General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that we should establish the concept of "big food", start from better meeting the people's needs for a better life, grasp the changing trend of the people's food structure, and ensure the effective supply of meat, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products and other kinds of food while ensuring food supply.

A towering tree must have its roots; The water in Huaishan must have its source.

General Secretary Xi Jinping's concept of big food has a long history. "When I worked in Fujian, I worked in the mountains and also in the coastal areas. At that time, I put forward the concept of" big food ". Meat, eggs, birds, milk, fish, fruits, fungi, tea... These are all grains." "So I successively proposed to build 'Fuzhou on the Sea' and 'Fujian on the Sea'."

In Fujian, where "eight mountains, one water and one farmland" are distributed, the per capita cultivated land area is only 1/4 of the national average. In the 1980s, the total amount of food was scarce, the variety was single, and the variety and output of meat, aquatic products, vegetables and fruits and other agricultural products were small. Every year, a large number of grains and vegetables were transferred from other provinces.

For more than 30 years, Fujian has practiced the concept of "big food", developed and utilized rich mountain and sea resources, and built a diversified food supply system according to local conditions, achieving remarkable results - the province has exceeded the grain production tasks assigned by the state every year; The output of livestock and poultry meat has increased significantly. In 2023, the total output of meat will reach 3.11 million tons, 2.5 times more than that in the early 1990s, including 13 times more poultry; The per capita share of aquatic products is more than 200 kg, ranking first in the country; There are more than 30 kinds of edible fungi cultivated on a commercial scale, with the total output ranking among the top in the country; The annual output of tea has increased from 50000 tons at the end of the 1980s to 500000 tons, and the output value and unit yield are among the top in the country... Fujian has also become one of the "South to North" and major export vegetable provinces in the country.

With the passage of time, the practice and exploration of Fujian's practice of the concept of big food has been constantly enriched and developed.

　　 Improve diversified food supply capacity

　　 Based on mountain and sea resources, ask for food from cultivated land, grassland, forest, sea, etc

In June 1988, Comrade Xi Jinping took office as Secretary of Ningde Prefecture Party Committee. Ningde, known as "the ninth in eastern Fujian" at that time, had the lowest economic aggregate in the province and was one of the 18 contiguous poor areas in the country at that time. The per capita share of grain in eastern Fujian is lower than that of the whole province. Every year, wheat imports and grain imports from other provinces and regions are about 100 million jin.

After in-depth research, Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out: "In order to get rid of poverty and become rich fundamentally in eastern Fujian, we must take a road to develop large agriculture. What is large agriculture? Large agriculture is a three-dimensional agriculture that develops in a multi-functional, open and comprehensive direction." "What we want is to focus on large agriculture. That is to say, in agriculture, 'live by the mountains and sing folk songs, live by the sea and read the sea's classics', stabilize food, work together to develop township enterprises, and comprehensively develop agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sidelines, and fishery. "

Over the past 30 years, following the direction of Comrade Xi Jinping's guidance, Ningde has unswervingly adhered to the path of developing large-scale agriculture, continued to deepen the comprehensive development of agricultural resources in mountains, seas and fields, and developed food resources in an all-round way——

The mountains are verdant and verdant.

In early summer, Huang Zhenfang Family Forest Farm, located in Houyang Village, Qibu Town, Zhouning County, Ningde City, is lush. In the 1980s, Huang Zhenfang led his family to afforest the barren mountain and interplanted potatoes and corn in the forest. After hearing about this, Comrade Xi Jinping went to the field three times to learn about the situation, and praised that "the family forest farm of Huang Zhenfang in Zhouning County is doing well, which provides a way for us to develop forestry". Later, Comrade Xi Jinping wrote "The revitalization of East Fujian lies in the" forest "- a strategic issue of economic development in East Fujian", and profoundly pointed out that "the forest is a reservoir, a treasury and a grain depot". Huang Zhenfang's family has planted grass coral, polygonatum and other crops on the mountain, and now the forest economy is booming.

That piece of sea, rippling blue waves, full of fish and gulls.

Under the blue sky, more than 80 new plastic deepwater cages are closely connected in Baiji Bay, Sandu Ao, Jiaocheng District, Ningde City. Fishermen will drive large yellow croakers into different cages according to their size. "The deep-water cage has strong anti wind and wave ability and larger space, and our company's annual production of large yellow croaker has increased from 6500 tons to 8500 tons," said Song Xiangguo, head of the marine breeding base of Fujian Sanduao Food Co., Ltd.

