There are 35 fixed personnel in the laboratory, and the main academic leaders areAnzhishengAcademiciansZhou WeijianAcademiciansLiu YuResearcherLiu XiaodongResearcherCao JunjiResearcher, Liu Weiguo, etc.The current laboratory director: Academician Zhou Weijian, and the director of the Academic Committee is Academician An Zhisheng.
Scientific research field
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Focusing on scientific objectives and building an open research platform for scientific research capacity, under the leadership and guidance of Academician An Zhisheng, the laboratory carefully laid out the discipline direction, and now has five research directions and laboratories, including environmental evolution, aerosols and environment, modern environmental processes, biogeochemistry and geo environmental modeling.It covers the environmental evolution at different time scales, the test and analysis of chronology and climate proxy indicators, computer simulation research, and dust aerosol research that reflects the relationship between the past and modern environmental processes in Quaternary research, forming a relatively complete disciplinary layout.The laboratory takes loess and other geological carriers as the research object, and establishes the research objectives as follows:
On a long-term scale,To explore the change law of the East Asian monsoon environment system, study the formation and evolution process of the East Asian monsoon environment and its dynamic relationship with the periodic uplift of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and global changes;
On a short time scale,Through the research of 100 year, 10 year and 1-year resolution climate and environment change series, the change characteristics and the causes and mechanisms of its occurrence are explored;Reconstruct the modern East Asian monsoon environment, especially the history of dry and wet changes in northwest China;Find out the source area, transmission and deposition rules of dust in the Asian interior and their regional and global impacts;Restore the natural background image of the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau and surrounding areas, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for the protection and construction of the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau and the implementation of the western development strategy.
Historical evolution
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A brief history of the development of the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology: the development of the laboratory can be summarized asThree leaps:
The first stepIn 1984Liu DongshengAcademiciansShi YafengAcademiciansLi ZhenshengAt the initiative of professors and other older scientists, the Chinese Academy of Sciences decided to set up a unit specialized in loess and Quaternary geology in Xi'an.The first director of the Loess and Quaternary Geology Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is academician Liu Dongsheng.Under the guidance of Mr. Liu Dongsheng, Academician An Zhisheng (then an associate researcher) led theInstitute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesEight scientific researchers were transferred toXi'anStarted a hard and brilliant entrepreneurial process.They started from pulling plates and transporting instruments. Under extremely simple conditions, they successively set up chronology laboratory, geochemistry laboratory and sedimentology laboratory.Under the irrigation of wisdom and sweat, this seedling, which focuses on loess and Quaternary geological research, began to thrive and will be full of vitality in the future.In August 1987, it was approved as an open laboratory by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, realizing the first step.
The second stepFrom 1987 to 1993, Xi'an Open Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology was successfully operated. Academician Liu Dongsheng and Academician An Zhisheng timely grasped the latest trends of international quaternary geological research, actively developed cutting-edge research work with broad vision and keen vision, and made a number of important theoretical achievements.In March 1993, the laboratory was listed in the "National Key Laboratory Construction Plan" by the former State Planning Commission, and passed the acceptance in 1995key state laboratories, realizing the second step.
The Third LeapThe first director of the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology is Academician An Zhisheng, and the director of the Academic Committee isDing Guoyuacademician.14C dating, luminescence datingenvironmental magnetism , dendrologystable isotope , dust geochemistrysedimentology andSporopollen analysisAnd other laboratories, becoming one of the experimental bases for research on global change in the past Quaternary in China.In the first phase of the innovation project implemented by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Earth Environment was established on the basis of the Loess and Quaternary Geology Research Office, and entered the innovation project pilot in May 1999, completing the third leap of our office.
From 1985 to 2000, in the laboratory evaluation organized by the state, the laboratory was rated as an excellent laboratory for four consecutive times. In 2005, it was exempted from the evaluation and became an excellent national key laboratory.In 2005, Academician An Zhisheng was rated as "Advanced Collective of National Key Laboratory Program" and "Advanced Individual of National Key Laboratory Program".
