Emperor JianwenZhu Yunwen，Emperor Taizu of the Ming DynastyZhu YuanzhangHis grandson, Prince YiwenZhu BiaoHis son, Zhu Yuanzhang died in 1398 (the 31st year of Hongwu's reign), and Zhu Yunwen succeeded to the throne as the great grandson and changed the next year to the first year of Jianwen.During the reign of Emperor Jianwen, his fourth uncleZhu Di(LaterEmperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty）Start“Battle of Jingnan”In 1402 (the fourth year of Jianwen's reign), the imperial palace in Nanjing (the capital of the Ming Dynasty at that time) was burned by fire, and Emperor Jianwen's whereabouts were unknown.After Zhu Di became the emperor, in order to increase the legitimacy of his succession, he did not recognize the year of "Jianwen", and changed the fourth year of Jianwen to the thirty fifth year of Hongwu (previously analogy).
Chronicle of Events
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In 1402, the Jingnan Army crossed the river to attack Dongping in the first month of this year.
In 1402,Taizong, KoreaCall SeoulSeoulThe government is directly under the Central Government.
In 1402, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming DynastyZhu DiSacrifice to the southern suburbs, that is, the throne.
In 1402, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming DynastyZhu DiIt was decided to move its capital to Beijing.
In 1402, the Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty ordered the army to return to the north to retaliate against the villagers in Cangzhou and Yanshan who had tenaciously resisted the "Jingnan Army"“A hundred people are luckyThere is no escape ".
In 1402, Aoshan Guard was set up, governing Xiongya and Fushan.
In 1402,Zhu DiCaptureNanjingRear, leftJindu Imperial HistorianJingqingWhen the assassination attempt was unsuccessful, Zhu Di ordered the nine ethnic groups to dig their ancestors' graves.He also took advantage of his hometown and turned to Panran, which made the village a ruins.
Historical records
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Mystery about the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen
In 1402,Battle of JingnanwithKing of YanThe victory ended.NanjingWhere did Emperor Jianwen go after the fall of the city?Historical records vary.Some said that Emperor Jianwen and his empresses burned themselves in the palace. Others said that Emperor Jianwen did not die, but escaped from the palace disguised as a monk.Later, he was 64 years oldZhu YunwenIt was found and connected to the capital.The Ming Yingzong asked Wu Liang, an old eunuch who had served Emperor Jianwen, to identify the authenticity. Wu Liang found that Emperor Jianwen had a black spot on his left toe. Wu Liang proved it was true, so he held Emperor Jianwen's foot and cried. Emperor Jianwen was welcomed to live in the palace until he died of old age. In fact, there is no evidence for the above two statements. The real whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen is still difficult to determine,It became a big mystery in the history of the Ming Dynasty.It is said that Cheng Zu sent Zheng He to the Western Seas to seek the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen.
Liaodong's troops collapsed in Zhigu
In the battle of Lingbi, the whole army of Ping An was destroyed, and Sheng Zhongjun was even more isolated.Adopted by Zhu YunwenQitai、Huang ZichengAnd ordered the governorYang WenLed 100000 troops from Liaodong to Jinan, andTie XuanCombine the army to cut off the rear of Yanshi.On May 1, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,Yang WenLead the army toDirect sellingAt that time, Song Gui, the general of Yan, and others intercepted, but Yang Wenquan's division was defeated by the Yan army, and none of them could reach Jinan.Some military officials who were hesitant to wait and see, simply surrenderedKing of YanZhu Di。
Yan Shike Yangzhou
WritingOn May 7 of the fourth year (1402), the Yan Army arrived in Yuzhou (now Yuxian County, Anhui Province), and the garrison general Zhou Jingchu surrendered without fighting.Zhu DiAfter paying a quick visit to his great grandfather's mausoleum in Yuzhou, he crossed the Huai River, overcame Xuyi and headed for Yangzhou.Yangzhou Guard CommanderWang LiI have long had the heart to subdue Yan. I heard that Master Yan is coming, and I want to subdue Yan from the city.However, the censorWang Bin. Guarding and commanding Chong Gang Cha ZhiWang LiWang Li and his henchmen were arrested and jailed in advance due to a strange plan.Wang BinChonggang sticks to the city and never breaks the armour day and night.Zhu DiCapture and kill with the third rank of reward officerWang Bin。Wang BinIn order to strengthen the defense, he often follows a strong man who can lift a thousand kilograms.Zhu DiSend the order department to sneak Wu Yu into Yangzhou to ask for instructions, plot with Wang Zong, the younger brother of Wang Li, and bribe the mother of the strongman with heavy money to ask her to call her son out. Thousands of households, Xu Zheng and Zhang Sheng, take the opportunity to take a bath in the process of armour removalWang Binarrest.On the 18th, he was rescued from prisonWang LiOpen the city gate to welcome the Yan army.After Yangzhou surrendered, the Yan army successively captured Gaoyou, TongzhouTaizhou, Yizhen and other places set up camps on the north bank of Gaozi Port, across the river from the capital, and Jianwen Imperial Court was in imminent danger.