The fields are crisscrossed with crisscross paths in an orderly manner.

Entering Gelong Village, Xiadang Township, Shouning County, Ningde City, the rice terraces are in pieces. After more than 100 mu of terraces were turned over, Xia Jiaxing, a large grain grower, began breeding without stopping

"In recent years, we have implemented the action of improving grain production capacity and integrated the promotion of good farmland, good varieties and good opportunities. The output of major agricultural products has increased from 1.42 million tons in 1990 to 3.76 million tons in 2023." Kang Jianban, director of Ningde Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said.

The "rice bag" is becoming more and more abundant, and the "vegetable basket" has more and more patterns.

"Three days without green, two eyes with golden stars" is a slang in Fuzhou. Green refers to green leafy vegetables. Fuzhou, surrounded by mountains on three sides, was seriously short of green leafy vegetables in the early 1990s.

Small green leafy vegetables connect the hearts of common people. When he was a municipal leader in Fuzhou, Comrade Xi Jinping took the "food basket" as the first priority and watched the price of food every day. He called for vigorously developing non-staple food production bases and vegetable production bases, increasing investment in pig, chicken, duck and vegetable cultivation, and ensuring market supply.

During the term of office of Xi Jinping, Fuzhou has achieved a supply pattern of "local production first, supplemented by foreign supply". Meat, poultry, eggs, vegetables and fruits are abundant, and prices are stable.

In 2023, Fuzhou will produce 4882900 tons of vegetables, 371500 tons of meat, eggs and milk, and 3074700 tons of aquatic products. "The output of meat and eggs can meet local consumption, while the output of vegetables and aquatic products can meet local consumption and also be exported in large quantities," said Lin Hanjun, director of Fuzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce.

Broaden food sources through multiple channels. In addition to making efforts on land and offshore, Fujian expands to deep and offshore areas.

In Fuzhou, Comrade Xi Jinping put forward the strategic idea of building a "maritime Fuzhou", and after arriving in Fujian Province, he put forward the strategy of "strengthening the maritime province". Keep in mind that Fujian will continue to develop the marine economy, strengthen the development of marine resources, ask for food from the sea and build marine ranches.

On May 7, the sea area of Dinghai Bay, Lianjiang County, Fuzhou City, was calm and calm, and embarked on the "Dinghai Bay No. 2" breeding platform, walking on the flat ground.

"The platform is 60.9 meters long and 32 meters wide, and can accommodate 200000 high-quality large fish, with an annual output of more than 500 tons." Lu Tongfeng, the general manager of Fujian Xinmao Fisheries Development Co., Ltd., said that in the deep and distant seas, there are rich species of algae and plankton, more space for fish activities, and more delicious meat.

In recent years, Fujian has introduced a number of measures to build marine ranches and expand and strengthen pelagic fisheries. At present, Fujian has more than 630 oceangoing fishing vessels, operating in China's exclusive economic zone and the Three Oceans, and its comprehensive strength ranks first in the country.

"In 2023, the total marine production value of the province will be about 1.2 trillion yuan, and the total output of aquatic products will be 8.9 million tons, all of which will be among the top in the country." Weng Xinping, member of the Party Leadership Group and deputy director of Fujian Provincial Oceanic and Fisheries Administration, introduced.

Fujian, whose arable land area only accounts for 0.73% of the country, overfulfils the grain production task assigned by the state every year. In 2023, the rice yield per mu in the province will reach 405kg, 15 kg higher than the national average. There are more than 1000 vegetable bases with an area of more than 100 mu in the province, and more than 40% of winter and spring vegetables are supplied outside the province throughout the year.

　　 Market led integrated development of production, supply and marketing

　　 Cultivate characteristic advantageous industries according to local conditions and build a supply guarantee system for high-quality agricultural products

The mountain road is winding with misty rain. In the hundred mu goose nose radish demonstration base in Huanxi Town, Jin'an District, Fuzhou City, Huang Xuekuai, a planter, is busy laying drip irrigation equipment, "striving for the output of radish to exceed 400000 jin this year!"

Huanxi Town, which is backed by Guling and Beifeng Mountain, has a rugged terrain. In the past, logistics channels were not smooth, and famous agricultural and special products could not sell at high prices.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to develop modern agriculture, ensure national food security, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure, accelerate the construction of modern agricultural industrial system, production system and operation system, promote the transformation of agriculture from yield increasing to quality improving, improve agricultural innovation, competitiveness, total factor productivity, and improve agricultural quality, efficiency, and overall quality.