Instrument and equipment
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The laboratory has a number of advanced analytical and testing instruments and sample collection and observation systems.For example, 3MV accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS), radioactive carbon AMS target system, 10Be AMS target systemSuperconducting magnetometerTL/OSL luminescence measurement system, stable isotope mass spectrometer (MAT-252MAT-251、δPlus）、Element analyzer、ICP-MS、X-ray fluorescence spectrometer、X-ray diffractometer、Laser particle sizer, carbon aerosol analyzer, aerosol field collection system, ion chromatography, tree ring measurement system, computer workstation, etc.A relatively complete geochronology test sequence and paleoenvironment proxy index test system have been formed.
Talent team
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laboratoryIt is the cradle for the growth of outstanding young scientific research talents.It is an effective measure that our office has always adhered to to promote talent cultivation with cutting-edge topics. We encourage high-level starting, enhance the sense of responsibility and competition, and give play to creativity in striving for and completing important national projects.Through international cooperation, young researchers have been allowed to enter world-class laboratories to engage in research and participate in international academic activities. In high-level international cooperation, they have broadened their horizons, improved their theoretical level and achieved fruitful research results.Seven of them were supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars while working in the laboratory, and four of them were supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Science and TechnologyNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaUnder the support of the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP), the "China Continental Environmental Science Drilling Program" was implemented, and environmental drilling projects were carried out in different environmental units in China, obtaining a large number of importantsourceIt also plans to build a dedicated core library, which provides valuable strategic resources for subsequent research.Academician An Zhisheng has devoted a lot of efforts to the development of the laboratory, and is still struggling in the front line of scientific research.In 2003, he was re elected as Vice President of the International Quaternary Union (INQUA), and was elected asInternational Geosphere Biosphere Program(IGBP) Vice Chairman of the Scientific Committee, became the highest seat of China in this large international academic institution.Over the years, a group of outstanding scientists have been attracted and gathered through research directions and topics of great significance, and three research groups have been formed in fact: first, a fixed staff team with high-level scientists as the core and young outstanding academic leaders as the main force;Second, a research group of interdisciplinary comprehensive integration research led by major national projects and formed by scholars from many domestic scientific research institutions;The third is an international cooperative research group formed by attracting famous foreign scientists through international cooperation and holding international academic conferences with "Chinese loess and Quaternary changes" as one of the factors affecting global change.
Academic influence
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（1） Scientific research aims at the international frontier and closely follows the national strategic needs
Aiming at the international frontier, the laboratory has organized scientists at home and abroad to jointly carry out "monsoon climate instability and sudden change events", "late Cenozoic eolian dust deposition and periodic uplift of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau", "dust and environment", "climatic environment sequence and prediction in the last 2000", "comprehensive management and sustainable development of ecological environment in the Loess Plateau and environmental sensitive areas in northern China"Etc.A number of important basic theoretical achievements have been achieved:
(1) Academician An Zhisheng and his team put forward the "monsoon cybernetics of ancient environmental changes in East Asia", which has played a guiding role in China's quaternary research and past global change research. It was once identified by the Global Change Committee of the International Federation of Sciences as the central topic of past global change research in East Asia,It has greatly promoted the development of research on Quaternary environmental change in China and even the world.
(2) The history and spatio-temporal variability of East Asian monsoon climate at different time scales were systematically studied, and the concept model of Asian inland monsoon drought coupling was proposed,Himalayan MovementAs a result, Asian inland aridity begins to develop, and Indian monsoon and East Asian winter monsoon may begin to appear.About 10-8 Ma ago, significant growth events occurred on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, especially in the northern part. Large scale inland aridity developed, and East Asian winter and summer monsoons developed significantly.During the period of 3.6-2.6 Ma, the growth of the northern part of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, especially the northeastern part, led to the simultaneous enhancement of the East Asian winter and summer monsoon and inland drought, which laid the foundation for the modern monsoon arid environment and the three-stage stepped geomorphic pattern in China.After 2.6 Ma, many growth events may occur in the northeast of the plateauInterglacial climateThe combination of cycle changes leads to an increasing trend of inland drought, and the variability of East Asian monsoon climate and inland drought increases.
