and the space is compact. The overall structure is L-shaped. There is no wall partition, built-in mall air conditioner, and the outer edge is 3.4 meters high. Neptunian, The sea god in the western Roman mythology - "Leboton". It is also the international name of the eighth star sea in the solar system. In China, we call it Neptune. In Greece, the sea god is the master of water and the symbol of purity and nature. On the streamline, the exhibition cabinets are arranged alternately, and the concept of BOX is also used on the passageway. Three large grids are formed at the entrance, exhibition area, and reception area, and the grid channel forms a trail loop. The whole streamline has strong fluidity. In terms of materials, attention is paid to environmental protection and cleanliness, and efforts are made to make aesthetic breakthroughs in the use of environmentally friendly materials. In light, the soft film light box has soft light and strong light effect, creating a dreamy and clean light effect. At the same time, the halo reflected by the transparent marble on the ground echoes with the light of the ceiling, and the white pebbles in the corner echo with the hidden spotlights in the golden oak veneer, bringing a mysterious experience. The crisscross light spots, light surfaces, and the overall spatial light sense form an integral whole of the mysterious underwater light sense. The plane material is mainly paved with dark gray rough rock, transparent dolomite and white pebble, and the exhibition cabinet is paved with Yashi white. The whole plane forms a pure and mysterious undersea picture. The perfect combination of ancient oriental Zen and western mythology. This is nesting

What are the misunderstandings of ceramic tile adhesive? Tile pasting is a meticulous job, and the tile glue paving technique is also related to whether the tiles will be empty and fall off in the later period. Many friends will have various problems in the process of using the tile glue. What are the mistakes in using the tile glue? Misuse of ceramic tile glue 1. The ceramic tile glue mixed with cement, sand and other ceramic tile glue is already a well proportioned product, and there is no need to add other things. If added, the product proportioning will be damaged, and the quality cannot be guaranteed, and tile tiling is prone to hollowing, falling off and other problems. 2. Putting the tile glue on the ground and stirring it with a shovel will lead to the loss of effective chemical components of the tile glue; Secondly, it is impossible to mix evenly with a spade, and the proportion of water added by manual mixing is difficult to be accurate. The material ratio has changed, leading to the reduction of the adhesive force of the tile adhesive. 3. For a long time, it is incorrect to put the tile glue in the bucket and soak it with water. Some construction masters are accustomed to using the method of soaking cement to soak the tile glue. For a long time, the mixed tile glue is placed on the ground or in a bucket for soaking, which will easily lead to the lack of bonding strength of the tile glue, resulting in subsequent powder and brick loss. 4. If it has been used for a long time, some masters will mix the tile glue left last night with water and then add water and tile glue powder in the morning to mix. In fact, the effective components of the tile adhesive have chemical reaction due to the long time of placement. Adding water will only change its operating performance, resulting in insufficient bond strength in the later period; Tile glue shall be used as soon as it is stirred, the use time shall be controlled within 2 hours, and it shall be discarded after drying. 5. If the base course is not properly treated, the wall surface is not solid, the base course has defects such as oil stain and release agent, and the base course is not leveled, then tiles are paved. The low strength of the base course, uneven wall surface and greasy dirt will directly affect the adhesive force of the tile glue, leading to hollowing and brick dropping; The unqualified base course shall be treated before tiling. 6. The one-time glue coating area is too large, the surface of the glue is dry and solid, outdoor dry, windy weather, and the area of glue spreading and scraping is too large, and the construction time is too late, which will cause the surface to dry and solid before tiling, which will lead to brick falling; Use tooth scraper to scrape the glue evenly on the working surface. When tiling, the area of tile adhesive tape should be controlled within 1 square meter. In dry weather, the wall should be wetted in advance. 7. Uneven painting and incomplete kneading of ceramic tiles will cause a series of problems: (1) The corners of ceramic tiles are empty, which will lead to brick falling in a long-term humid environment; (2) The tile adhesive is uneven, and the tile adhesive is not firmly and completely bonded; (3) The tiles are not rubbed and pressed, and the glue is not firmly bonded.