"If it is planted well, it must be sold well. We should work hard in the circulation link to let more goose nosed turnips go on the public's table," said Lv Libang, deputy district chief of Jin'an District and party secretary of Huanxi Town.

Improve field facilities, combine with Fuzhou Vegetable Science Research Institute to select and breed improved varieties, and state-owned enterprises take the lead in signing long-term supply and marketing agreements with e-commerce platforms... The trucks from the fresh platform drive into the field one by one, and goose nose turnips are washed, screened, cut into pieces, and packaged, becoming the ingredients of several convenient dishes. At the same time, goose nose radish has also been certified as a national geographical indication product, which has greatly improved its popularity. "The minimum purchase price of fresh food is more than one jin and two yuan, and the annual income of several hundred thousand yuan is not a problem," Huang Xuekuai said.

Expand in space and make efforts in channels. At present, Huanxi Town has built up a thousand mu famous and special product demonstration base. Sweet and crisp goose nose turnips, sweet and glutinous sweet potatoes, sweet and sweet Jin'an bergamot melons, etc. are continuously supplied to the main urban area of Fuzhou.

In the Straits Agricultural and Sideline Products Logistics Center in Minhou County, Fuzhou City, there is a fruit wholesale market covering more than 150 mu, with an annual turnover of more than 6 billion yuan and an average daily supply of about 1800 tons, accounting for 90% of the total fruit supply in Fuzhou City.

Chen Jinyun, the head of Jinshiwang Planting Professional Cooperative in Xianghuan Village, Saiqi Town, Fu'an City, Ningde, paid special attention to the wholesale market of fruits: "In recent years, the sunshine rose grapes we planted have sold well in Fuzhou market. At present, we are stepping up to eliminate aging seedlings and update varieties."

Xianghuan Village, with a grape planting area of 2360 mu and an average of 3.98 mu per household, is renowned as a "grape village" both inside and outside the province. "The market recognizes green food more. We do not apply pesticides and more green manure. The grapes we grow are not worried about selling. The research and development of fruit juice, dried fruit, cakes and other products go hand in hand." Chen Xiaobin, secretary of the Xianghuan Village Party branch, said.

Fujian has further promoted the reduction of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. In 2023, the use of fertilizers and pesticides in the province will decrease by 24% and 26% respectively compared with 2016.

With verdant mountains and luxuriant vegetation, Yaoxia Village, Hetian Town, Changting County, Longyan City, Zeng Xianfu, who returned to his hometown and started his own business, planted a Chinese herbal medicine, Radix Polygalae, under the broad-leaved forest, and the ecological farm has become prosperous.

"Can the special food be further processed to improve the added value?" Zeng Xianfu skillfully matched the two "forest treasures" of Huanghua Yuanzhi and Hetian Chicken, and the cooked medicinal chicken produced by Zeng Xianfu sold hot on the e-commerce platform.

In recent years, Fujian has organized the implementation of the high-quality development action plan for the food processing industry, making the northwest Fujian ecological food, southeast Fujian leisure food, and southeast Fujian fruit and vegetable processing cluster bigger and stronger, encouraging and guiding the intensive processing of agricultural products, extending the agricultural and sideline product processing industry chain, and promoting the industrial cluster development.

A strong market cannot be achieved without the synergy of the industrial chain.

In Lidun Town, Zhouning County, Ningde City, there are lots of pine forests, where Anoectochilus roxburghii, as thin as iron wire, grows around the roots of trees. Ye Xiaohua, 52, is not only the contractor of the 30 mu forest land, but also an employee of Zhouning Tianmen Mountain Shencao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. "If the enterprise has a base, the forest farmers will benefit more and both sides will win," said Li Guangjian, the head of the company.

The transferred forest land promotes large-scale planting of enterprises. Zhouning County has developed more than 40 Chinese herbal medicine enterprises and cooperatives, with a planting area of more than 2000 mu and an annual output value of more than 35 million yuan.

In 2023, the area of forest land under economic management and utilization in Fujian Province will be 32.29 million mu, with an output value of 83 billion yuan. The total industrial chain output value of ten rural characteristic industries, including tea, vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry, aquatic products, forest and bamboo, flowers and seedlings, edible fungi, rural tourism, and rural logistics, has exceeded 2.3 trillion yuan.