Imperial edict to the diligent king
The Imperial Court is in jeopardy when Yan Shi's troops are in the city.On May 20, the fourth year of Jianwen's reign (1402), Zhu Yunwen had no choice but to issue an "edict to punish himself" and conscript the king.The imperial edict Sifang DusiChief SecretaryIn the face of the national crisis, the officials of civil and military affairs of the procurators and the officials of the various prefectures headed to Queqin to support the clan.As for awarding rewards based on merit, I have nothing to spare.So, dispatchimperial censorLian Zining, Right Waiter of the Ritual DepartmentHuang GuanJin Yousheng, Right Servant of the Ministry of Punishment, Right Servant of the Ministry of WorkZhang XianzongCompiled by HanlinWang ShuyingAnd other places for conscription.The results were Yao Shan, the governor of Suzhou, Wang Xuan, the governor of NingboHuizhouprefectChen YanhuiSongjiang Tongzhi Zhou JiyuLepingZhixianZhang Yanfang, Former Yongqing Classic HistoryZhou JinHe and others successively joined the capital guard.At the same time, those who have gone out to recruit soldiersQitai、Huang Zicheng, conspiring against the Yan army who intended to cross the river and commit crimes.
Emperor Jianwen asked for peace
SubsequentZhu YunwenAfter the "imperial edict to the emperor",Fang XiaorutowardsZhu YunwenHe presented the method of slowing down the army, planned to send people to the Yan army, and promised to divide the land to invite peace, so as to wait for the king's army in the southeast.On May 22, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,Zhu YunwenSend Princess Qingcheng across the river to discuss peace.Zhu DiShe met the servant sister in the military camp. Princess Qingcheng tactfully conveyed Zhu Yunchi's intention to make peace and askedKing of YanNo longer cross the river.Zhu DiThe answer was: I was ordered to take the imperial examination. Feudal Maotu cannot be preserved. How could I cut the land!How can we believe in this evil and fallacious plan if we want to see deception?I'm going to kill evil, clear the court, lay down the state and preserve the flesh and blood.Zhu DiDecisively rejected the request for secession and peace, Princess Qingcheng had to get up and leave.
Yanwang Guazhou Crossing the River
Emperor Jianwen
On the first day of June in the fourth year of Jianwen (1402), Yanshi prepared to cross the riverSheng YongThe engagement is not good, and they are trying to negotiate peace and return to the north,Zhu DiGao Xu, his second son, arrived with cavalry.Zhu DiSurprised, he relied on the battle axe and said: "My son should encourage him. His son is tall and has many diseases. If he wins the world, he will let you take it and inherit it.".Gao Xusu comes withA descendantThis kind of promise undoubtedly increased Gao Xu's courage to lead people to fight with all their might,Sheng YongFirst win, then lose, retreat to Jiangnan High Capital Port.At this time, the commander in chief of the boat division was the capital officer of the right army defending the riverChen XuanThe natural moat of the Yangtze River that used the boat master to subdue the swallow to prevent the swallow master from crossing the river has lost its function.On the second day of the first lunar month,Zhu DiSacrifice the god of the river and pray for a smooth crossing.The next day,Zhu DiThe pledge to cross the river inspires the Yan Army and the Anti Japanese Association to work together, be loyal and brave, overcome difficulties and fall into battle, cut down the flag of generals and soldiers, and be a target, die hard, cross the river and cut off evil.Later, the Yan soldiersGuazhou(In today's Jiangsu Province).Sheng YongArranging high capital ports to face the battle, Gao Xu takes the lead in landingDashing array, and then the soldiers and soldiers went forward. The soldiers and soldiers of Sheng Yong were frightened by the great momentum of the Yan army, abandoned the land and fled, and the Yan army easily occupied itGaozi Town。The Yan army made progress in Zhenjiang by taking advantage of the victory, and the garrison general commanded Tong Junju to surrender the city to Yan.On the eighth day of the first lunar month, the Yan army moved from Zhenjiang to Longtan, where Zhongshan Mountain in the capital was far away.