Can ceramic tile glue be mixed with cement? All kinds of materials are also being updated step by step, and ceramic tile adhesive is one of them. In the past, most of our bricks were made of cement mortar, but now the technology is developed, and cement mortar has gradually been replaced by ceramic tile adhesive with better performance. Can ceramic tile glue be mixed with cement? Can ceramic tile glue be mixed with cement? Ceramic tile glue cannot be mixed with cement. Some ceramic tile glue will be mixed on the construction site, mainly to save money or cut corners. It can also speed up the drying time and make ceramic tile glue delicate. However, this will affect the performance of ceramic tile glue, leading to decreased adhesion, rotation and hollowing. Tile glue has many advantages, saving space, as long as a thin layer is enough, and the tiles are also very firm, reducing the use of waste materials, meeting environmental requirements, etc. 1. The water storage property of ceramic tile glue is very good, and cement can't compare with it. Ceramic tile glue can better delay the loss of water, so as to achieve more results. 2. Changing the ratio of raw materials of the product at will will inevitably lead to product failure. From the composition of the tile adhesive, we can see that its own composition is sand, which is adjusted according to a certain proportion. The formula of the tile adhesive is the core competitiveness of the product obtained through the constant experiment and practice of the tile adhesive brand manufacturers. We still have to follow the product instructions. 3. Although the price of cement is much lower than that of ceramic tile adhesive, a small amount of ceramic tile adhesive can achieve several times the super adhesive force of cement, which still reduces the amount of materials used. In addition, consider the safety of tiling and the expense of avoiding rework in the future. The ceramic tile adhesive contains a variety of additives, specifically the functionality of the ceramic tile adhesive. Generally, cellulose ether is added to ceramic tile adhesive to provide water retention and thickening, and latex powder is provided to increase the adhesive strength of ceramic tile adhesive. The most common latex powder is vinyl acetate/vinyl ester copolymer, vinyl laurate/vinyl chloride copolymer, acrylic acid and other additives. The addition of latex powder can greatly increase the flexibility of ceramic tile adhesive and improve the role of stress, Increase flexibility. Other ceramic tile adhesives with special functional requirements are added with other additives, such as adding wood fiber to improve the crack resistance and opening time of mortar, adding modified starch ether to provide slip resistance of mortar, adding early strength agent to make ceramic tile adhesive faster improve strength, adding hydrophobic agent to reduce water absorption to provide waterproof effect, etc.

What are the mistakes in the use of waterproof coating? Waterproof coating is an essential material in home decoration, but many friends may buy inferior products because of their inexperience, which has a great impact on people's lives. But it may also cause many problems due to its improper operation. What are the mistakes in the use of waterproof coating? Mistakes in the use of waterproof coating 1. Although instructions for use are attached to the package of waterproof coating when the coating is purchased unevenly, in the actual construction process, the construction personnel perfunctorily stirred or directly mixed it manually with several sticks, which greatly reduced the performance of the cured film because of the performance of waterproof coating and liquid The mixing uniformity of the powder has a great relationship. 2. The package description of the product with too much water will suggest that the paint can be diluted by adding more water than the specified amount of water during the first coating construction, which is conducive to improving the permeability of the paint to the base course and improving the adhesion to the base course. However, due to lack of professional knowledge, many construction personnel will add water at will when using, which is counterproductive and will seriously damage the formula proportion of waterproof coating and affect its film performance. 3. The construction of waterproof coating for over dry or over wet base course requires high temperature and humidity. The suitable temperature is 5 ℃~35 ℃, and the humidity is 50%~70%. It does not mean that construction can be carried out under any humid climatic environment or very high moisture content of the base course. Too high moisture content of the base course and too humid climatic conditions are detrimental to the curing and film forming of polymer emulsion, and will reduce the elongation of the film. At the same time, the cement in the waterproof coating is solidified by water. Too dry base course and climatic conditions are unfavorable to cement solidification, so during construction in hot and dry seasons, the base course shall be sprayed with a little water before construction.

