Guns, germs and steel
The issue of the first development and backwardness of civilization, social development and retrogression has always been a major issue of concern to mankind. In this regard, the western society generally believes that the advanced technology, perfect social strata and cultural achievements of the western countries have jointly created the western civilization to be superior to others, and determined the position of the western world domination, and even believes that it is ultimately determined by the superiority of the western race. Guns, Germs and Steel tells us that the answer is not so. Environmental factors determine the wheel of history to tilt towards the West. The progress of civilization has indeed boosted the first development of culture, technology and organization, but it has also led to the invasion of bacteria and the fatal destruction of civilization by ships and cannons. That is to say, neither the theory of racial determinism nor the theory of superiority of Western civilization can explain why Western countries can rule the world for a hundred years. It is the excellent environment and resources that nourish the development of western civilization. In addition, Diamond subverted many social development questions that people are accustomed to from the interdisciplinary perspectives of biology, geography, history, sociology, anthropology, etc., providing a new perspective for us to understand human history. From a scientist deeply engaged in professional fields to a thinker concerned about human society and destiny, Diamond explored geography, humanity and the future from the intersection of science, history and society. To some extent, he represented the traditional turn of western public intellectuals from professionalism to ideology. He relied on multidisciplinary perspectives and rich travel experience, Recalling the development path of human history, looking for experiences and lessons, and trying to provide suggestions for the future development of human society.
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