The fall of the capital
The news that the Yan army was stationed in Longtan reached the capital, and officials and people in the capital were shocked.Zhu Yun lingered anxiously.Zhu DiI thought that after the attack and defense of the capital had been completed, I would send a general to serve the four episodes of the king's divisionLiu Bao, Huaju and other cavalry led more than ten scouts to Chaoyang Gate, and reported that the capital was not well prepared,Zhu DiSo he led the whole army forward and arrived on June 13, the fourth year of Jianwen (1402)NanjingDowntown.I was ordered to guard the west side of BeichengJinchuan GateOfDuke of CaoLi Jinglong and Ku Wang Chu Ku sensed that the Jianwen Imperial Court had gone, and opened the city to welcome Yan Shi.Yan Jun followsJinchuan GateAlthough entering the cityDuke of WeiXu HuizuThey fought with equal force, but it didn't help, and the capital fell from then on.
Zhu DiAfter leading the Yan army to capture the capital,Zhu YunwenSeeing that the situation is over, I personally took the conspiracy asKing of YanInside the siegeXu ZengshouKill him, run back to the palace, have no way out, close the palace and burn himself to death.Zhu DiSeeing a huge fire burning in the palace, he hurriedly asked the envoy to save it, but it was too late.The Chinese envoy found a charred body from the ashesZhu DiReport, this is JianwendiZhu YunwenThe bones of a corpse.Zhu DiSighed regretfully;Little boy is ignorant, even here!Therefore, they also held a funeral camp in Longjiang, ordered a division to manage the funeral, and sent officials to pay sacrifices to the world.On June 20, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,Zhu DiBei Li buried Emperor JianwenZhu YunwenHe also stopped his pilgrimage for three days to express his condolences.AndZhu YunwenOn the contrary, it is said that Emperor Jianwen died through the tunnel,Imperial AcademyEditCheng Ji, Imperial HistorianYe XixianMore than 40 people went with them to the southwest to become monks. They traveled all over Yunnan, Guizhou, Pakistan, Sichuan and other places. In their later years, they returned to the imperial court to the north. After trial, they knew they were not wrong, so they were welcomed into the Forbidden City. They were old Buddhas, died of illness at the age of 64, and were buriedBeijing XishanIt is called "the tomb of the world's great mage".
On the first day of July in the fourth year of Jianwen (1402),Zhu DiAfter sacrificing heaven and earth in the southern suburbs, he returned to Fengtian Hall.Since June this year, the imperial edict will still be based on the 35th year of Hongwu and the first year of Yongle next year.All the laws changed in Jianwen were inherited from the ancestors, and the old system was restored.On the third day of July,Zhu DiAccepting the request of the Ministry of Officials, all the official systems changed when the imperial edict was established were just like the old ones of Hongwu.
Creation of the Cabinet
In the 13th year of Hongwu (1380),Zhu YuanzhangabolishSecretariatandPrime minister systemLater, in order to deal with the needs of government affairs, the Hall of Huayi, the Hall of Wuying, the Pavilion of WenyuanDongge BachelorTo prepare for the consultant, instead of entering into the standard maintenance.Zhu DiAfter reaching the summit, he decided to employ a group of talented and talented peoplecivil officialsParticipate in maintenance.On August 1, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,Zhu DiChoose life to readJiejin, EditingHuanghuai RiverEntering the Zhiwenyuan Pavilion is the same as the imperial court's confidential and important business.In September,Zhu DiHe ordered me to readHu Guang, CompilationYang Rong, EditingYang Shiqi, ReviewJinyouziandHu YanIt is the same as Zhiwenyuan Pavilion and participates in the maintenance.The seven of them waited on the emperor's side day and night to assist him in political affairs.It is called "cabinet" because it acts in the inner palace.The Cabinet participated in the maintenance from then on.However, at this timemember of a privy councilProduct rank is far awaySix ShangshuMoreover, there is no official subordination and no jurisdiction over the affairs of various divisions.At the time of Mingren Zong and Mingyi ZongSix ShangshuAs a part-time bachelor,Cabinet officeGradually respected.Ming YingzongTianshunIn the future, the cabinet will have great rights and interests.Zhu Houxi, Emperor Shizong of the Ming DynastyEunuch dictatorship, moremember of a privy councilThe alignment shift of is listed inthe Six Boardsabove.The cabinet senior scholar assisted the emperor in deciding the policy and plan, checked the titles of all officials, and drafted the imperial edict, which seemed to be the leader of all officials.