　　 Support agricultural modernization with scientific and technological innovation

　　 Strengthen the dominant position of enterprises, focus on core sources and other fields to tackle key problems

Automatic drinking water system to ensure clean and sanitary water at any time; Intelligent feeding system, sensing the allowance of the material tray to automatically feed; The sensors all around collect the temperature, humidity, air quality and other data in the chicken house in real time... Fujian Shengnong Group is located in Youxi Farm in Guangze County, Nanping City, and 180000 chicks are carefully taken care of.

On the big screen of the intelligent environmental control hall of the headquarters of Shengnong Group, the environmental data of 316 farms and 3688 chicken houses are collected in real time. Once the relevant indicators exceed the range, the system will automatically alarm.

General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that the fundamental way to solve the problem of eating lies in science and technology. The safety of seed sources is related to national security, so we must make a determination to develop our seed industry, and achieve self-reliance in science and technology of seed industry, and independent and controllable seed sources.

For a long time in the past, China's white feather broiler provenance was monopolized by foreign enterprises. Since 2011, Fujian Shengnong Group has invested more than 1 billion yuan in white feather broiler breeding project.

"At the beginning, the members of the breeding team got up at 5:00 every morning to start breeding, and about 200000 chickens were screened a year," said Xiao Fan, vice president of Shengnong Group.

Ten years sharpens a sword. In December 2021, "Shengze 901", a white feather broiler supporting line of Shengnong Group with completely independent intellectual property rights, passed the new variety approval of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, reversing the situation that white feather broiler breeds rely on imports. Through continuous breeding, the comprehensive performance of "Shengze 901" has reached the international advanced level, and its domestic market share has exceeded 20%.

The growth of "Shengze 901" from scratch, from weakness to strength, reflects the solid pace of Fujian's seed industry revitalization. Fujian has successively issued policy documents such as Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Modern Crop Seed Industry and Several Measures on Promoting the Revitalization of Seed Industry, set up special funds and continued to implement four rounds of seed industry innovation and industrialization projects.

The independently bred fruit maize variety "Xuetian 232" broke through the foreign monopoly; "Fuyan No. 9" fills the gap in the lack of early maturing, short cylindrical loofah varieties with independent intellectual property rights in China... Since 2021, Fujian has bred 123 new varieties of agricultural excellence. At present, the coverage rate of improved crop varieties in the province has reached more than 98.5%.

Liu Jiafu, a technical expert of large yellow croaker breeding who is over 80 years old and the former head of Ningde Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, is still busy from time to time.

More than 30 years ago, Comrade Xi Jinping, then Secretary of Ningde Prefecture Party Committee, gave instructions on the Report on the Development of Marine Fish Culture Technology in East Fujian submitted by Liu Jiafu, a local technology expert for large yellow croaker breeding, and requested to concentrate on scientific research.

"At that time, cage culture of marine aquaculture was still a new concept, and the cultivation of large yellow croaker was even more difficult." Liu Jiafu said that after years of efforts, he and his colleagues in the project team finally chewed the hard bone of "artificial breeding and cultivation of large yellow croaker production increase", making large yellow croaker one of the largest marine fishes in the country.

In the tremella greenhouse in Fengzhu Village, Panyang Township, Gutian County, Ningde City, Luo Lijuan, a mushroom farmer, poked out layers of flowers to check the growth of tremella. "We cooperate with deep processing enterprises of edible fungi, which provide mushroom sticks and technical guidance, and we are responsible for cultivation management," Luo Lijuan said.

"We have implemented the production mode of centralized stick making, centralized service, decentralized mushroom production, unified processing and unified sales, and cultivated a professional team for staged production and operation of raw materials supply, stick production, inoculation, cultivation and cultivation management, product drying, sales, and recycling of mushroom residue." Lei Yinqing, the second level chief staff member of Gutian County Edible Fungus Industry Development Center, introduced.

"With professional division of labor, now we are more pursuing quality." Luo Lijuan said that her new product "Jinyan'er" can sell more than 3000 yuan per kilogram of dry products.

In 2023, the output of fresh tremella in Gutian County will reach 396000 tons, with an output value of 1.84 billion yuan.

　　 Ensure "safety on the tip of the tongue"

　　 Consolidate the foundation of quality and safety and build a whole process food safety system

Food is the most important thing for people, and safety is the first thing to eat.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "When it comes to food security, it is actually food security."