Waterborne paint VS oil-based paint? The comparison between water-based coatings and oil-based coatings should be based on the products of the same grade. Many people are not particularly clear about water-based coatings and oil-based coatings. What are the differences between water-based coatings and oil-based coatings? Waterborne coatings VS oil-based coatings Waterborne coatings have three types: one is water-based wood coatings with acrylic acid as the main component; The second is the composition of acrylic acid and polyurethane; Third, 100% polyurethane waterborne coatings, whose abrasion resistance is even several times that of oil-based coatings, are the advanced products in waterborne coatings. 1： Environmental protection From the perspective of environmental protection, water-based coatings have natural advantages over oil-based coatings (solvent based wood coatings). In theory, The lower the VOC content, the higher the environmental protection. However, the lower the VOC content has an impact on the abrasion resistance, hardness and scratch resistance of the oily coating. The above indicators have always been the technical problems of water-based coatings that need to be overcome. How to achieve both environmental protection and high quality is the focus of technical research of major coating manufacturers. 2： The technical requirements of cost-effective waterborne coatings on drying time, hardness, fullness and other properties are relatively high, the manufacturing process is relatively complex, and large-scale production equipment is required to produce products with relatively stable performance, and the production cost is relatively high. This is also the reason why the price of water-based coatings of the same grade is much higher than that of oil-based coatings. 3： Abrasion resistant water-based wood coatings are far inferior to oil-based wood coatings in terms of hardness, fullness, aging resistance and other decorative effects. Consumers with high requirements for home environment may even redecorate after three to five years. Because the abrasion resistance of general water-based coatings is not high, most consumers choose to use water-based coatings only on the wall, and oil-based coatings are used for parts that are often scrubbed, such as doors, windows and furniture. No matter it is water-based paint or oil-based paint, it should not rely too much on a certain kind of paint for home decoration. It should be a combination of the two to achieve the best painting effect. Therefore, we must specifically understand the difference between water-based paint and oil-based paint before painting.

How to choose waterproof materials? In the process of waterproofing, the selection of waterproof coating plays a vital role. However, many users are not very familiar with waterproof coating. How to choose waterproof materials? How to choose waterproof materials? 1. When purchasing waterproof materials, it is necessary to distinguish between flexibility and rigidity. Many people do not know the difference between rigidity and flexibility when purchasing waterproof coatings, so it is difficult to buy suitable waterproof coatings, which will affect the final waterproof effect. The flexible waterproof material is formed by chemical reaction to isolate the building structure from the environmental water, so as to achieve the purpose of waterproof. Rigid waterproof materials can improve the impermeability of the base by improving the compactness of the concrete base and reducing the void ratio. There is no good or bad distinction between flexible waterproof materials and rigid waterproof materials. The choice of flexible or rigid waterproof materials is determined by different decoration environments. The extensibility of flexible waterproof materials is suitable for slight structural deformation and is more suitable for the decoration of new and old buildings. The rigid waterproof material has a slightly poor adaptability to deformation, but its hardness and strength are relatively good, so it is generally used for moisture-proof. 2. Different waterproof materials are selected according to different waterproof parts. Different spaces have different performance requirements for waterproof paint. Therefore, when selecting waterproof paint, in addition to distinguishing flexible and rigid waterproof materials, waterproof paint should also be used according to different parts. Only when the right place is used, can the best waterproof effect be achieved. 3. Different waterproof coatings shall be selected according to the geographical location. The geographical location will also have higher requirements for waterproof coatings. It is rainy in the south and snowy in the north. In contrast to the south, the roof is always wet when it rains continuously, and the drainage is not smooth or even there will be ponding. It will not dry for several months, and the waterproof layer will be soaked. However, in severe cold and snowy areas, some waterproof materials cannot withstand the cycle change of low-temperature frost heave and contraction, and will be aged and broken in a short time. Therefore, different waterproof materials should be selected for different geographical locations. 4. When choosing waterproof paint with environmental protection certification, some families often mistakenly think that the area of waterproof works for bathroom, kitchen and other indoor decoration is not large, and they will continue to use cement and ceramic tiles on it after using waterproof paint, so no waterproof material will cause pollution. In fact, it is because of the concealment of the waterproof layer that poor quality waterproof paint will pollute the indoor environment for a long time once used. Therefore, when selecting waterproof coating, it is more important to select one that has passed the environmental protection certification standard (such as the ten ring certification, EC1 certification, etc.). Regular brand waterproof coatings will have corresponding product test reports. By viewing the product test reports, you can know the composition and quality of the products at a glance, so as to avoid purchasing inferior products.

