Four hundred years ago, there was an island country called Britain on the other side of the mountain and on the other side of the sea, where His Majesty the Emperor was a woman. Of course, that is not the country of women in Journey to the West, because all the ministers there are men, and one of them is John Harrington Harrington).

As a courtier of Queen Elizabeth I, Comrade John Harrington, apart from doing his job well, is also engaged in literary creation, which is to enrich the spiritual life of the British people in general and to earn contribution fees to subsidize the family. However, due to his busy work and neglect of ideological and political learning, his novels were out of tune with the main theme. In 1584, he was sentenced to exile by the authorities under the name of spreading indecent stories.

When he arrived at Kelston, the exile place, he began to feed and clothe himself, lived with his own hands as honorably as working people, and even built a comfortable house for himself. This is not like the behavior of a person who is undergoing exile and transformation. He is simply going to enjoy himself! Fortunately, there was no TV, no Internet, and no game consoles at that time. Otherwise, it was hard to guarantee that he would not have brought so many to himself.

John Harrington was lying on the bed. Suddenly, he was bored. After reading all the books he had brought, he always wanted to do something on the whole. At this time, a bath of urine made him come back to reality. Alas, he had to go out to the toilet. I really didn't want to go out in such a dark night! But unless I build a toilet that can be used in the house, it will not escape.

John was urinating in the cold wind while saying, "Duo, Duo, Duo, the cold wind froze me to death, and I will build a toilet tomorrow..."

The next day, he built a toilet that could flush. In fact, he could build a toilet or a nightjar. But he felt that as a courtier of Her Majesty the Queen, as a national cadre, he could always meet the strictest standards. Even if he built a toilet, it must be a toilet with high standards and high starting points. When he used up the toilet to be emptied the next day, He looks down upon it. (In fact, he felt that the task of emptying the toilet was too painful, and he could not hire a migrant worker under the overpass when he was in the wilderness.)

Well, in this way, John Harrington can finally show his respect in his own house comfortably. When he sits on the toilet designed by himself, he is very proud of himself. The tall image of Chinese teacher Fan Zhongyan emerges in front of him. He worries about his people when he is high in the temple, and about his king when he is far away from the Jianghu. Teacher Fei said so well. I am now far away from the Jianghu and have invented such a good toilet. How can I forget the great, glorious and correct Queen? No, I can't patronize myself. I have to dedicate this invention to Her Majesty the Queen!

However, Her Majesty the Queen was ungrateful. She was reluctant to dig a hole in the expensive floor of her palace to try out the new invention. She even thought that Lord Tang had such a bad taste hobby, which was nothing, so she banned him from entering the palace again. Of course, as the ruler of the feudal society, she obviously cannot represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the British people. If she does not accept it, it does not mean that the people do not accept it.

People don't mind having another hole in their broken floor, so this great invention has been promoted. Everyone praises the benefits of this toilet. Experts agree that this invention has greatly improved the urban environment and filled the gap in China.

After seeing so many people say yes, Her Majesty the Queen is finally moved. She not only retains John's position in the court, but also installs a toilet in the palace in Richmond.

The triumphant John Harrington even wrote a book called The Metamorphosis of Aas Metamorphosis of Ajax》， Of course, this book is an illegal publication without the approval of the General Administration of Press and Publication. The Metamorphosis of Aas not only records many anecdotes related to his "evil taste", but also systematically lists the construction schematic diagram, description, cost and materials needed for the new toilet, which is like a reference book for building toilets.

However, Comrade John's ambition was only half realized, because it was easy to install a flush toilet, but it was a difficult problem to install a sewer pipe. It seemed that it would never be reasonable to install a drain pipe so that people could tear down the house and rebuild it. The toilet can only be allowed to drain water from the wall hole to the street, which has cleaned my home. It seems difficult to take into account how the street is.

In his lifetime, John Harrington only saw the popularity of the flush toilet he invented, but did not see the popularity of the supporting drainage measures he designed for this new toilet at that time.

