In recent years, Nanjing has witnessed great development, and there are many residential buildings, among which, they are reused “ Fixed form ” 、 “ New Chinese Style ” A large proportion of them are created. But I think in addition to the architectural style itself, the impression of culture and history is also an important driving element.

        Remember about two thousand and five Before and after, I participated in a project demonstration involving the planning of Jiangning District in Nanjing. I stayed in Nanjing for a few days. The first few days were in Jiangning, which was quite far away. Later, I lived in Nanjing City. In the evening, I walked with several friends to the Confucius Temple and Qinhuai River, which has been completely transformed into As a tourist area, all the buildings are newly built, with white walls and black tiles. It is not as attractive as the chaotic tenderness of Qinhuai and the arrogance of the tourism industry. Someone may say: You just want to be romantic, that's a pornographic place! Now it's transformed! In fact, I am afraid that my memory of Qinhuai River and Wuyi Lane has little to do with this. It is more an atmosphere and emotion embedded in the literary form.

        On that day, I walked out of Wuyi Lane covered by the dim moonlight and came to the Qinhuai River. I saw the boats dotted with people talking loudly. As I walked there, I remembered two articles that I had not read for long. One of them was a book I recently saw in a Hong Kong bookstore（ Jonathan D. Spence ）A Dream of the Past Dynasty: Zhang Dai's Luxury and Desolation（ Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a Late Ming Man , this Chinese version is translated by Wen Qiayi, Taiwan Times Press), and the Chinese version is my two thousand and nine I bought it in the spring of, but I read the English book several years earlier. The description in it really gives me a lot of new impressions of Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty. When talking about Zhang Dai's maneuver in the gentleness of the Qinhuai River, Shi Jingqian said in the book: “ There is a square in front of Zhang Dai's residence. When the moon rises at night, the lanterns also light up, making him deeply aware of living here ‘ No false day ’ ， ‘ It is convenient to live, communicate and cultivate. ’ In such a busy world, it is not worth worrying about the cost. Zhang Dai enjoyed the beautiful scenery, indulged in string songs, and traveled with picturesque boats in Nanjing. The terrace is exquisitely carved. If you take a bath, you will sit behind the bamboo curtain and gauze curtain. The body will emit the fragrance of jasmine In the summer wind ” 。

        There is a Qinhuai River on the opposite side of Nanjing Confucius Temple and Wuyi Lane beside it. It has always been a place for people to eat, drink, and have fun. All ages, people of all walks of life like it. Zhang Dai's Dream of a Pottery Nunnery, one of which is called Qinhuai River House in Volume IV, depicts the grand occasion at that time as it is now: “ The houses along the Qinhuai River are convenient for people to live in, communicate with, and be obscene. The houses are very expensive and there is no empty day for people to live in. Draw boats, flute and drums, go and come, and go around. Outside the riverside house, there is a terrace at home. The Zhu Lanqi is sparse, and the bamboo curtain is covered with gauze. Take a bath in summer and sit on the terrace. In the water buildings on both sides of the river, the jasmine wind makes children feel very fragrant. The female guests have round fans and light hair, and their hair is soft and charming. Every year during the Dragon Boat Festival, beautiful women fill the capital and compete to see the lightboat. The doers gather small canoes and hundreds of boats, and the canopies are hung with sheep's horns like beads. There are more than ten boats connected at the head and tail of the ship. The ship is like a candle dragon and a fire mirage Curl, curl, twist, fire and water. The cymbals, stars and cymbals are heading in the boat, and the string pipes of Moge are soaring like boiling water. The beautiful women laugh on the railing, sound and light are messy, and their ears and eyes can't help themselves. At midnight, the lamp is broken and the stars are scattered. Zhong Bojing has "Ode to the Light Boat on the Qinhuai River", which is extremely shaped. ”

          This paragraph of Zhang Dai's writing points out two landscapes on the Qinhuai River, one is the house by the river, the other is the boat in the river. The beauty of these two things can only be revealed in the nightlife in spring and summer. Zhang Dai's point of view is to watch the boat from the room. This is to watch the boat in silence. Although for hundreds of years, when I went to a small restaurant in the Qinhuai River and Confucius Temple to drink hot old duck soup on that cold night, I could still imagine the gorgeous scene Zhang Dai saw when I saw the boat rowing across the frozen water in winter.

        However, the bustle of Qinhuai River, no matter how gorgeous, also has a tragic color of thin layers of gold powder fading away. This is the feeling of Nanjing: sadness in the glory, loneliness in the green. Remember that "Peach Blossom Fan" sang: “ The prosperity of the Zhongxing Dynasty continued, leaving behind evil sons and grandsons. They only advised the building to catch up with the queen and not worry about the bow and arrow to ruin the Tang Dynasty ” The bustling competition in the past has become Sadness and hatred continue together, which sings: “ Seeing him rise from Zhulou, seeing him feast guests, seeing his building collapse ” The Qinhuai River is not only a witness, but also a subject of change.

          That night I had a good meal at the Confucius Temple and went back through Wuyi Lane. I saw a crescent moon hanging on the top of the willow trees near the eaves. Zhang Baowei, the teacher of the Central Academy of Fine Arts who went with me, recited Liu Yuxi's poem with some sadness: “ Wild grass and flowers beside the Zhuque Bridge, and the setting sun at the entrance of Wuyi Lane. In the old days, the Yan in front of Wang Xie Hall flew into the homes of ordinary people. ” The vicissitudes of Wuyi Lane reveal Liu Yuxi's sadness in his poems Worry. There are many sighs in Nanjing. This city was once brilliant, but also once lost. It went up and down several times. In a city like Nanjing, there is always a solemn tragic color.

        My memory actually shows that the development of new Chinese architecture needs not only enough architectural connotation, but also enough cultural and historical support to become the climate. After liberation one thousand nine hundred and fifty In the s, there was also a period when national formal architecture was needed to revitalize patriotism and national confidence, so there were some new Chinese style explorations.