Dafeng Jingnan Meritorious Official
On the fourth day of September in the fourth year of Jianwen (1402),Zhu DiDafengstabilize a dangerous situationContributors: ZhongjunDudu TongzhiQiu FubyFengtian JingnanPrudential Xuanli WuchenTejin Ronglu Doctor, Zuo Zhuguo, Zuo Dudu of the Central Army, was granted the title of Duke of Qi, with a salary of 2500 stones;Zhu Neng, the governor officer, was appointed as the left governor of the Chinese armyCheng GuogongLu 2200 stone;Zhang Wu, the official of the governor, was a fellow governor of the Chinese army, and was granted the title of Marquis Yang with a salary of 1500 stones;Chen HouHe was the commander of the rear army and was granted the title of Taining Marquis, with 1200 stones of salary;Zheng HengHe was the Zuo Dudu of the Central Army, and was granted the title of Marquis of Wu'an, with a salary of 1500 stones;Yu Shan, the commander of the Rightist Army, was granted the title of Lord Wu Dinghou, with a salary of 1200 stones;Fire truthHe was the commander of the Central Military, and was granted the title of Tong'an Marquis, with a salary of 1500 stones;Right GovernorGu ChengsealZhenyuanHou, Lu 1500 stone;Wang Zhong, the governor of the right army, was the governor of the right army. He was granted the title of Jing'an Marquis and received a thousand credits;Wang Cong, the commander of the city, served as the governor of the Chinese army, and was appointed as the Marquis of Wucheng with a salary of 1500 stones;Governor and officialsXu ZhongHe was the Zuo Dudu of the former army, and was granted Yongkang Marquis, with 1100 stones of Lu;Zhang Fengfeng, the governor and official, was the marquis of Longping, with a thousand stones of salary;Li YuanHe served as the commander of the Chinese army and was granted the title of Anping Marquis, with a salary of 1000 stones;Guo LiangHe was the commander of the Zuo Army, and was granted the title of Anhou, with 1200 stones of salary;Governor and officialsRoom widthSeal Si'en Hou, Lu 800 Shi;All CommandersXu XiangSeal Xing'an Bo, Lu 1000 stone;Xu Li, the official of the governor, granted Wu Kangbo a salary of a thousand stones. All of them commanded and knewLi JunSeal Xiangcheng Bo, Lu 1000 stone;Zhang Fu sent a letter to An Bo, Lu Qianshi, Tang Yun sent a letter to Xin Changbo, Lu Qianshi, Tan Zhong sent a letter to Xin Ningbo, Lu Qianshi;All command the servantsSun YanFengying Chengbo, Lu 1000 stone;Fang ShengFeng Fuchangbo, Lu Qianshi, Zhao Yi, Xin Chengbo, Lu Qianshi, and Chen XufengYunyangBo, Lu 1000 stone, Liu Caifeng Guang Enbo, Lu 900 stone.On the merits of money, the governor Tongzhi Wang Zuo served as the governor Tongzhi of the Chinese army, granted Shunchang Bo and Lu Qianshi,Chen XuanHe was the commander of the Rightist Army, and was granted the title of Pingjiang Bo, Lu Qianshi;Fuma DuweiWang Ning granted the title of Yongchun Marquis, with a thousand stones of Lu;RuSeal loyalty, pay a thousand stones;increaseDuke of CaoLi Jinglong's salary is four thousand stones.In addition, the former capital, Dutongzhi, was restoredZhang YubyRongguo Duke, granted the posthumous title of Zhongxian, and was awarded the post of the late military governorChen HengHe was the Duke of the Jing State and was granted the title of Zhongyong;Commanding Officer of the Former CapitalTan YuanChong'an Marquis was granted the posthumous title of Zhuang Jie.In May of the first year of Yongle (1403), another discussionstabilize a dangerous situationMerit, sealFuma DuweiYuan RongHe was the Marquis of Guangping, and was granted the title of Emperor Fuma DuweiLi RangFor Fuyang Marquis, Lu 1000 stone;sealDuduLi Bin, an official, was the Marquis of Fengcheng, and received a thousand salaries. Chen Hengzi, Chen Mao, was granted the title of Ning Yangbo, and Wang Zhenzi was granted the title of Wang ZhenziWang TongbyWuyiBo, Feng Du Commander TongzhiWang YouFor Qingyuan Bo, he was granted the capital to supervise the affairs of officialsChen XianAs Rongchangbo, he was granted the capital to command TongzhiZhang XingIt is the uncle of AnxiangChen ZhiFor the sake of Amber, every man eats and pays a thousand stones.Three marquis and six uncle were appointed.
