1640 is a leap year, which is the lunar calendarGengchen Year, is the Year of the Dragon.Year is MingChongzhenThirteen years, Qing DynastyChongdeFive years.Its first day begins on Sunday.
On February 7,CommanderZuo Liangyu, GovernorThree Sides of ShaanxiWaiterZheng ChongjianWait for a fiascoZhang XianzhongIn Taiping CountyManao Mountain。At that time, the Rebel Army was divided into three routes, the west route was Zhang Xianzhong, the boundary between Chu and Shu, and the east route was Zhang XianzhongCoriaceous eye, Cao Wei, South RoadTransit starEtc.
March
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On March 7,ChongzhenThe emperor issued an edict to strike the townsInterior minister。The imperial edict said: "The officials in each town have been observing for a long time. The army, horses, money and equipment have slightly improved, but the war, defense, and assistance have not been unified. So he withdrew the chief inspector, sub guards, and other officials back to Beijing for another use. The governor, the government, the town, and the Tao will shoulder all the money, horses, border defense, and suppression of the emperor in border affairs.
On March 14,Hu Kegei is in the processLeft-handedsparseChen SiDisadvantages: the people are poor, the soldiers are weak, the ministers and workers are in a hurry, and the national plan is wasted.Also, please prohibit the soldiers from plagiarizing and asking for rice money to help the hungry.Emperor Chongzhen adopted his words, and ordered 75 prefectures and counties to stop practicing three times, 68 prefectures and counties to stop collecting wages in the middle disaster, 28 prefectures and counties to collect wages in the autumn, and ordered the prison to be cleared up.
April
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In April, to raise fundsMilitary expenditure, suppressionScotlanduprising,charles i Forced to convene a parliament that had been suspended for 11 years.
On April 15,ChongzhenThe emperor told the officials and ministers: over the years, qualifications have been restricted and talents have been suppressed.It is not our ancestors' intention to make an exception to the rules when they failed to comply with the repeated orders to pay tribute and receive tribute.Go to schoolsuccessful candidates of the national civil service examinationAnd triedAnnual tributeA total of 263 people, all owned by six departmentsProcuratorate、General Administration Department、Taichang TempleEach department subordinate and the inferred official should fill in the gaps in order.This is for special use, not for example.
May
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In May, an uprising broke out in Barcelona;In order to suppress this uprising,PortugalOur nobles have receivedMobilization order, let them goCataloniaenter a war.
On May 13, it rained cats and dogs day and night in Wujiang, Gui'an and other places in Su, Song, Hu and other prefectures. The water suddenly burst out, and the buildings collapsed regardless of the embankment.The price of rice is Teng Yan, and the price of rice is as high as 34 silver coins. Rich families often close the sale, and people eat all the grass and grass, leaving their wives and the dead to sleep on each other.The bullies are in small groups, clamoring for food, street strikes, and rural households are closed.
On May 16,ChongzhenThe emperor told the Ministry of HouseholdProcuratorate：Direct provinceThe people in Jifu, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, and Shaanxi were hungry, and some people ate vegetables without color. They dug out meat and Cuan bones, hid the amount of water, and said that they fell into tears.
July,Zhang XianzhongGo westBaiyang MountainAndLuo Rucaimeet.hereCao WeiWhen crossing the sky to cross the river, Ming officials and soldiers stopped him.Zhang Xianzhong arrived and met him.
On July 14,Luo RucaiHe Ming, Commander in ChiefSun YingyuanWait for warXingshanZhifeng Yiping was beheaded more than 2300 levels by the officials and captured more than 500 people.Luo Rucai leads his followers to Wushan and joins Zhang Xianzhong's team.
July 15, LinqingDeputy ChiefHuang YinsiOcean Shipping Chart。
August
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August,Yang SichangWhen he left for Sichuan, Wan Yuanji, the supervisor of the army, entered Sichuan firstGeneral of ShuGuard such dangerous places as Pakistan and Wuwu.
September
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September,Li ZichengFrom Yun, Jun to Henan.At first, Li Zicheng was surrounded in the Yufu Mountain (SichuanFengjie CountyEast), when many people in the righteous army surrendered to the government, Li Zicheng wanted to kill himself and discouraged him for his adopted son Shuangxi.Li Zicheng's subordinatesLiu ZongminKilling his wife told Li Zicheng that he would die and obey the king.When the soldiers heard about it, they also killed more wives and swore to follow Li Zicheng.Li Zicheng is burnedbaggage, Qingqi entered Henan.
