Environmental management system certification

Components of the overall management system within the organization

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synonym ISO 14001 (ISO 14001) generally refers to environmental management system certification

Environmental management system Certification means that a third party Notary Institution basis Public release Environmental management system standards（ ISO14000 environmental management series standards ）, assess the environmental management system of the supplier (manufacturer) Third party institutions Issue environmental management system Certificate And give registration announcement to prove that the supplier has Environmental protection standards And the environmental assurance capability of products or services required by laws and regulations. Through the environmental management system certification, it can verify the raw materials Production process Whether the processing method, product use and post use disposal meet the requirements of environmental protection standards and regulations.^[1]

The Chinese name of ISO14001 is Environmental Management System Specification and Use Guide, which was officially issued in September 1996.^[3]

Chinese name: Environmental management system certification
Foreign name: Environmental Management System

Interpretation: Components of the overall management system within the organization
Purpose: Prevent adverse effects on the environment

catalog

brief introduction

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Environmental management system certification Environmental management system（ EMS ， Environmental Management System）

According to the definition of 3.5 in ISO14001: environment management system It is an integral part of the overall management system within an organization, which includes the organizational structure, planning activities, institutional responsibilities convention , procedures, processes, and resources. It also includes the organization's environmental policies, objectives, indicators and other management aspects.

The environmental management system can be described as follows: it is a planned and coordinated management activity of an organization, in which there are standardized action procedures and documented control mechanisms. It passes through Clarify responsibilities , obligatory organization structure To prevent adverse effects on the environment.

principle

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Principle 1: Commitment and policy

An organization should develop Environmental policy And ensure the commitment of environmental management to the environmental management system.

Principle 2: Planning

An organization should plan for the realization of its environmental policy.

Principle 3: Implementation

In order to implement effectively, an organization shall provide the capability and Safeguard mechanism 。

Principle 4: Measurement and evaluation

An organization shall measure, monitor and evaluate its environmental performance.

Principle 5: Review and improvement

An organization shall review and continuously improve its environmental management system with the goal of improving its overall environmental performance.

According to the above principles, it is better to regard the environmental management system as an organizational framework, which needs continuous monitoring and regular review to adapt to the changing internal and external factors and be effective Guiding organization Environmental activities. Each member of the organization shall assume the responsibility for environmental improvement.

certificates

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a) Business license;

b) Organization Code Certificate ；

c) Introduction (Registered address and actual place of business In case of inconsistency, it shall be explained);

d) Qualification;

e) Manual

f) Projects under construction

g) Pollutant test report (Level I risk);

h) Understanding“ Three simultaneities ”Approval and EIA reply situation;

i) Important environmental factors detailed list

j) Manufacturing industry needs to provide Process Flow Diagram 。

k) Provided by enterprises laws and regulations detailed list;

l) Confirm the compliance certificate and the pollutant detection report of non first level risk industries;

method

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Environmental management system audit refers to the internal audit of the environmental management system of an organization, which is the organization's self-examination and evaluation. Internal audit The process of program control , carried out regularly. The internal audit shall judge whether the environmental management system conforms to the scheduled arrangements and ISO14001 standard requirements. Whether the environmental management system has been correctly implemented and maintained, and report the audit results to the management.

The audit object of the environmental management system is the environmental management system. A complete internal audit should comprehensively and completely cover all the sites and activities of the organization, cover all elements of the ISO14001 environmental management system standard, and include the organization's Important environmental factors Controlled situation, Target indicators The degree of realization.

The environmental management system audit shall ensure that objectivity Systematic and documented requirements shall be implemented according to the audit procedure. The internal audit procedure shall specify the following contents:

A、 The scope of audit can include Geographical region , department or system elements;

B、 The frequency of audit should be based on the organization's own Management status And the requirements of external institutions;

C、 Audit methods generally include checking documents and records, observing the site and operation, and interviewing relevant personnel;

D、 Audit team Requirements and responsibilities, such as the ability and responsibilities of the audit team leader and members;

E、 Audit report And the requirements and submission methods of the results. An audit plan (scheme) shall be formulated before each audit, including the arrangement of personnel and time. The audit content shall be based on the environmental importance (repeatability) of the activities involved and the results of previous audits.

The environmental management system is referred to as EMS, the new version of the environmental management system in China Certification standard Yes: GB/T 24001-2016。^[2]

Equivalent to ISO 14001: 2004 Environmental Management Systems - Requirements and Guidance for Use

guiding principle

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ISO14000 The environmental management system standard is to create Green enterprise It is an effective tool for enterprises to carry out environmental management and promote the sustainable development of enterprises. ISO14000 is a standard applicable to any organization. Due to the differences in specific situations between industries and organizations, many organizations cannot understand this feature of the standard. This wide range of standards Applicability It reflects that the standard is a basic standard and a management framework. Each organization must first understand the essence of the standard to build on it Implementation standards 。 In particular, ISO14000 is a standard related to environmental management. How to grasp environmental benefit 、 social results and Enterprise benefits It is a difficult problem. According to practical work experience, the guiding principles for implementing ISO14001 mainly include:

1. Environment management service Sociable environmental problems Improvement of

Generally, the operation and management of an organization serves the needs of its own development, but the fundamental goal of environmental management is to meet social environmental protection and sustained development Needs. In many cases, environmental protection and Enterprise development It is a pair of sharp contradictions. In order to survive and develop, enterprises will choose the latter without considering environmental protection. along with global environment The deterioration of the situation, protect the environment It is urgent to improve the environment environmental consciousness With the gradual improvement of the government's environmental management laws and regulations, enterprises must implement environmental management.