Tumin Beiping
In September of the fourth year of Jianwen (1402),Zhu DiThe Ministry of Household was ordered to verify that the landless households in Shanxi had moved to Peiping, and the counties and prefectures were still paying cash per household for the purchase of cattle, grain and farm tools. Five years later, taxes would be levied.In August of the first year of Yongle's reign (1403), he was convicted of relegation and tenancy in Beijing. According to the regulations, prisoners below the level of crime committed crimes reclaimed farmland in Beijing.At the same time, rich people from ten counties including Zhili, Suzhou and nine provinces including Zhejiang were relocated to Beijing.In the second and third years of Yongle, thousands of farmers in Shanxi moved to Beijing.After several years of migration, the population of Beijing has greatly increased, creating conditions for the construction of palaces and the relocation of the capital.
On November 13, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,Zhu DiThe Imperial Concubine Xu was named the Queen and announced to the world.Xu (1361-1407), King of ZhongshanXu DaThe eldest daughter, who has been chaste and quiet since childhood and is fond of reading, is reputed as "female students".In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the Xu family was named the King of YanZhu DiConcubine, very popularZhu YuanzhangofQueen MaLove.Zhu DiAfter the war, Xu helpedA descendantZhu GaochiIt lives in Beiping.In October of the first year of Jianwen (1399), Zhu Di attacked the northDaning，Li JinglongTaking the opportunity to encircle Peiping, Xu Shi led the women in the city to cooperate with the garrison soldiers Dengbei to resist, and finally blocked the enemy's attack.After the Xu family was listed as the queen, "they waited on the throne overnight, but only with the idea of living people".Once, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming DynastyZhu DiWanted to be his dead brotherXu Zengshou(When the capital fell, it was killed by Emperor Jianwen) chased the Duke, but the Xu family tried to dissuade him. After Zhu Di insisted on making Xu Zengshou the Duke of Ding, the Xu family said, "It's not my ambition.".Xu once compiled the ancient people's praises and good deeds, and wrote 20 pieces of Internal Instructions and a book of persuasion, which were awarded to the world.On the fourth day of July in the fifth year of Yongle (1407), Xu died of illness at the age of 46.Before dying, Xu also advisedZhu DiCherish the people, seek talents, be gracious to the clan, and do not favor relatives.On October 14 of the same year, Xu's posthumous title wasEmpress Renxiao。From then on, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming DynastyZhu DiNo more standing behind.
Zhu bran decreed that meritorious officials should obey the law
On the third day of December in the fourth year of Jianwen (1402),Zhu DiThe imperial edict to all meritorious officials said that the monarchs who created the world with martial arts in the past must rely on the ministers' aides.However, it is often difficult to preserve generals and officials later. Why?Perhaps it is because people at high places are prone to indulge in perverting the law and refuse to repent because of their favor!The monarch is on behalf of heaven and cannot tolerate personal coercion, so his generals and officials should also be punished according to law.I, Emperor Hongwugao, legislated the Constitution to make future generations abide by it.If you meritorious officials violate the Constitution and punish those who fail to understand the precepts, you will be punished according to the law.Even if you are close to the old, you cannot forgive.Emperor Gao is wise and decisive. In the past, you received great kindness from Emperor Gao, but now you support me. I wish you long life and wealth.If anyone dares to be incorrigible and do evil, he must be held accountable. Then don't blame me for my lack of virtue and kindness.Now let's make known the edict of Emperor Gao, and hope everyone will never disobey it, otherwise, we will regret it.