Today's modern cities are no longer cement forests, but connect cities with nature and build green ecological cities. The sponge city is the product of the new era. As people expect, open and flat roads, neat and beautiful green belts, clean water and green wetland landscape, cool air full of vitality, beautiful ecological environment, harmonious blend of human and nature, the city exudes a different kind of charming charm - this is the life scene under the "sponge city". So, what is a "sponge city"? As the name implies, a sponge city means that a city can absorb, store, infiltrate and purify water like a sponge when it rains, and release and use the stored water when necessary, so as to realize the free migration of rainwater in the city. Since China launched the "sponge city" pilot project in 2015, the first batch of pilot projects have achieved certain results. However, there are still some unsatisfactory places that make people sigh. What is the problem? As a high-quality sponge city supplier, Shanghai Huwang Technology has told us that the key to building a green sponge city is not how many green belts are built on the road, but exactly where we can't see them. The so-called "If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools". To build a real sponge city, you must start with the most basic waterproof materials. In short, it is necessary to have a good waterproof board. In the practice of engineering projects, the advantages of polymer protection and drainage profiled sheet of Huwang Technology are also very obvious. The concave convex hollow vertical bar structure on the waterproof and drainage board can quickly and effectively export rainwater, greatly reduce or even eliminate the hydrostatic pressure of the waterproof layer, and finally achieve the effect of active waterproof. At the same time, polyethylene, as the main material, has a good waterproof property. Through reliable connection, Huwang Technology maximizes its role. According to the laboratory data, the waterproof and drainage board made of this material can effectively reduce the indoor noise, and can also play a very good role in ventilation and moisture-proof. More importantly, waterproof and drainage boards can effectively protect structures and waterproof layers, and resist various acids and alkalis in the soil and root thorns of plants. Only with excellent products and technologies can we truly solve the problem of difficult drainage for the city and build a green sponge city.

With the improvement of living standards, people have more and more strict requirements for home decoration. Home decoration is a big event for us. The main thing is to choose good materials. Roof insulation is one of the common ways of home decoration. So today, I will tell you about simple roof insulation methods to add beauty to your new house! Only when the decoration is good can we live comfortably. 1、 What can we do to make the roof insulated? 1. Green environmental protection method: put more bonsais on the roof. If you are busy, you don't need to take care of more. If the roof on the top can bear the load, the insulation is to make a sky garden -- that is, find some soil on the roof and plant plants. 2. Wooden box type insulation can be done by yourself. The size of the wooden box depends on your house, and it is filled with foam insulation boards! Pay attention to fireproof treatment on wooden cases! 3. Suspended ceiling insulation (indoor): but it reduces the indoor space. Paint keel mineral wool board or insert board ceiling can effectively insulate heat. Either add a layer of insulation board on the wall of the living room or paint a layer of insulation layer around the living room. 2. There are many long-term effective waterproof and thermal insulation methods for the roof. The price varies according to different materials: 1 The air circulation heat insulation method is to cover a hollow interlayer about 30cm on the roof. When the sun is exposed in summer, the flowing air below can effectively isolate the heat transfer effect, This roof insulation method can effectively and reasonably reduce the indoor temperature and is relatively simple. 3. The white glossy paper reflection method, as its name implies, is to lay a layer of smooth white glossy paper on the roof, which is made of tin foil, not easy to be stained with oil, and can strongly reflect and insulate. 4. Pearl sand insulation layer Now there are many roof insulation methods, and a 10 cm thick pearl sand insulation layer can be laid on the roof, Then a layer of cement prefabricated insulation board can be made; If it is a reinforced concrete cast-in-place roof, a 20 cm thick soil layer can be stored on it for greening and planting flowers and plants, which not only beautifies the bad environment, but also has the function of heat insulation. 5. The invention discloses a roof leak proof and heat insulation method, which is to cover the whole roof with glass steel plate and bond the glass steel plate as a whole. Compared with the prior art, It has the advantages of easy construction, high material strength, light weight, long service life, good leak proof and heat insulation effect, etc. 6. Ceramsite concrete heat insulation, such as the method of laying ceramsite concrete heat insulation on the top floor, can greatly reduce the indoor temperature, not only can have a comfortable summer, but also can effectively save power consumption and reduce the cost of electricity. In addition to the ceramsite concrete as the roof insulation layer, With the effective heat insulation, it has also played a very good moisture-proof and waterproof effect. Now ceramsite concrete has been widely used as toilet backfill and roof insulation layer. Relevant recommendations How to make waterproof and thermal insulation of old building roof simple and easy? How to deal with the roof and ground? How to do the roof insulation layer? How to make it both affordable and practical? The roof insulation layer is a better way to make the roof insulation layer. In summer, the roof insulation coating is better. Is the roof sunscreen useful? Is the roof waterproof, heat insulation and cooling treatment done once again. Roof insulation coating construction precautions. Roof insulation and sitting cool