On September 6, the Ming army was defeated at Guanyinyan.at that timeWanyuanjiGarrison Wushan,Shao JiechunIn Dachang, we support each other.
On September 8,Tang RuowangThe repaired old zither was presented together with another foreign musical instrumentChongzhenemperor.
November
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In November,Yang SichangLead the army into Chongqing.military inspectorWanyuanjiPromote to the front of the armyAs fierce as a tigerAs the President,Zhang YingyuanServe as deputy and lead the armyMianzhou, assign all generals to guard the key place, Yuanji from the path toShehong, waiting for the Rebels at Pengxi.Rebel garrisonAn YueWorld, when the officers and soldiers arrive, they retreat toNeijiangLike a tiger chasing after it, Yuanji and Yingyuan are guarding under Anyue City.
December
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In December, an imperial edict was issued to increase the tariff of the world.ChongzhenIn the early years, the tariff increased by one yuan for every two years,Chongwenmen、Ho-hsi-wu 、LinqingJiujiang, HushuYangzhou, Beixin, Huai'an Baguan, an increase of 50000 liang.Soon, another two dollars were added.minister of worksBe strict with oneself, discussion on "increasing Nanjing"Publicity and Education DepartmentTax amountTen thousand is thirty thousand ", the minister of the Ministry of Housing of NanjingZheng SanjunReceived by "Publicity Department"Land taxFew, please pay taxes in Wuhu to offset the increaseComments"The tax is 30000 yuan in Wuhu, but the tax is still increased by 10000 yuan".Later, he was able to spend less money and increased the tariff by 200000 liang, while the merchants and people became increasingly poor.
On December 1,PortugalRegained independence from Spain.
birth
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Pu Songling
On June 5, the author of Strange Stories from a Lonely StudioPu SonglingBirthday.
Death
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Zhang Jingyue(1563-1640), late Ming DynastyJoint inspection(Today ZhejiangShaoxing）The person, whose name is Jiebin, whose name is Huiqing, and whose name is Jingyue, is also called Tongyizhai, because his room name is Tongyizi.At the same time, because he is good at usingCultivated land, some people also call him“Zhang Shudi”。Ancient Chinese MedicineWenbu SchoolThe representative of.People called him "a master of medical skills"“ZhongjingLater, one person for thousands of years ", his academic thought has a great impact on later generations.
Cai GuoyongDeath: Cai Guoyong (? - 1640), born in Jinxi, Jiangxi, with the word Zhengfu.In 1610, the 38th year of WanliZhongshuShe promoted the imperial historian.calendarDali TempleChengShaoqingIn the fifth year of the apocalypse (1625)Wei ZhongxianMeaning, order to stay idle.ChongzhenIn the first year (1628), he became an official and moved to the right side of the Ministry of Works repeatedly. In the eleventh year of Chongzhen, he was promotedMinister of RitesConcurrentDongge BachelorEnter the cabinet.In June of the 12th year, we made progress by making marginal contributionsCrown Prince, Minister of HouseholdWenyuange Bachelor。In November, we will make progress in the defense of the cityminister of personnelWu Yingdian Bachelor, died on June 20, 2013, presentedTaibao, posthumous title Wenke.It has been used for three years by the government. It has lived in a pure and honest position and has done nothing.
Li XinInvest inLi Zicheng: Li XinweiQi CountyThis is the son of Shangshu Jingbai.ChongzhenIn December of the 13th year (1640), it was invested by Li Zicheng.Li Xin wanted to wash away his sins because his father was listed against the law. He once sent rice and stone to help the hungry people. People called him "Young Master Li".HourRed LadyAnti trust.The letter escapes, surrenders itself to the government, and the government jails it.The Red Lady and the starving people robbed the prison together, killed the magistrate and returned, and coerced Li Xin to return to Li Zicheng.Li Zicheng changed his name to Yan.Li Zicheng proposed that "killing one person is like killing my father, and raping one person is like raping my mother",Li YanIt has "Welcome"title assumed by the rebel leader Gao Yingxiang and later passed to Li Zicheng in their uprisings during the late Ming dynasty, no food, "and put forward“Equal field free of grain”Etc.To make the Rebellion's military discipline solemn.The Rebel Army grew rapidly.TaurusInvest inLi Zicheng: Taurus isLushiTo cite peoplegradeHe was accused of joining Li Zicheng's army as the mastermind without permission. Later, he sneaked back. After the incident, he should be punished.Since then, take it easy.So he returned to Li Zicheng in December of 1640, the 13th year of Chongzhen.
