Salt water

Liquid consisting of sodium chloride solution

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salt Main points of component It is sodium chloride (NaCl), so salt water is mainly composed of Sodium chloride solution Composed of.

Chinese name: Salt water
Foreign name: NaCl

Main components: sodium chloride
Nature: liquid

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Chemical preparation

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Salt water

Exhaust saturation salt Water collection chlorine ， chlorine Partially formed after dissolving in water hydrochloric acid To form Chloride ion (reversible), because sodium chloride can ionization Chlorine ion is discharged to make Reversible reaction towards Reverse reaction direction conduct, Hydrogen chloride And converted to chlorine, if used Drainage method , chlorine will dissolve in water.

The addition of salt water to the enzyme has Catalysis 。

Through industry Electrolytic saturated salt water Preparation of sodium hydroxide hydrogen , chlorine, its reactive Chemical equation 2NaCl+2H ₂ O===Electrolysis===2NaOH+H ₂ ↑+Cl ₂ ↑

Industrial use

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In industry, NaOH, Cl2 and H2 are produced by electrolysis of saturated NaCl solution, and a series of chemical products are produced from them, called Chlor alkali industry 。 Chlor alkali industry is one of the most basic chemical industries. Its products are widely used in light industry, textile industry, metallurgical industry Petrochemical industry And utilities.

Actual production: electrolytic saturated salt water (-) (+) cathode （Fe） anode (C) NaCl===Na++Cl-H2O==H++OH anode: Cl -, OH cathode: Na+, H+discharge capacity: Cl ->OH -; H+＞ Na+anode: 2Cl -- 2e==Cl2（ oxidation reaction ）Cathode: 2H++2e==H2（ Reduction reaction ）Phenomenon: gas is generated at both poles, and the anode gas has a pungent smell, which can make Starch potassium iodide test paper Blue, bipolar drip Phenolphthalein , found Cathode region Phenolphthalein turns red. explain cathode : destroyed due to the generation of hydrogen Cathode region Watery Ionization equilibrium , make Hydroxyl ion Concentration increase, generation sodium hydroxide , so drip Phenolphthalein It is red.

Total reaction equation: 2NaCl+2H2O==2NaOH+H2+Cl2（ Cathode region )（ cathode ）（ anode ）

Equipment: vertical diaphragm electrolyzer anode : metallic titanium or graphite Cathode: wire mesh (attached to a layer of asbestos wool) Cathode chamber Cathode chamber diaphragm function: hydrogen and chlorine are easily explosive when mixed, and chlorine reacts with alkali. Separation of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride: heating and evaporation to separate sodium chloride crystals（ Recrystallization ）Process: salt dissolving, refining electrolysis , purification.

Supplementary information

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Salt water can be used to remove makeup.

Sterilization

Replenishment and treatment Electrolyte disorder

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