When purchasing decoration products, many people attach great importance to brands. Excellent brands not only guarantee the quality, but also show the taste of the decoration effect, so that others can see the uniqueness of home decoration. There are many brands of decoration products, which are inherited and developed in the market with their own characteristics. How should you choose? What is good for home decoration wall? 1、 There are many good wall decoration materials for home decoration, such as latex paint, wallpaper, diatom mud, ceramic tile, etc. At present, the number of people who use latex paint should be the largest. Latex paint has the following advantages: 1. Environmental friendly latex paint uses water as the dispersion medium, does not contain organic solvents or only a small amount of organic solvents, so during production and construction, There is no or almost no organic solvent volatilization, which will cause environmental pollution and harm to human body. During transportation and storage, there is no danger of explosion and fire. It belongs to the category of water-based paint, and is a kind of resource saving, safe and environmentally friendly paint. 2. Convenient construction. Latex paint can be brushed, roller coated, sprayed It can be diluted with water. Brushing tools can be easily cleaned immediately with water. When not in use for a short time, the brushing tools can also be immersed in water or sealed with plastic bags Good air permeability latex paint is formed by evaporation of water and deformation and fusion of latex particles, so it has good air permeability, Only people can use it. The same is true for latex paint, which can play a role in both decoration and protection in the field it is involved in and used. Second, what kind of waterproof material is used for the wall of home decoration? In the waterproof of home decoration, we generally need to make kitchens, bathrooms, and balconies, including if your home is on the ground floor, Then all floors and walls below 1.5m away from the wall need to be treated with waterproof and moisture-proof treatment. Different waterproof materials are suitable for different parts of the wall. The waterproof materials on the wall are the same as those on the ground, so you only need to know the waterproof materials suitable for each part of the home decoration. It is recommended to use kitchen and bathroom waterproof mortar in kitchens, bathrooms and basements, It is specially developed for the internal and external corners, pipes, sanitary wares, floor drains and other surrounding areas that are prone to water seepage in kitchen and bathroom. Therefore, it is specially made, more targeted, and the waterproof effect is certainly better. For balcony, roof, terrace, etc., it is suggested that K11 waterproof mortar flexible type and mortar waterproof agent should be combined for construction, so that the combination of hardness and softness can resist the erosion of sun and rain, Ensure good waterproof effect. 3. Related concepts 1. Emulsion paint, also known as synthetic resin emulsion paint, is a kind of organic paint. It is a kind of water-based paint prepared with synthetic resin emulsion as the base material, pigments, fillers and various additives. According to different production materials, latex paints mainly include polyvinyl acetate latex paint, ethylene propylene latex paint, pure acrylic latex paint, styrene acrylic latex paint, etc. According to the different application environments of the product, it can be divided into interior wall latex paint and exterior wall latex paint. According to the gloss effect of decoration, it can be divided into matte, matt, semi gloss, mercerized and glossy types. Latex paint has many advantages different from traditional wall coatings, such as easy brushing, rapid drying, etc. The methods to identify latex paint include looking, smelling, wiping, brushing, pulling and testing. 2. Paint coating is a kind of viscous liquid that is coated on the surface of protected or decorated objects and can form a continuous film firmly attached to the coated objects. It is usually made of resin, oil, or emulsion, with or without pigments, fillers, and corresponding additives, and is prepared with organic solvent or water. The more authoritative book "Coating Technology" in the Chinese coating industry defines as: "Coating is a kind of material, which can be coated on the surface of objects with different construction processes to form a solid film with firm adhesion, certain strength and continuity. The film formed by this is commonly called coating film, also known as paint film or coating." In the early days, most of the coatings used vegetable oil as the main raw material, So it is called "paint". Both traditional coating