In 1666, a hundred years after Lord Harrington, the matter finally came to pass, but the chance was a disaster -- the Great Fire of London. The fire burned for five days. Four fifths of the city of London turned into rubble, 13200 homes were burned down, and more than 200000 people were displaced. In the process of reconstruction, the Congress passed a bill requiring each family to build sewers. Here, the whole structure of modern urban toilets was finally completed.

Not long ago, the British magazine Focus invited 100 of the most authoritative experts and scholars and 1000 readers to select the world's greatest invention.

In fact, if you know a little about European history, it is not difficult to understand that before there was a flush toilet, the residents of European cities kept the custom of the Roman era, and used to pour out night pots from their own windows. British gentlemen walk on the left side of women to protect the latter from the unpredictable attack of street windows (the traffic in Britain is on the left). This custom has been passed down to this day. Another thing that has been passed down to this day is the man's top hat. It is very practical to keep out the wind, rain and feces. This shows how despicable the source of the modesty and politeness that the British are proud of.

The reason why Europeans have such bad health habits is that they do not know the harm of feces. They do not know that the dung mountain and urine sea on the street will bring plague (they are deeply poisoned by feudal superstition, and they blame the plague on the "messenger of the devil" - cats, and kill them when they see it). This kind of confusion eventually produced bitter results. In 1665, a crazy plague spread throughout Europe. More than 60000 or 70000 people died in London alone. In only three months from June to August in 1665, the population of London decreased by one tenth. By August 1665, 2000 people died every week, and 8000 died in September.

In sharp contrast, the Chinese people knew the harm of feces as early as the Pre Qin period, and even turned it into treasure, making it the world's earliest biological and chemical weapons.

In ancient wars, shit was a very useful thing. The so-called fecal poison was made by boiling human and animal excrement into aconite, arrowhead wood juice and other toxic materials. Put it on the arrow, the wound of the victim will fester and become infected. Under the ancient medical conditions, the patient will basically have a belch. Moreover, they will not die soon. They will drag on for a week or so, which will impose a heavy burden on the army and reduce the number of effective fighters.

Stool is a necessary thing for guarding the city in ancient times. In Mozi · Preparing the City Gate and other articles, it has been said that "one toilet every fifty steps in the city", "going to the toilet is the toilet in the city", and "mixing makes the city dirty". The toilets on the city wall are for the soldiers guarding the city, so that they can be settled nearby when on duty; The toilets under the city are called "Assorted Toilets". When the city is surrounded, people in the city go to the designated place to use the toilets, so that the feces can be treated uniformly to avoid the plague and also to facilitate collection. What are you collecting for? In addition to making the venom smeared on the arrows, you can also add boiling oil to heat it and pour it down: "The city guard makes filthy excrement and urine on the city, and holds a bucket, or a jar or bottle. The thief sprays it with dung or pours it on the head at the root of the city, making it all over the body, and the city cannot slide on it." (Life Saving Book, Ming · Lv Kun)

For those who attacked the city, they put dead cats, mice, horses, cows, and even the dead bodies and heads on the catapults and shot them into the city to make them corrupt, stink in the city, and eliminate the other party's will to resist. It is also a goal to spread the plague.

Speaking of the harm of feces for a long time, I want to explain how great the toilet (including the urban sewer system) is, and it is simply the savior of European cities. From another point of view, after the development of the toilet, human excretory civilization has gradually become private and sophisticated, to some extent, it can be said that it is the basis of modern civilization and modern ethics.

The toilet revolution in Britain is not so much an innovation as a force of innovation forced by the situation. From the beginning, Lord Harrington did not want to go to the toilet in the middle of the night because he was afraid of being eaten by the wolf; Residents in plague cities in Europe have to take measures to prevent feces from overflowing, and the urban sewage system built is a natural product. The flush toilet is really great, but we don't necessarily owe it all to Lord Harrington. Without Lord Harrington, the toilet will still appear in London. It was invented by Baron Clinton or Viscount Wellington. In addition, a large number of working people will be born who have made various improvements to the toilet.