2. Role of leadership

Corporate Top management High attention and strong leadership are the guarantee for enterprises to implement environmental management and the key to success. As the top management is the decision-making level of the organization, it decides and controls the development of the organization, and provides financial and human resources support for management activities Implementation process It plays a coordinating and guiding role, so the role of leadership is important. In environmental management, there are two main manifestations of the failure of leadership to play a good role: first, leaders cannot understand environmental issues well and cannot make decisions in this regard Decision judgment It is just a matter of entrusting this work to a certain department, and such work often deviates greatly. Second, the leadership is weak, and the management of various departments cannot be well coordinated, which causes great obstacles to the environmental management work and often fails halfway. The reasons for the above problems are Leadership quality Low, incompetent for work. One of the leadership selection and training mechanisms in China is to exercise and train on the post, which is very unfavorable to management. Every post, whether it is the highest leadership or an ordinary operating post, needs competent employees, so that the role of the post can be fully played. "On the job training" means that the employee is not competent. In the process of training him into a competent person, the incompetence of the employee has caused many job deviations, and some results are very adverse. Especially in the process of environmental management, unqualified personnel cannot be allowed to be on duty, because once environmental problems are caused, the consequences are serious and irreversible.

3． Full participation Environmental management

Environmental management is a management work, but it does not mean that management work is just management layer Things. staff Participation in management If we can grasp it well, it will be very helpful for management. It is found in enterprise environmental management that managers do not interact with employees effective communication , just give orders to employees, so employees do not understand or even contradict the orders, so that the orders cannot be obtained Effective implementation 。 When the order is not effectively executed, the manager is more willing to attribute it to the low quality of the staff, resulting in the problem that cannot be solved.

4. Implement process control

Process refers to the system that converts input into various activities of resources used for output. The purpose of the process is to improve its value. Any activity can be managed as a process. Process management It can greatly improve efficiency.

In general Product production process The production result is a tangible product, so the control of the result can be divided into two situations: one is the direct control of the production result -- the product. Generally, the inspection method is used Nonconforming products eliminate; The other is to control the production process to reduce the possibility of nonconforming products. The first method is widely adopted, which can Effective control Product quality, but the loss of the enterprise is large, because the defective products have to be reworked or scrapped. This is a great waste of resources. Process control can significantly reduce such waste and ensure quality. Similar situations also exist in environmental management: End treatment And process control. End treatment refers to Production process To develop and implement effective treatment technologies for the generated pollutants. End treatment in the environment Management development The process is an important stage, which is conducive to the elimination of pollution incidents, and also slows down the Production activities The trend of environmental pollution and destruction. However, with the passage of time and the acceleration of the industrialization process, the limitations of end of pipe treatment are increasingly exposed. First, the large investment and high operating costs of pollution treatment facilities make enterprises production costs rise, economic performance Decline; Secondly, the end treatment is often not thorough treatment, but the transfer of pollutants, such as the formation of a large number of waste residues from smoke and gas removal and dust removal, and the production of a large number of sludge from centralized wastewater treatment, so the pollution cannot be eradicated; Third, the end management does not involve the effective use of resources and cannot be stopped natural resources Waste. Therefore, to truly solve the pollution problem, it is necessary to implement process control, reduce the generation of pollution, and fundamentally solve the environmental problem.

5． Continuous improvement

Continuous improvement is an organization that actively seeks opportunities for improvement and strives to improve Effectiveness And efficiency. Since the environmental problem is a problem of continuous development and improvement, the goal of environmental management is continuous improvement, which also conforms to the principle of sustainable development.

It is relatively easy for enterprises to take measures to improve environmental performance. After the environment is improved, it can also be carried out to maintain the existing environmental management level and environmental management performance. However, it is difficult to improve management performance, because managers lack the awareness of continuous improvement. As for "improvement", the managers of enterprises more understand it as reaching the standard or being satisfied through improvement when the standard is not met or not met. In fact, this work cannot be called "improvement", but just a "correction". "Improvement" should refer to the continuous improvement of the standards met. Because of the improvement of standards, if the enterprise can still meet the standards through efforts, then the enterprise is "improving". It is not enough to make one "improvement". From the perspective of long-term development and environmental protection requirements of the enterprise, what the enterprise needs is“ Continuous improvement ”。

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