Part I Advocate healthy lifestyle
Advocating people to choose a healthy lifestyle and reducing social and environmental carcinogens is the key to reducing the premature mortality rate of global chronic non communicable diseases by 25% by 2025, and also the key to achieving the goals of the World Declaration on Cancer.
The goals to be achieved by 2025 in the World Declaration on Fighting Cancer:
★ Strengthen the construction of cancer prevention and control systems in various countries to ensure the smooth progress of comprehensive, effective and patient-centered lifelong cancer prevention and control policies. (Objective 1)
★ Significantly reduce cancer risk factors worldwide, including smoking, obesity, unhealthy diet, excessive drinking, lack of physical exercise and other known carcinogenic factors. (Objective 3)
★ Include carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) into the global vaccination plan (goal 4).
If we work together, it is not far away to overcome challenges:
★ Guarantee everyone's right to health.
★ Accelerate the construction of a healthy living environment.
★ Urge the government to increase investment in the health system to ensure people's healthy life.
Challenge
In many countries, the public has negative perceptions and misunderstandings about cancer. These obstacles urge us to make efforts to improve the public's awareness of cancer prevention, health behaviors and early manifestations of cancer. Individuals and society need to realize that at least one third of cancer can be prevented by reducing alcohol consumption, eating healthy and strengthening physical exercise. If smoking is reduced, 50% of cancer can be prevented.
In addition to the above four common risk factors, UV protection is also the key to prevent skin cancer. In addition, occupational exposure and environmental exposure, such as asbestos, are also important carcinogenic factors.
In areas where resources are scarce, many countries face the risk of "double burden". Therefore, the development of cancer prevention and control plans not only needs to change people's behavior, but also is important to prevent tumorigenic infections, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) that causes liver cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) that causes cervical cancer.
face Challenge
one Guarantee everyone's right to health
★ The Universal Declaration of Human Rights emphasizes that individuals have the right to health, and this concept has been accepted by the international community.
★ Protect individual health rights, and enable people to obtain high-quality, timely and economical cancer medical services.
★ Early adoption of a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of cancer, diabetes, heart disease and other non communicable diseases, and comprehensively protect the right to personal health.
two Accelerate the construction of healthy living environment
★ People's work and living environment will affect how they choose a healthy lifestyle.
★ The implementation of the cancer prevention and control plan needs actions from all walks of life to ensure that everyone can choose a healthy lifestyle.
★ It is necessary for the government to actively promote the formulation and implementation of relevant policies and laws to reduce cancer risk factors and advocate a healthy lifestyle.
★ Legal intervention has effectively reduced the harm of smoking, drinking, unhealthy diet and environmental exposure. For example, the imposition of tobacco taxes has proved to be the most important measure that governments can take to reduce the main risk factors of chronic non communicable diseases.
★ Not only the health department, but also the education, sports, urban planning and agriculture departments should take action. For example, schools can promote the concept of health by providing healthy diet, entertainment facilities and strengthening sports activities. The work unit should provide smoke-free environment, healthy food and take smoking cessation measures.
three Strengthen investment in health system and support healthy lifestyle
★ For the government, the cost of cancer prevention is less than that of cancer treatment. It is estimated that by 2030, cancer spending will reach 458 billion dollars per year. Cancer screening can reduce the risk factors of all non communicable diseases, including cancer, and this investment only costs US $2 billion annually in low - and middle-income countries.
★ To effectively carry out cancer prevention covering the whole country, it is necessary to start from formulating a cancer prevention and control plan aimed at the cancer burden and pathogenic factors of the country.
★ The formulation of the National Cancer Prevention and Control Plan (NCCP) plays a very important role in strengthening the construction of the health system, including providing high-quality and efficient medical services and integrating health resources. For example, HPV vaccination, together with reproductive health, nutrition promotion and science popularization, should be an important measure to improve the health level of adolescents. Similarly, hepatitis B virus vaccination should also be included in the reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health service system.
★ The recently released international cancer prevention and control cooperation plan aims to provide the best available resources and data information published by NCCP for all countries. See the website (www.iccp portal. org).
It is not far away to overcome challenges by doing the following:
★ The government realizes that the cost of cancer prevention is less than that of cancer treatment.
★ The health promotion of children and adolescents should be included in the health policy.
★ Hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus vaccination should be included in the national immunization plan to prevent infection and reduce the human and financial consumption caused by the high incidence of liver cancer and cervical cancer.
★ All schools and workplaces should take measures to ensure everyone's health as the first choice.
★ Technical support and resource provision can help countries to incorporate the implementation of global chronic disease goals into cancer prevention and control plans.