From this, we can easily get the first innovation theory: innovation is the inevitable product of demand.

Since the Chinese people have long been aware of the dangers of feces, why didn't they take the lead in inventing the flush toilet? You should know that it is precisely the Chinese people who realized the harm of feces too early, so that they had a very laborious but effective protection mechanism for fecal disposal very early. The toilet in China is far away from the residence in site selection, so as to avoid the spread of foul gas along the air; In the structure, the cesspit is also a deep buried vat, which effectively blocks the dung from polluting the land and water sources. In cities, there are special dung workers (mixed workers) who transport dung to the countryside and sell it to farmers as fertilizer.

Since there is no urgency of such demand in Britain, China's toilets have been consistent for thousands of years. However, the harmony and unity between man and nature in Chinese people's bones and the idea of the unity of heaven and man make Chinese people feel that their life is very good and there is nothing inconvenient. The mentality of being satisfied with the status quo has become a resistance in terms of innovation. Even if someone invented the toilet that can flush, promotion is also a problem. Some people will refuse to use this new equipment on the grounds that the old ancestors have been doing this for thousands of years, and even laugh at those who use tricks with their ancestors.

The only thing that Chinese people can do is to make the ancestral things more exquisite. This is a creation of dancing with shackles. In fact, it is a "fake innovation". It is difficult to invent a toilet that can flush, but Chinese people are very good at making a toilet decorated with gold and diamonds. Inlay, carve, gilt and filigree all together. In a word, it is no problem to make foreigners taste luxurious and exquisite.

It is said that Yuan Shikai once gave Empress Dowager Cixi a toilet. In addition to its exquisite workmanship, it was covered with fine sand and mercury. When using it, the filth fell into mercury, and it was silent and tasteless. When discussing with colleagues, they agreed that this was a fake legend, because mercury was so heavy that it would not "sink into mercury" unless lead was pulled. False legends belong to false legends, which can be spread, at least to show that there is an imperial complex in the minds of Chinese people, and innovation is mostly for a few people, rather than the general public.

To this day, this complex still haunts the Chinese people. If the toilet was not difficult to enter the elegant hall, someone must have inlaid 2008 diamonds on the toilet to make a five ring logo for BOCOG.

The road of innovation for Chinese people has a long way to go. When the goal is to make the ordinary people live better, it is the beginning of real innovation and the first step of national progress.

Back in the history of toilets, in the 19th century, a man named Thomas Twyford's plumber has greatly improved the water closet, solved the problem of automatic water supply by floating ball, and kept a section of water column in the toilet with U-shaped elbow structure. The former allows us not to turn on the faucet every time before going to court, while the latter forms a natural water seal to seal the odor of the sewer pipe. His patented design made of ceramics is still the basic structure of many flush toilets.

In the 20th century, Japan carried out a series of innovations on the toilet, such as adding functions such as body cleaning device and seat ring heating, which further pushed the toilet to a new height.

At this point, the story is basically over. In the history of flush toilets, there is nothing for us Chinese people, which is worth our reflection. I hope that when we continue to write this story next time, there will be a chapter for us Chinese people

Note: Uncle Jiang Ming also contributed to this article.

what? The boss installed a fingerprint attendance machine? Don't be afraid!
You can copy a fingerprint and ask your colleagues to help you knock it, so that everyone can take turns sleeping late!
what? Don't copy fingerprints? Ok, let's learn the fingerprint copying method that I invented recently!

Deng Deng Deng... Start!
First, we need to prepare some things, which are very common.
Coke can x1 (can't be replaced by coke bottle)
Transparent tape x1 (can not be replaced by Saint Seiya sticker)
Candle x1 (kerosene lamp can be used instead. If you can't find it, you can also use a lighter)
Scissors x1 (used to cut coke cans, so it's better not to use expensive and new scissors, especially those used by your girlfriend to trim eyebrows)
Tweezers x1 (no vice, but don't use the small tweezers in the Swiss army knife, or your hands will be burned)
There are only so many things. If you are rich enough, you can prepare some double-sided tape.
 