products with natural materials as raw materials and modern developing coating products with synthetic chemical products as raw materials belong to organic chemical polymer materials, and the film formed belongs to the type of polymer compounds. According to the classification of modern chemical products, coatings belong to fine chemical products. Relevant recommendations: Xinxing wall decoration materials, wall waterproofing practices, waterproof construction, attention points, wall leakage materials, whether the wall can be nano waterproof, why the family waterproof wall uses rigid coating, what brand of waterproof materials for new house decoration, what brand of waterproof materials for new house decoration, good indoor waterproof coating, whether the wall is necessary to be waterproof, which kind of waterproof glue for exterior wall, which kind of good decoration must be known 9 major waterproof problems of road

In fact, there are priorities when decorating. No matter what social class you are, you should spend your money where you should be, so that there will be no potential safety hazards at home. Moreover, the decoration is like a bottomless hole. Fifty or sixty thousand yuan can be used to decorate a suite, and fifty or sixty thousand yuan can also be used to decorate a suite. So it is correct to choose the materials that are suitable for you. Today, I will tell you about the waterproof leak sealer in the toilet. How much do you know about the waterproof leak sealer in the toilet? Why don't you take a look with me. 1、 The traditional concept of waterproof leak sealant is to make up where the leak is. The latest method of waterproof leak repair is to abandon this traditional concept. If the waterproof layer leaks, do a good job of waterproof and leak proof outside the tiles. As long as the surface of the tiles outside is waterproof, the waterproof effect is the same. Waterproof construction method: use a knife to remove waterproof cement or glue between tiles, use a dryer to dry the floor for a day, and then fill the gully with cement of the same color as the floor (if the floor is white, use white cement to fill it; if the floor is black, use black cement to fill it, for the sake of indoor beauty) Then slowly inject a special CPC waterproof agent into the cement. After 1-2 days, the waterproof agent and cement will be firmly adsorbed on the tile, effectively forming a stable waterproof layer. 2、 What are the waterproof and leak stopping techniques in the toilet? 1. The wall must be waterproof. Before the wall tiles are paved, the wall must be waterproof. In general waterproof treatment, the wall must be waterproof with a height of 30 cm, and the non load-bearing light wall must be at least 60 cm high. It is better to waterproof the whole wall. 2. The joints between the wall and the ground and the joints between the water supply and drainage pipes and the ground are the places most prone to problems. Workers must be urged to handle these corners. Waterproof and leak stopping coatings must be applied in place, and it is best to strengthen the layer. 3. If it is necessary to replace the original floor tile in the bathroom, after the original floor tile is chiseled off, the floor must be leveled with cement mortar first, and then the waterproof plugging treatment must be carried out, so as to avoid leakage of waterproof coating due to uneven thickness. Before waterproof, the floor must be cleaned. 4. Try not to damage the original waterproof layer. A waterproof layer has been made on the general ground of the newly delivered building, so no leakage will occur if the original waterproof layer is not damaged. 5. The decoration team is required to make cement mulch for all the water pipes in the toilet, brush waterproof paint from the ground up by 10 to 20 cm, and then redo ester waterproof on the ground, and add the original waterproof layer to form a composite waterproof layer to enhance the waterproof. 6. The groove of the water pipe in the wall shall also be waterproof. During the construction process, when the pipe, floor drain, etc. pass through the floor, the waterproof layer around the hole must be carefully constructed. The water pipe shall be buried in the wall, and the reasonable layout shall be achieved. When laying the water pipe, the groove shall be made larger than the pipe diameter. The groove shall be plastered smoothly, and then the groove shall be painted with waterproof paint. 7. The 24-hour "water storage test" is used to check and accept the waterproofing. After the waterproofing works are completed, the door and the water outlet are sealed. The toilet floor is filled with water to a certain level and marked. If there is no obvious drop in the level within 24 hours, especially if there is no leakage on the roof of the house downstairs, the waterproofing and leakage blocking are qualified. 3、 Relevant concept 1, plugging is a construction measure! It is mainly used in waterproof containers or measures commonly used when the foundation leaks. 2. Waterproofing is no longer a new topic. Waterproofing can not be ignored in tunnels, bridges, dams, roads, buildings or our daily houses. At the same time, the electrical products used in our daily life also have waterproof and moisture-proof problems that must be faced directly. Source: Records of the Historian? Chronicle of the Zhou Dynasty: "Zhao Gong said, 'It's the name of Zhang. It's better to guard against the mouth of the people than against water.'" In Guoyu, it says, "Prevent Sichuan.".