(3) Jointly put forward the "dust iron connection theory in the global carbon cycle" together with famous scientists in the world, which describes the global relationship between iron bearing dustBiogeochemical cycleThe process and climate feedback mechanism indicate that although the phenomenon of frequent land dust storms in China has a negative impact on the environment of adjacent regions, from a global perspective, the dust transported by the atmosphere has promoted the fishery production in the North Pacific and reduced thecarbon dioxideConcentration.The "global iron hypothesis", which is closely related to dust, oceanic paleoproductivity and atmospheric carbon dioxide, is of great significance in China's environmental diplomacy and national security.
(4) The historical similarity study of environmental change trend in the context of global warming was carried out, and it was pointed out that the "Younger Dryas" occurred in the process of warming after the end of the last glacial period, which had both the cold nature of high latitude and the influence of warm and wet air in low latitude, manifested in the fluctuations of dry and wet cold and the spatial variability of Younger Dryas in the northern hemisphere.The Holocene climate change is the result of the interaction of the continent, ocean and atmosphere, and the ancient ENSO has a certain impact on YD precipitation.The seasonal precipitation trend of Helan Mountain in western Inner Mongolia and Baiyin Aobao in eastern Inner Mongolia in the next 20 years is predicted.The results show that from 1992 to 2004, the precipitation in both regions has an increasing trend, and then decreases. From 2012 to 2014, the precipitation in both regions will be the minimum period.The decrease of precipitation from May to July in the north of Helan Mountain in 2013-2014 may lead to the same degree of drought as that around 1929, and then the precipitation will increase.
The five papers written or participated in by laboratory researchers were published in Nature, Science and other international authoritative journals, which had a profound impact at home and abroad.Combining the research results of basic theories with the national strategic needs, as the host unit or an important participant unit, it has submitted nine advisory reports to the central and local governments, covering climate trend prediction, comprehensive management of ecologically fragile areas linked to the biogeochemical cycle, prevention and control of atmospheric environmental pollution, regional ecological environment planning and sustainable development countermeasures,It provides a scientific basis for formulating the ecological environment construction and restoration plan in the west.In 2001, at the request of Comrade Jiang Zemin, he submitted the report "The Impact of Natural Processes and Human Activities on the Ecological Environment of Northwest China" to the Central Committee. He believed that the formation of arid areas in northwest China was the result of long-term evolution of the Asian and global climate environment. The natural environment conditions determine the distribution pattern of desert, loess, grassland, forest and other ecological landscapes in northwest China today.The semi-arid grassland belt and the Loess Plateau with an annual precipitation of 200-400 mm are vulnerable to ecological environment and are extremely sensitive to human activities. They should be regarded as important areas to control desertification, dust storm source areas and water and soil loss in China.
（2） Grasping Three Transformations and Realizing New Leaps
In front of our achievements, we dare not slack off, and follow the room training of "walking on thin ice, striving hard". Academician An Zhisheng proposed that the future development of the laboratory should grasp three important changes, namely, to realize the transformation from "past global change research" to "past and modern combination of global change research";Realize the transformation from "research on monsoon environment" to "research on monsoon arid environment" and even "research on regional and global change";Realize the transformation from "research on natural process" to "research on interaction between nature and human".
In combination with the accelerator mass spectrometry center under construction, the core library of continental environmental drilling, and the environmental evolution simulation and data information sharing center, the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology will build a continental environmental change research platform open to domestic and foreign scientists, attract top scientists at home and abroad to work here, and provide a foundation for the sustainable development of the national economyStrategic and forward-looking scientific basis.Build our laboratory into an international continental environmental change research center to achieve a new leap forward.