First, we cut the Coke can with scissors and cut out small pieces of aluminum, which are slightly larger than fingers. Each fingerprint needs two pieces of aluminum. One edge must be cut straight, which is good for later production. If you have a paper cutter and are willing to use it, it will be easy.

Next, light the candle, use tweezers to hold the aluminum sheet and place it on the flame for fumigation. Pay attention to fumigation rather than burning. The purpose is to make the aluminum sheet covered with carbon black. It is easier to produce black smoke and blacken the aluminum sheet if the flame is not fully burned by properly pressing down a bit of flame.

After the aluminum sheet is blackened, put it aside to cool for standby. At the same time, transparent tape can be prepared. Tear off one piece of transparent tape, with the adhesive side facing up and both sides folded back, and stick it on the table. Otherwise, your hands will not be enough later. When tearing the adhesive tape, pay attention to the uniform force to avoid lines on the surface of the adhesive tape.
 
 
After the tape is fixed, the aluminum sheet is almost cooled. Use your attendance finger to press on the black surface of the aluminum sheet. Then print the fingerprint on the transparent tape, and pay attention to the most perfect place on the transparent tape.
 
 
Then, you get a duplicate fingerprint, but this fingerprint can neither be used nor saved, so next, you need to execute the final part to make the fingerprint available (as Windows said when burning a CD)
Take out another piece of aluminum, which is more elegant. You can use alcohol cotton to wipe the silver side, which can fit more closely with the transparent tape. Use tweezers to put it on the tape, and cut the flattest edge against the fingerprint. Then carefully fold it over and stick the fingerprint part on the aluminum sheet, which can block the light and fix it. When pasting, be careful not to produce bubbles, otherwise, all the previous work will be wasted!

 
After pasting, cut off the part of the fingerprint and flatten it, and you are done.
 

In order not to be found when using, you can stick double-sided tape on your fingers
 
 

What about? Can't you see it at all?

Councillor He, this child 2008-02-28 18:34:55
Small and medium-sized
Label: Editor's Notes Culture
    I have long wanted to write about Councillor He, because this child is the most intelligent and interesting person I have ever met.

    Today, he read my blog and complained bitterly that I didn't list him out for individual thanks. Instead, he and many people used the words "author friends", just like many people crowded into a small house. Share the lease! It's pathetic.

    At the thought of the sad situation of his plump figure squeezed in a sardine can, my eyes immediately moistened, so I promised to write a separate article to thank him. Alas, who makes me so kind and loyal. Although there are so many manuscripts on the desk, the publication process is so urgent, and I need to sleep urgently, although... the most important thing when wandering in the Jianghu is the word "righteousness". I have to go out of my way, make a quick decision, and start writing immediately.

    Speaking of Councillor He, let me describe him a little, and you will understand. Have you seen Tony Leung's version of "Two Proud Men"? Have you seen the 83 version of Sculpture Shooting? Well, please use your imagination, Jiangxiaoyu+Laowutong=lifelike like a person jumping about in life.

    Well, please don't make a mistake. Don't mistake him for being as powerful as Liang Chaowei. I mean the appearance of an old urchin, the soul of a small fish, and their common bad character.

    When I introduced him like this, I was worried because Councillor He is a man who is always jealous. I destroyed his good image in the eyes of many fans and worried that he would retaliate against me. His whole mischief is a series of tricks. It's scary to say that the top ten torture in the Qing Dynasty is not as cruel as his method. Once I was moved by the sincerity of an HC's little sister, who revealed the MSN of any other member, and the consequences were...... (Delete some words here to avoid the imitation of terrorist organizations led by Osama bin Laden, which will lead to chaos in the world.)

    But the poor little sister, who had talked with Councillor He for less than ten minutes, was scared away and cried to me, saying, "Why is a person so cute when he writes, but a person is so hateful?"