Battle of Feihe River
On the first day of March in the fourth year of Jianwen (1402),Zhu DiHe led the army to Suzhou (today's Suxian County, Anhui Province).On the 14th, he followed the Yan army safely with 40000 horses on foot.Zhu DiDetermined to defeat the peaceful pursuers, he quickly ran south to the Feihe River to lay an ambush.When Ping An's army comes, General YanWang ZhenThe soldiers deliberately usedBunchy grassThe forged bundles of silk were thrown at the pursuers, who mistook them for genuine bundles of silk and scrambled to get off their horses and pick them up.At this time, ambushes sprang up everywhere, blocking and chasing soldiers to fight.Unexpectedly, the peace army suddenly arrived, Yan JiangWang ZhenSurrounded, he cut down dozens of people. Finally, he was outnumbered. After being seriously injured, he committed suicide on the horse.Zhu DiLearn about the WarriorWang ZhenWhen he died, he led the army to fight.The Ministry of Peace and Security will see the King of Yan with the ashes of Huoer (one of them is Heerhe)Zhu DiWhen he went to war, he shouted in writing and went straight to Zhu Di. Unfortunately, Yan shot Tong Xin to his horse and was captured.Huoer Huiyuan is the guard general of Yan Mansion,Zhu DiHe was taken to the capital by the Jianwen Imperial Court before the start of the war and became a general of Ping An.After he was captured,Zhu DiTo remember his old love, he stayed as Suwei.The Ping An Army retreated to Suzhou.
The Battle of the River
On April 14, the fourth year of Jianwen (1402), the Yan army moved to Xiaohe（Suishui）, standing on the bridge and refusing to defend.The next day, Ping An led the army to seize the bridge, and the two sides started a fierce battle.At this time, the Commander in ChiefHe FuLine up and march eastward along the river, join forces with Ping An to attack the bridge, defeat the Yan army, Yan generalChen WenHe was killed in the array.He moved to Beiban safely and rushed into the Yan army with his horse slapped and his body slappedZhu Di。Seeing the bad situation, Yan Jiang Wang Qi jumped into the array and tucked upZhu DiRun away.He FuLead the crowd across the bridge, and the courage is multiplied.Yan General Zhang Wu and others, who were ordered to lie in ambush in the forest, saw the enemy troops cross the bridge and rushed out of the forest,Zhu DiTake advantage of the situation and lead the troops to fight back, so as to ensure safetyHe FuHe dared not rush forward, so he had to retreat to the south of the bridge.The two armies camped across the bridge and held each other for several days.Zhu DiNot willing to be trapped, they left more than a thousand soldiers to guard the bridge. The rest of the army secretly traveled eastward for thirty miles, crossed the river at midnight and went around to the back of the Confederate army to attack.Ping AnHe FuUnexpectedly, he was panicked in the face of the attack of the Yan army.Seeing that the Confederate army was not supportedDuke of WeiXu HuizuWhen reinforcements arrived, Xu Huizu and Ping AnHe FuThe joint counterattack made the Yan army flee in disorder.
Lingbi Battle
On April 25, 1402, the fourth year of Jianwen,He FuMove to Lingbi, join forces with Ping An, cut deep and build high bases, and think of a lasting solution.However, the grain road was blocked by the Yan army, and the supply was in crisis.On the 27th, King YanZhu DiIt was reported that Ping An was leading 60000 people to escort 50000 food and salaries in a square arrayLingbiGo ahead.Zhu DiTen thousand brave men were ordered to cover the reinforcements, and they led the elite to cross the enemy's lines and cut off the pay protection army.He FuHearing the news of the rescue, they killed thousands of Yan soldiers with the Ping An Army, and the Yan army was forced to retreat.At this time,Zhu GaoxuAnd tens of thousands of ambushes,Zhu DiReturn the army and fight again;He FuDefeated on both sides, they stuck to the camp.The Yan army intercepted all the food and salaries.The imperial army, which was trapped in the camp, was ready to break through the siege and go to Huaihe to provide food because of the lack of food supplies.On the 28th,He FuPing An ordered the soldiers and soldiers to take three shots as the breakthrough signal the next day.It happened that at dawn the next day,Zhu GaoxuLed the Yan army to attack the battalion, and the sound of artillery was loud.When the defenders heard the artillery and mistook it for the command to break through, they rushed out.The garrison officers and soldiers who left the camp met the Yan army who attacked the camp. Suddenly, they were in a mess. The camp fell and the southern army collapsed.Song Xuan, commander, died in battleHe FuHe fled alone, and others such as Chen Hui, the left deputy commander, Ping An, the right deputy commander, Ma Pu, the governorXu ZhenThirty seven major generals, including Sun Cheng, the commander of the capital, and the overseerDeputy Capital Imperial HistorianChen Xingshan, the official of Dali TemplePeng Yuming、Imperial CollegeVice-Liu BoWang Zi and other 150 officers were captured.Ping An is brave and good at fighting, and has repeatedly defeated the Yan army. When the Yan army heard that Ping An was being held, they cheered loudly and asked to be killed,King of YanCherish their talent and courage, send them to Peiping, and then surrender peace to the King of Yan.King of YanChen Xingshan, etccivil officialsRelease them all.On the way home, Chen Xingshan sighed that he had insulted the monarch's life, and jumped into the river to kill himself.After the Lingbi War, Jianwen Imperial Court went from bad to worse.