Song XianceInvested by Li Zicheng:ChongzhenIn December of 1640, Song Xiance was recommended by Niu Jinxing and voted by Li Zicheng.Song offered advice and divination to Li Zicheng, and wrote "Eighteen sons, the main artifact" to him.
Battle of Manao Mountain
On February 7, 1640, the 13th year of Chongzhen,Yang SichangResidentXiangyang, and orderZuo LiangyuSpecial suppressionZhang Xianzhong。Zuo Liangyu led the army to fight with Zhang Xianzhong at Gouping Pass (west of Xing'an County, Shaanxi Province), and Xianzhong was defeated.Zuo Liangyu, please come from HanyangXixiangGo to Sichuan and pursue it.Yang Sichang ordered Zuo Liangyu to be pursued by other generals, but Zuo Liangyu refused.When Zhang Xianzhong moved to Jiugunping, he saw that the Agate Mountain was very steep, so he took it.Zuo Liangyu's army reached the foot of the mountain, while Zhang Xianzhong had occupied the top of the mountain. Zuo Liangyu was divided into three groups and went up about the drum. After a long battle, Zhang Xianzhong's army was defeated.Zuo Liangyu's soldiers broke Cao Wei, the sweeper, Deng Tianwang, the white horse and other leaders of the Rebellion.Zhang Xianzhong's wife and concubine were captured, and Zhang Xianzhong fled to Xingzhong and Guishan.Soon he entered Xing'an againFangxian CountyThe government and army are afraid of mountain risks and will not attack,Zhang XianzhongIn the hidden forest, the mountain people were bribed to buy salt rice. The mountain people became the eyes and ears of the Rebels. Zhang Xianzhong received scattered soldiers, and his momentum recovered.
May 16, 1640 (the 13th year of Chongzhen's reign), when natural disasters were prevalent, people sought inspiration and greedy helpdemon of droughtThe cruel and harsh drumYellow River water godWave.In the course of people's livelihood, don't die.Recently, although the imperial edicts of Zhenzhen were issued repeatedly, they were unheard of.Today, I heard that lazy thieves do not follow the rules of the world, and those who abuse recovery do not do good. How much money will local officials give to accumulate grain?How many people will be recruited for the relief work?The fields are deserted. Did you buy calves for the seeds and cultivate them in many ways?The rich gentry, if they lose money and make money, try to persuade them?Have you ever announced the suspension of money and food in order to benefit?It is the duty of the caretaker to check the officials and pacify the people. It is necessary to reduce the practice of county survey, that is, whether there are local hungry people or not, and the palace where the officials belong is the most important.
Peasant Army Entering Sichuan
ChongzhenJuly, 1640,Zhang XianzhongAlthough he was defeated, he was still full of anger. He immediately moved to the riverside and cut off the former. The officers and soldiers retreated. After Zhang Xianzhong crossed the river, he stationed in Wanqing MountainYang SichangOnly sinceYilingThe boat came up.Zhang Xianzhong's power has been strong, he has successively captured Dachang and Kaixian, attacked Jianzhou in the north, and will enterHanzhong。And attacked MianzhouLuzhou, toKaixian。Yang Sichang is in ChongqingHe RenlongZuo Liangyu did not come to help.
On September 6, 1640, the 13th year of Chongzhen's reign, the Ming army was defeated at Guanyinyan.At that time, Wan Yuanji was stationed in Wushan, and Shao Jiechun was stationed in Dachang to support each other.Later Jiechun, in the words of his generals, thought that it was difficult to guard the upper, middle and lower Madu in Dachang because the water was shallow and flat. Instead, the soldiers were divided into three places, each sent three or four hundred people to guard. The Rebels rushed to the Madu and broke it first.The Yuanji ordered the generals to gather at Tanjialing, Qibonkan, Qianxi and other places, and sent Zhang Zukai to garrison the clean wall.Luo Hongzheng of Jiechun SchoolShen Yinglong2. Will help.andZhang XianzhongHaving broken through the net wall and reached Dachang, Dachang was conquered.
ChongzhenIn the 13th year of the Great Famine (1640), all the plants were eaten up. The government dug a pit outside the city gate to bury the starving dead. The burial was full, and the hungry people who had no food fought forIn pitThose who cut and eat their meat until a father and son couple eat each other.
In 1640 (the 13th year of Chongzhen's reign), locusts were everywhere, hundreds of trees were leafless, and there were thousands of miles of bare land.People dig grass rootsbarkFather and son eat each other, skeletons are crisscross, babies are abandoned, and many people stand on their own feetDraftThose who want to sell and turn the ravine are not counted.Spring of 1641PestilenceThen, more than half died.