    Therefore, what I wrote next is absolutely against my conscience. I have to be tough and brazen, conceal evil and promote good, and try my best to praise him. However, I believe that mature audiences will be rational. There will always be a distance between ideal and reality, and the truth will always be different from the appearance. Chinese style blockbusters are always less wonderful than the premiere. The advertisements look beautiful, but the product quality is often heartbreaking, depressed and crazy.

    Well, Councillor He is extremely smart (note: this does not mean appearance), and he is smart enough to make people feel pressured. It takes courage to make friends with him; It absolutely requires wisdom to invite him to write. (Ha ha, a little proud.)

    Indeed, I have seen smart people, but I have never seen anyone as smart as him. In fact, all the writers I know are extremely intelligent, except that others' intelligence is warm, reserved, implicit, tolerant, and kind, while Mr. He's intelligence is fiery, radiating, sharp, radiant, and overwhelming... This shows that he is quick in thinking and quick in reaction, fighting and bickering with others, It will never lose; It is absolutely qualified to publish textbooks if you play tricks and seek revenge. Sometimes I really doubt whether he is from Mars. Why does he have a different brain from the people on earth.

    Since I met Mr. He, I have been thinking about whether to blacklist him for at least 7 hours every day. It is impossible to ask him every time without shedding a layer of skin. Threatening, luring, deceiving, deceiving, deceiving, lying, asking exorbitant prices, paying the money on the spot, crying and playing roughshod...... He used all his skills, but when he saw that he was fighting, the soldiers came to block, and the water came to the soil, he was not fooled. Often when I was angry, angry, jumping up and down, about to collapse, and planned to drag him to the blacklist, he found his conscience at this moment and agreed at once. Well, for the sake of the manuscript, I'll swallow my pride and refuse to argue with him.

    However, the kid is naughty, but he keeps his promise very well. He will promise if he promises, and will not promise if he does not promise. However, he refused to hand in the manuscript without hesitation. He always began to write slowly on the day I agreed to the deadline for the submission of the manuscript. Then, at the last second before I left work, he suddenly handed me the manuscript, which made me angry and happy.

    Every time I get his manuscript, I lie on the chair exhausted and say to myself, this is the last time, the last cooperation. But a few days later, the editor in chief would walk slowly in and ask: "Why, why haven't you seen the manuscript of any other member for a long time?" The senior officer was so overpowering that he had no choice but to bite his teeth and fight bravely against him again.

    The boy was proud of his mischief. He remembered asking his youth storyteller to write a story and asked him to send a jade picture and resume. He sent Yuzhao, boasting that he was "a good-looking uncle who writes good books". I opened Yuzhao curiously, and almost spewed food. Another look at the introduction. What is it? Count his naughty deeds, what are the school's punishments for mischief, the company's dismissal for damaging public property, and so on. The boss can't scold me to death after seeing such a living treasure? I coaxed him to write a resume of his glorious deeds in publishing and film and television.

    However, the child is still a very sincere person. I remember that in the early summer of 2007, he suddenly sent me an article. I thought it was a manuscript. I was secretly glad that he was so happy to take the initiative to write this article this time. Unexpectedly, when I opened it, it was a prose called "When Watermelons Bloom Again". I never thought that such a naughty person would have such sincere feelings. I was so moved that my eyes were filled with tears, and my throat was choked with sobs to try to stop his previous vicious attitude towards him. He suddenly set up a group to bring me and Buk into the group, and let's talk about what's special about his prose. We were prompted by him, and it seemed that our eyes were almost crossed when we saw that it was "Tibetan". This boy, don't show off his talent at any time. I was so moved that I became angry, but I was convinced when I was not satisfied. It really needed talent to be able to accurately calculate the format, line spacing, and number of words to make such a hidden article.

    On a business trip to Shanghai, he and Yex invited me to eat in the hotel next to the company. He ordered the dishes, and then told the waiter not to put coriander, or set the store on fire. The waiter said yes with a burst of joy. He then asked seriously, "Do you know what happened to the fire last time?" We all looked at him with a puzzled face. He patted the table and said, "It's because of the coriander!" I didn't eat much of that meal. I just listened to him happily. Ye X looks indifferent and indifferent.