Qixing Village, Xinan Town, Xiapu County, Ningde City, has a blue sky and a wide sea. The new plastic fishing rafts after transformation are arranged in order. Dong Zu, a fisherman, is busy feeding large yellow croaker. In the cage, the large yellow croaker has grown to about half a kilogram.

In the past, excessive breeding and ecological destruction led to high incidence of fish diseases and decline in quality. In 2018, the pilot project of comprehensive regulation of Fujian marine aquaculture was launched in Xiapu County. Clear the channel, divide the sea area into prohibited breeding areas, restricted breeding areas, and breeding areas, and carry out comprehensive treatment of marine garbage... With policy support, Dong Zu upgraded his foam floaters to new environmental protection materials.

"The environment is better, and the quality of the large yellow croaker is better." Dong Zu said that the survival rate of large yellow croaker has increased by about 20% compared with that before the transformation, and the annual income has increased by about 30%.

From the Xiapu pilot project to the provincial launch, Fujian has transformed more than 1 million plastic fishing rafts, more than 700000 mu of raft culture of shellfish and algae, and built more than 5000 deep-water cages, comprehensively completing the transformation and upgrading of marine aquaculture.

Implement the requirements of ecological protection and promote Fujian's mountain and sea development.

Sanming Shaxian County has green mountains. Spring wild vegetables, summer fruits, autumn red mushrooms, winter fresh bamboo shoots... The vast forest has created the local authentic scenery all the year round, and the "Shaxian snacks" are famous. "Without good ecology, there would be no Shaxian snacks today," said Le Daiming, deputy director of the Forestry Bureau of Shaxian District, Sanming City.

More than 20 years ago, Shaxian County was faced with the dilemma of cutting down trees and selling wood.

When working in Fujian, Comrade Xi Jinping promoted the reform of collective forest rights system. Shaxian County is one of the origins of forest reform.

Over the past 20 years, the forestry reform in Fujian has been advanced in depth. In 2023, the forest coverage rate in Fujian will be as high as 65.12%, and there will be more than eight series and hundreds of varieties of cash crops under forests in the province.

Safety runs through all links of food production.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that we should take the quality and safety of agricultural products as the key link to transform the agricultural development mode and accelerate the construction of modern agriculture, adhere to the source governance, the root causes and root causes, and use the most rigorous standards, the most stringent supervision, the most severe punishment, and the most serious accountability to ensure the people's "safety on the tip of the tongue".

Entering the production workshop of Fujian Changfu Dairy Products Co., Ltd., 18 transparent glass rooms are set side by side, corresponding to 18 processes from raw milk to finished milk detection. "On the basis of 15 indicators required by the state to be tested, we have added a number of nutritional indicators to be tested," said He Shuishuang, secretary of the Party branch and assistant general manager of Fujian Changfu Dairy Products Co., Ltd.

Testing is not only in enterprises. Lin Qiyong is a staff member of the market supervision office of Shuinan Street, Yanping District, Nanping City, and also a food safety grid member responsible for Changfu dairy products. "According to different product standards, urge enterprises to implement safety responsibilities, conduct regular spot checks, and immediately deal with problems found," said Lin Qiyong.

From field to table, Fujian has built a grid management system for the quality and safety of agricultural products. At present, the province is equipped with 1690 grid supervisors and 11700 grid assistants, covering four levels of provinces, cities, counties and townships.

Go to the supermarket, pick up a box of milk and scan the traceability code on the back of the box. The milk can be traced to the production line of the factory where the milk was produced, the number of milk supply tanks, milk tankers, and even the number of cows in the ranch where the milk was produced.

Behind the traceability code is the whole process traceability system of "one product, one code" for food safety innovatively launched by Fujian. Relying on big data, Fujian has broken through the data of market supervision, agriculture and rural areas, marine fisheries, forestry, grain storage, health and other relevant departments, and built a whole process food safety system of "import, production, storage and marketing" of food production and operation in Fujian enterprises.

In recent years, the overall qualification rate of sampling inspection of major agricultural products, supervision and sampling inspection of aquatic products from the origin, and the overall qualification rate of sampling inspection of processed food in Fujian Province have all stabilized above 98%.

(Reporters Jiang Shengyang, Fu Wen, Zhong Ziwei, Liu Xiaoyu, Wang Yinxin)

People's Daily (the 1st edition on May 13, 2024)

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