Zhu Di is the Emperor
On June 17, the fourth year of Jianwen in the Ming Dynasty (1402), King YanZhu DiNamely, the throne is Emperor Zuwen of the Ming Dynasty.In June 1402, the Yan army enteredNanjingCity,Battle of JingnanIt ended with the victory of King Yan.The next day, Emperor JianwenZhu YunwenThe deposed kings led the civil and military officials toZhu DiZhu Di began to express his disapproval of the above proposal, and the kings and officials persuaded him for several days.On June 17, at the prompt of Yang Lao,Zhu DiFirst of all, we paid a visit to the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Then all kings and civil and military officials prepared their Dharma chariots, presented their seals, stood on the road, and shouted "Long live!".At this point,Zhu DiThen he ascended the chariot and entered the palace, and accepted theMinister of WarRuThe leading officials made a pilgrimage, officially became the emperor, and changed to Yongle.July 1st,Zhu DiAfter sacrificing heaven and earth in the southern suburbs, he returned to the Fengtian Temple and ordered the following year (1403) to be the first year of Yongle.The ancestral laws changed by Emperor Jianwen should be abolished, and everything should be restored to the old system.On July 3, the imperial edict changed the official system changed when Jianwen was established back to the old Hongwu system.September 4 and May of the second year (1403),Zhu DiThe Imperial Concubine Xu was appointed Queen.The Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty began secretly after restoring the rank of all kings and nobles“Cut the vassal”。Move the frontier fortress kings back to the mainland, reduce the retreat of the kings, and at the same time, recover the kings from the generalsGarrison troopsControl and command;Reiterate the prohibition that kings are not allowed to serve military and civilian officials without authorization, and they are not allowed to interfere in local affairs;The kings who committed mistakes were first warned in writing, then punished, and finally abolished as commoners or punished.This one“Cut the vassal”The strategy is more stable than that of Emperor Jianwen, and the implementation of the steps is more leisurely. It has received the effect of reducing the vassal state without causing chaos.In the first year of Yongle's reign (1403), Beiping was changed into Beijing, and various Yamen were set up in BeijingDaningDu Situ arrived in Baoding.
Zhu Di (1360-1424) isZhu YuanzhangThe fourth son was resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He played a great role in the war to eliminate the Yuan Dynasty Empire and was granted the title after the founding of the People's Republic of ChinaKing of Yan, garrison Beiping with heavy troops.Zhu YuanzhangAfter death, the eldest grandsonZhu YunwenNamely the throne, Huidi.Restructuring of Zhu YunwenCut the vassal, intended to weaken the power of the various kings.Zhu DiRefusing to obey, we raised our troops to resist.After four years of war,Zhu DioccupyNanjing, independent emperor, known in history“Battle of Jingnan”。Zhu DiAfter he ascended the throne, he made five personal expeditions to the Northern Expedition and moved his capital to Beijing;Send eunuch Zheng He to lead Pang's fleet to the Western Ocean;Mobilize people to openHuitong RiverAnd make the North South Grand Canal from Hangzhou to Beijing unimpeded.Zhu DiDuring his tenure, he organized more than 3000 scholars to compile Yongle Dadian, the largest book in Chinese history, through years of efforts.In 1424,Zhu DiHe died of illness on the way to the fifth Northern Expedition at the age of 65, and was in power for 22 years. He was buried in Changling, Beijing, and the temple was called Chengzu.