    When I came back, I felt grateful for their hospitality. When I remembered that I had a big talk with them about the duck neck in Wuhan at dinner, I sent a little message to them. Ye X felt sorry and thanked them again and again. But Councillor He, the greedy little fat man, did not hesitate to think about it. Once I was so angry with him that I secretly asked YeX on MSN, "Is there anything in the world that you are afraid of?"? They were both in the same office. Councillor He saw them and immediately came to tell me that he was most afraid of duck neck. When he saw duck neck, his legs would be weak and trembling and he would surrender to write a script. I snorted: "Oh, it seems that the ranking on the weapon spectrum will be rewritten. Now the first one is not the Tang Family's Overlord Gun, but the Wuhan Duck Neck."

    Every time he writes a script, he never forgets to tease me. At first, he scolded me in General Ma, saying that I urge him to write all day long, which is more annoying than urging him to find his girlfriend's mother. I was also young and energetic at that time. I didn't know tolerance, so I deleted this sentence without hesitation. Then in "Bad Men and Policewomen", I changed the name of the hero to "He Huairen" and called him "He Bad Man". Unexpectedly, he was inspired to think that he had found a mischievous opponent and spent time with me. Since then, the heroine has used my name. Each time, he solemnly stated at the back of the article that this character was purely fictional and had nothing to do with the deputy editor in chief of Modern and Ancient Legends Story Edition.

    Good Ye X saw that I was badly bullied and secretly told me the name of the girl whom Councillor He secretly loved. Ha ha, God has eyes, Councillor He, you have today! I proudly told him, "In the future, if you dare to take me as the heroine of the story, I will directly replace my name with 'xxx'." The little fat man felt very hurt, and said that I threatened him not to write for me. In the future, he would rather write for other story magazines than take the contribution fee. The only condition is that he is not allowed to change his name, and then post a blog and a cat poop.

    In fact, I also wanted to fight back. I planned to make up a story to scold him. I had a good idea of a story. I had been silly for a long time, and I was going to write it. But I thought it would hurt the demeanor of our famous journals. Besides, the boy, the more you fight back, the more noisy he becomes. Forget it. Silence is golden. Don't respond. I am pleased to find that after several battles, I have finally matured.

     Because of "Funeral of a Friend", I got a bad reputation on the cat and forced the reputation of the manuscript to spread. Now, Kela and others will hide when they see me. If they can't hide, they will betray their friends. In this way, beautiful writer Asi and others are thrown to me.

     Councillor He is a person of great taste. The writers recommended to me are all very good, and rarely do birds of a feather flock together. Although he is so stubborn that people have a headache, Yex, Bukla, etc. are excellent people. Some works and films recommended by Councillor He to me are really good after examination. His understanding of the story is very special and profound. In terms of business, I had a lot of communication with him. I felt inspired and learned a lot. He has a broad vision. Councillor He is also a very serious person. He is very serious about himself. I think that's why he and I can be friends despite our great personality differences.

     One day, I suddenly remembered to ask him about his constellation. He was very surprised and told me: "Today is my birthday. My sister just sent me a text message to remind me that I almost forgot." Well, it's better to hurry up early than to hurry up skillfully. What is bad luck? Just like me! It's so refreshing to drink cold water. I had to ask him hypocritically what gift he wanted. The boy thought for a moment and gave me two choices: Fujitsu notebook or Yellow Crane Tower 1916. I didn't know that the Jianghu was dangerous. I foolishly chose Yellow Crane Tower 1916. I went back to find someone to ask about the price. I admired him very much. He was willing to talk about our friendship! To my shame, I haven't cashed the gift yet. But I remember. I am also faithful.

    Once, we seemed to have a sincere conversation about Soldier Assault, and we complimented each other half heartedly. For the first time, a member of the staff affirmed to me, "It's your ability that you can meet me for a manuscript!" Although this sentence was crazy enough to make people want to beat him, I was also touched when I thought about it.

     Finally, thank Mr. Bukla for his encouragement in the process of writing this article!